A Grammar of Dlar
Introduction
Scope and Purpose
This grammar provides a systematic description of the Dlar language (the 1037th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.
The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Dlar.
Typological Profile
It has a highly marked collection of glottal, uvular, pharyngeal or epiglottal contrasts, a full set of ejective articulations, a richly elaborated system of click consonants, proper polysynthesis and a rich system of noun classes.Phonology
Phoneme Inventory
Consonants
Dlar has an astonishing 322 consonant phonemes, exceeding any consonant system known to the author. The inventory is remarkably extensive.
It has a maximally developed dental–alveolar opposition, a richly developed retroflex subsystem, an extensive and fully contrastive palatal series, a highly marked collection of glottal, uvular, pharyngeal or epiglottal contrasts and an exceptionally large and contrastive set of fricatives.The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Dlar. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.
| vel. labial | pal. labial | phar. labial | vel. dental | pal. dental | lab. dental | phar. dental | vel. alveolar | pal. alveolar | lab. alveolar | phar. alveolar | postalveolar | vel. postalveolar | pal. postalveolar | vel. lateral | pal. lateral | palatal | vel. retroflex | pal. retroflex | vel. velar | pal. velar | lab. velar | phar. velar | vel. uvular | pal. uvular | lab. uvular | phar. uvular | vel. pharyngeal | pal. pharyngeal | vel. epiglottal | pal. epiglottal | glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stop | pˠ bˠ | pʲ bʲ | pˤ bˤ | dˠ tˠ | dʲ tʲ | dʷ tʷ | dˤ tˤ | ɖˠ ʈˠ | ɖʲ ʈʲ | kˠ ɡˠ | kʲ ɡʲ | kʷ ɡʷ | kˤ ɡˤ | qˠ ɢˠ | qʲ ɢʲ | qʷ ɢʷ | qˤ ɢˤ | ʡˠ | ʡʲ | ʔ | ||||||||||||
| aspirated stop | pʰˠ | pʰʲ | pʰˤ | tʰˠ | tʰʲ | tʰʷ | tʰˤ | ʈʰˠ | ʈʰʲ | kʰˠ | kʰʲ | kʰʷ | kʰˤ | |||||||||||||||||||
| preaspirated stop | hpˠ | hpʲ | hpˤ | htˠ | htʲ | htʷ | htˤ | hʈˠ | hʈʲ | hkˠ | hkʲ | hkʷ | hkˤ | |||||||||||||||||||
| breathy stop | bʱˠ | bʱʲ | bʱˤ | dʱˠ | dʱʲ | dʱʷ | dʱˤ | ɖʱˠ | ɖʱʲ | ɡʱˠ | ɡʱʲ | ɡʱʷ | ɡʱˤ | |||||||||||||||||||
| ejective stop | pˠʼ | pʲʼ | pˤʼ | tˠʼ | tʲʼ | tʷʼ | tˤʼ | ʈˠʼ | ʈʲʼ | kˠʼ | kʲʼ | kʷʼ | kˤʼ | qˠʼ | qʲʼ | qʷʼ | qˤʼ | |||||||||||||||
| nasal | mˠ m̥ˠ | mʲ m̥ʲ | mˤ m̥ˤ | nˠ n̥ˠ | nʲ n̥ʲ | nʷ n̥ʷ | nˤ n̥ˤ | ɳˠ ɳ̥ˠ | ɳʲ ɳ̥ʲ | ŋˠ ŋ̥ˠ | ŋʲ ŋ̥ʲ | ŋʷ ŋ̥ʷ | ŋˤ ŋ̥ˤ | ɴˠ | ɴʲ | ɴʷ | ɴˤ | |||||||||||||||
| trill/tap/flap | r̥ˠ ɾˠ | r̥ʲ ɾʲ | r̥ʷ ɾʷ | r̥ˤ ɾˤ | ɺˠ | ɺʲ | ɽˠ | ɽʲ | ʜˠ | ʜʲ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| fricative | ɸˠ βˠ | ɸʲ βʲ | ɸˤ βˤ | ðˠ θˠ | ðʲ θʲ | ðʷ θʷ | ðˤ θˤ | sˠ zˠ | sʲ zʲ | sʷ zʷ | sˤ zˤ | ʃˠ ʒˠ | ʃʲ ʒʲ | ɬˠ ɮˠ | ɬʲ ɮʲ | ʂˠ ʐˠ | ʂʲ ʐʲ | xˠ ɣˠ | xʲ ɣʲ | xʷ ɣʷ | xˤ ɣˤ | ʁˠ χˠ | ʁʲ χʲ | ʁʷ χʷ | ʁˤ χˤ | ħˠ ʕˠ | ħʲ ʕʲ | h ɦ | ||||
| approximant | ʋˠ | ʋʲ | ʋˤ | ɹˠ | ɹʲ | ɹʷ | ɹˤ | ɭˠ | ɭʲ | j | ɻˠ | ɻʲ | ɰˠ | ɰʲ | ɰʷ | ɰˤ | ||||||||||||||||
| affricate | p͡fˠ | p͡fʲ | p͡fˤ | d͡zˠ t͡sˠ | d͡zʲ t͡sʲ | d͡zʷ t͡sʷ | d͡zˤ t͡sˤ | d͡ʒ t͡ʃ | tɬˠ | tɬʲ | d͡ʐˠ t͡ʂˠ | d͡ʐʲ t͡ʂʲ | k͡xˠ | k͡xʲ | k͡xʷ | k͡xˤ | q͡χˠ | q͡χʲ | q͡χʷ | q͡χˤ | ||||||||||||
| implosive | ɓˠ | ɓʲ | ɓˤ | ɗˠ | ɗʲ | ɗʷ | ɗˤ | ʄˠ | ʄʲ | ɠˠ | ɠʲ | ɠʷ | ɠˤ | ʛˠ | ʛʲ | ʛʷ | ʛˤ | |||||||||||||||
| click | ᵏǀˠ ᵏǀʰˠ | ᵏǀʲ ᵏǀʰʲ | ᵏǀʷ ᵏǀʰʷ | ᵏǀˤ ᵏǀʰˤ | ᵏǃˠ ᵏǃʰˠ | ᵏǃʲ ᵏǃʰʲ | ᵏǃʷ ᵏǃʰʷ | ᵏǃˤ ᵏǃʰˤ | ᵏǁˠ ᵏǁʰˠ | ᵏǁʲ ᵏǁʰʲ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ejective click | ᵏǀˠʼ | ᵏǀʲʼ | ᵏǀʷʼ | ᵏǀˤʼ | ᵏǃˠʼ | ᵏǃʲʼ | ᵏǃʷʼ | ᵏǃˤʼ | ᵏǁˠʼ | ᵏǁʲʼ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| click, nasal | ᵑǀˠ | ᵑǀʲ | ᵑǀʷ | ᵑǀˤ | ᵑǃˠ | ᵑǃʲ | ᵑǃʷ | ᵑǃˤ | ᵑǁˠ | ᵑǁʲ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ejective click, nasal | ᵑǀˠʼ | ᵑǀʲʼ | ᵑǀʷʼ | ᵑǀˤʼ | ᵑǃˠʼ | ᵑǃʲʼ | ᵑǃʷʼ | ᵑǃˤʼ | ᵑǁˠʼ | ᵑǁʲʼ |
Vowels
Dlar has more than 14 vowel qualities. This constitutes an exceptionally rich vowel inventory, with numerous distinct categories represented in the chart.
It has a fully developed system of nasal vowels matching the oral height distinctions, a fully contrastive long–short vowel distinction across the system, a highly marked system where syllables may lack audible vowels entirely, a maximally “square” vowel system balancing heights across backness and a full range of vowel qualities even in reduced syllables.The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Dlar. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| close | i ĩ | ɨ ɨ̃ | u ũ |
| close-mid | e ẽ | ɘ ɘ̃ | o õ |
| open-mid | ɛ ɛ̃ | ɜ ɜ̃ | ɔ ɔ̃ |
| open | a ã |
Stress and Tones
Dlar has phonemic stress and 6 lexical tones. Each lexical item carries a tonal specification associated with the first vowel of the root, which determines the overall tonal contour of the word.
Phonological Processes
Vowel Harmony
The language employs vowel harmony. To be specific, the following vowels change to match the first vowel of the root: /i/ becomes /i#/, /u/ becomes /u#/, /ɨ/ becomes /ɨ#/, /e/ becomes /e#/, /o/ becomes /o#/, /ɘ/ becomes /ɘ#/, /ɛ/ becomes /ɛ#/, /ɔ/ becomes /ɔ#/, /ɜ/ becomes /ɜ#/, /a/ becomes /a#/.
Writing System
Introduction
Dlar is normally written using the Latin alphabet, whose familiarity makes it straightforward for most readers. For clarity and precision, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also provided throughout this grammar.
Orthography
Here are the various components of the orthography:
Simple letters
| a /a/ | ḅ /bˤ/ | c̣ /ᵏǀˤ/ | ḍ /dˤ/ |
| e /e/ | f̣ /fˤ/ | g̣ /ɡˤ/ | h /h/ |
| i /i/ | j /d͡ʒ/ | ḳ /kˤ/ | ṃ /mˤ/ |
| ṇ /nˤ/ | o /ɔ/ | p̣ /pˤ/ | q /ʔ/ |
| q̣ /qˤ/ | ṛ /ɾˤ/ | r̥̣ /r̥ˤ/ | ṣ /sˤ/ |
| ṭ /tˤ/ | u /u/ | ṿ /vˤ/ | ẉ /ʋˤ/ |
| y /j/ | ẓ /zˤ/ | æ /ɛ/ | è /ɜ/ |
| ë /ɘ/ | ï /ɨ/ | ð̣ /ðˤ/ | ó /o/ |
| þ̣ /θˤ/ | ğ̣ /ɣˤ/ | ṇ́ /n̥ˤ/ | ŋ̥̣ /ŋ̥ˤ/ |
| ṛ́ /rˤ/ | ɥ̣ /ɥˤ/ | ɦ /ɦ/ | ɴ̣ /ɴˤ/ |
| ɸ̣ /ɸˤ/ | ɹ̣ /ɹˤ/ | ʁ̣ /ʁˤ/ | ʛ̣ /ʛˤ/ |
| β̣ /βˤ/ | χ̣ /χˤ/ | ṕ̣ /p͡fˤ/ | ẉ̈ /ɰˤ/ |
Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs
| aa /aː/ | ai /ai/ | an /ã/ |
| anan /ãː/ | au /au/ | bbi /ɓʲ/ |
| bbo /ɓˠ/ | bḅ /ɓˤ/ | bhi /bʱʲ/ |
| bho /bʱˠ/ | bḥ /bʱˤ/ | bi /bʲ/ |
| bo /bˠ/ | bpi /pʼʲ/ | bpo /pʼˠ/ |
| bp̣ /pʼˤ/ | chi /ᵏǀʰʲ/ | cho /ᵏǀʰˠ/ |
| chw /ᵏǀʰʷ/ | cḥ /ᵏǀʰˤ/ | ci /ᵏǀʲ/ |
| co /ᵏǀˠ/ | cw /ᵏǀʷ/ | ddi /ɗʲ/ |
| ddo /ɗˠ/ | ddw /ɗʷ/ | dḍ /ɗˤ/ |
| dhi /dʱʲ/ | dho /dʱˠ/ | dhw /dʱʷ/ |
| dḥ /dʱˤ/ | di /dʲ/ | dj /t͡ʃ/ |
| do /dˠ/ | dti /tʼʲ/ | dto /tʼˠ/ |
| dtw /tʼʷ/ | dṭ /tʼˤ/ | dw /dʷ/ |
| dzi /d͡zʲ/ | dzo /d͡zˠ/ | dzw /d͡zʷ/ |
| dẓ /d͡zˤ/ | d͡ʐi /d͡ʐʲ/ | d͡ʐo /d͡ʐˠ/ |
| ee /eː/ | en /ẽ/ | enen /ẽː/ |
| fi /fʲ/ | fo /fˠ/ | ggi /ɠʲ/ |
| ggo /ɠˠ/ | ggw /ɠʷ/ | gg̣ /ɠˤ/ |
| ghi /ɡʱʲ/ | gho /ɡʱˠ/ | ghw /ɡʱʷ/ |
| gḥ /ɡʱˤ/ | gi /ɡʲ/ | gki /kʼʲ/ |
| gko /kʼˠ/ | gḳ /kʼˤ/ | go /ɡˠ/ |
| gqi /qʼʲ/ | gqo /qʼˠ/ | gqu /kʼʷ/ |
| gqw /qʼʷ/ | gq̣ /qʼˤ/ | gw /ɡʷ/ |
| għi /ʕʲ/ | għo /ʕˠ/ | hki /hkʲ/ |
| hko /hkˠ/ | hkw /hkʷ/ | hḳ /hkˤ/ |
| hli /ɬʲ/ | hlo /ɬˠ/ | hmi /m̥ʲ/ |
| hmo /m̥ˠ/ | hṃ /m̥ˤ/ | hpi /hpʲ/ |
| hpo /hpˠ/ | hp̣ /hpˤ/ | hti /htʲ/ |
| hto /htˠ/ | htw /htʷ/ | hṭ /htˤ/ |
| hʈi /hʈʲ/ | hʈo /hʈˠ/ | ii /iː/ |
| in /ĩ/ | inin /ĩː/ | jji /ʄʲ/ |
| jjo /ʄˠ/ | khi /kʰʲ/ | kho /kʰˠ/ |
| khw /xʷ/ | kḥ /kʰˤ/ | ki /kʲ/ |
| ko /kˠ/ | kxi /k͡xʲ/ | kxo /k͡xˠ/ |
| kxw /k͡xʷ/ | kx̣ /k͡xˤ/ | li /lʲ/ |
| lo /lˠ/ | mi /mʲ/ | mo /mˠ/ |
| nci /ᵑǀʲ/ | nco /ᵑǀˠ/ | ncw /ᵑǀʷ/ |
| nc̣ /ᵑǀˤ/ | ngi /ŋʲ/ | ngo /ŋˠ/ |
| ngw /ŋʷ/ | ng̣ /ŋˤ/ | ni /nʲ/ |
| no /nˠ/ | nqi /ᵑǃʲ/ | nqo /ᵑǃˠ/ |
| nqw /ᵑǃʷ/ | nq̣ /ᵑǃˤ/ | nw /nʷ/ |
| nxi /ᵑǁʲ/ | nxo /ᵑǁˠ/ | on /ɔ̃/ |
| onon /ɔ̃ː/ | oo /ɔː/ | phi /pʰʲ/ |
| pho /pʰˠ/ | pḥ /pʰˤ/ | pi /pʲ/ |
| po /pˠ/ | qhi /ᵏǃʰʲ/ | qho /ᵏǃʰˠ/ |
| qhw /ᵏǃʰʷ/ | qḥ /ᵏǃʰˤ/ | qi /qʲ/ |
| qo /qˠ/ | qqhi /q͡χʲ/ | qqho /q͡χˠ/ |
| qqhw /q͡χʷ/ | qqḥ /q͡χˤ/ | qu /kʷ/ |
| quh /kʰʷ/ | qw /qʷ/ | rdhi /ɖʱʲ/ |
| rdho /ɖʱˠ/ | rdi /ɖʲ/ | rdo /ɖˠ/ |
| ri /ɾʲ/ | rni /ɳʲ/ | rno /ɳˠ/ |
| ro /ɾˠ/ | rri /ɽʲ/ | rro /ɽˠ/ |
| rsi /ʂʲ/ | rso /ʂˠ/ | rthi /ʈʰʲ/ |
| rtho /ʈʰˠ/ | rti /ʈʲ/ | rto /ʈˠ/ |
| rw /ɾʷ/ | rzi /ʐʲ/ | rzo /ʐˠ/ |
| r̥i /r̥ʲ/ | r̥o /r̥ˠ/ | r̥w /r̥ʷ/ |
| shi /ʃʲ/ | sho /ʃˠ/ | si /sʲ/ |
| so /sˠ/ | sw /sʷ/ | thi /tʰʲ/ |
| tho /tʰˠ/ | thw /tʰʷ/ | tḥ /tʰˤ/ |
| ti /tʲ/ | tlhi /tɬʲ/ | tlho /tɬˠ/ |
| to /tˠ/ | tw /tʷ/ | tzi /t͡sʲ/ |
| tzo /t͡sˠ/ | tzw /t͡sʷ/ | tẓ /t͡sˤ/ |
| t͡ʂi /t͡ʂʲ/ | t͡ʂo /t͡ʂˠ/ | un /ũ/ |
| unun /ũː/ | uu /uː/ | vi /vʲ/ |
| vo /vˠ/ | wi /ʋʲ/ | wo /ʋˠ/ |
| wwi /wʲ/ | wwo /wˠ/ | wẉ /wˤ/ |
| xhi /ᵏǁʰʲ/ | xho /ᵏǁʰˠ/ | xi /ᵏǁʲ/ |
| xo /ᵏǁˠ/ | xxi /xʲ/ | xxo /xˠ/ |
| xx̣ /xˤ/ | zhi /ʒʲ/ | zho /ʒˠ/ |
| zi /zʲ/ | zo /zˠ/ | zw /zʷ/ |
| æn /ɛ̃/ | ænæn /ɛ̃ː/ | ææ /ɛː/ |
| èn /ɜ̃/ | ènèn /ɜ̃ː/ | èè /ɜː/ |
| ën /ɘ̃/ | ënën /ɘ̃ː/ | ëë /ɘː/ |
| ïn /ɨ̃/ | ïnïn /ɨ̃ː/ | ïï /ɨː/ |
| ði /ðʲ/ | ðo /ðˠ/ | ðw /ðʷ/ |
| ón /õ/ | ónón /õː/ | óó /oː/ |
| þi /θʲ/ | þo /θˠ/ | þw /θʷ/ |
| ği /ɣʲ/ | ğo /ɣˠ/ | ğw /ɣʷ/ |
| ħgi /ɢʲ/ | ħgo /ɢˠ/ | ħgw /ɢʷ/ |
| ħg̣ /ɢˤ/ | ħi /ħʲ/ | ħo /ħˠ/ |
| ħħi /ʜʲ/ | ħħo /ʜˠ/ | ńi /n̥ʲ/ |
| ńo /n̥ˠ/ | ńw /n̥ʷ/ | ŋ̥i /ŋ̥ʲ/ |
| ŋ̥o /ŋ̥ˠ/ | ŋ̥w /ŋ̥ʷ/ | ŕi /rʲ/ |
| ŕo /rˠ/ | ŕw /rʷ/ | ɔi /ɔi/ |
| ɥi /ɥʲ/ | ɥo /ɥˠ/ | ɭi /ɭʲ/ |
| ɭo /ɭˠ/ | ɮi /ɮʲ/ | ɮo /ɮˠ/ |
| ɳ̥i /ɳ̥ʲ/ | ɳ̥o /ɳ̥ˠ/ | ɴi /ɴʲ/ |
| ɴo /ɴˠ/ | ɴw /ɴʷ/ | ɸi /ɸʲ/ |
| ɸo /ɸˠ/ | ɹi /ɹʲ/ | ɹo /ɹˠ/ |
| ɹw /ɹʷ/ | ɺi /ɺʲ/ | ɺo /ɺˠ/ |
| ɻi /ɻʲ/ | ɻo /ɻˠ/ | ʁi /ʁʲ/ |
| ʁo /ʁˠ/ | ʁw /ʁʷ/ | ʈʼi /ʈʼʲ/ |
| ʈʼo /ʈʼˠ/ | ʛi /ʛʲ/ | ʛo /ʛˠ/ |
| ʛw /ʛʷ/ | ʡi /ʡʲ/ | ʡo /ʡˠ/ |
| βi /βʲ/ | βo /βˠ/ | χi /χʲ/ |
| χo /χˠ/ | χw /χʷ/ | ᵏǀʼi /ᵏǀʼʲ/ |
| ᵏǀʼo /ᵏǀʼˠ/ | ᵏǀʼw /ᵏǀʼʷ/ | ᵏǀʼ̣ /ᵏǀʼˤ/ |
| ᵏǁʼi /ᵏǁʼʲ/ | ᵏǁʼo /ᵏǁʼˠ/ | ᵏǃi /ᵏǃʲ/ |
| ᵏǃo /ᵏǃˠ/ | ᵏǃw /ᵏǃʷ/ | ᵏǃʼi /ᵏǃʼʲ/ |
| ᵏǃʼo /ᵏǃʼˠ/ | ᵏǃʼw /ᵏǃʼʷ/ | ᵏǃʼ̣ /ᵏǃʼˤ/ |
| ᵏǃ̣ /ᵏǃˤ/ | ᵑǀʼi /ᵑǀʼʲ/ | ᵑǀʼo /ᵑǀʼˠ/ |
| ᵑǀʼw /ᵑǀʼʷ/ | ᵑǀʼ̣ /ᵑǀʼˤ/ | ᵑǁʼi /ᵑǁʼʲ/ |
| ᵑǁʼo /ᵑǁʼˠ/ | ᵑǃʼi /ᵑǃʼʲ/ | ᵑǃʼo /ᵑǃʼˠ/ |
| ᵑǃʼw /ᵑǃʼʷ/ | ᵑǃʼ̣ /ᵑǃʼˤ/ | ṕi /p͡fʲ/ |
| ṕo /p͡fˠ/ | ẅi /ɰʲ/ | ẅo /ɰˠ/ |
| ẅw /ɰʷ/ |
Diacritics
| ◌̃ /꜔/ | ◌̠̃ /꜔꜖/ | ◌̄ /꜒/ | ◌̄̃ /꜒꜔/ |
| ◌̠ /꜖/ | ◌̠̃ /꜖꜔/ |
Word Classes and Morphology
Number and Gender
Number
Dlar does not have grammatical number.
Gender
Dlar has the following noun classes:
Class cl.1 – for instance: bp̣aẓhp̣ĩggw ‘seed’, d͡ʐoænæñʁo ‘tree’, rzoqoon̠qw ‘night’, siquaĩʛ̣ ‘year’, soóṛè̄ẉ ‘flower’, ṣdtió̃ħħo ‘time’, zwghiè̠̃dṭ ‘day’, zwthoïnïnddwā̃dto ‘bark’.
Class cl.2 – for instance: ddoī̃ngi ‘skin’, ddousoʡioñ̠wo ‘box’, goóṣbp̣ëë̄tzw ‘mortar’, kxoë̄gqw ‘house’, ncwā̃rw ‘road’, rzohtoïyón̄ɹ̣ ‘apple’, shogkiërziʈʼĩ̠ng̣ ‘bottle’, sokhoenþweneñxx̣ ‘wheat’, swtwënsokhièn̄ŕi ‘tower’, zhoṭææ̠̃ðw ‘fruit’, ɥohṭaĩ̠βo ‘salt’, ɮiāŕi ‘Dlar’.
Class cl.3 – for instance: ghiónsiʡoè̄̃zi ‘cloud’, jjoarzidiɔi̠gḥ ‘river’, jjoè̄̃bhi ‘stone’, koōdtw ‘water’, kxwè̠̃ṇ ‘wind’, miëχ̣aĩgħi ‘mountain’, qhiæzoʈʼiaa̠ɹw ‘ice’, rzogwïnïñf̣ ‘sea’, rzorthiininṣhʈoō̃dḍ ‘forest’, r̥oæñ̠tlho ‘land’, shirthiææzidiɔĩ̠rri ‘snow’, shoquinzibhièn̄sw ‘stick’, swdtoèdẓïn̄pi ‘fog’, swpiũ̠ngo ‘rain’, ṣkhièn̠ğw ‘earth’, tzio̠ħi ‘star’, wwoë̄̃ẓ ‘sun’, wẉɔĩrso ‘moon’, ẓgqueñɹw ‘fire’, χwæærsidtoaĩ̠ği ‘plain’.
Class cl.4 – for instance: boeẽto ‘top’, ggië̠bḥ ‘mouth’, giï̄bbo ‘surface’, gqiè̄qqhw ‘south’, qoa̠d͡ʐi ‘north’, rdhoïnïn̄ẅi ‘east’, rsikhoën̄̃gqw ‘west’, rzirdhiènèn̠di ‘inside’, zhoersotoë̄̃po ‘bosom’.
Class cl.5 – for instance: dṭïïzidtioo̠zo ‘court’, dziaɺoè̃ṣ ‘bank’, ggiingiẽ̠ngo ‘library’, gqwónónrsiphiērno ‘religion’, hkwiɸoænæn̠ħg̣ ‘urine’, moaakoiito ‘market’, rziphiananrsiɔi̠ʁw ‘student’, rzortoëshobpiuũβi ‘rope’, sihṭiβoóó̄̃ti ‘medicine’, sogquïgqoĩ̠hlo ‘restaurant’, soëëkouubḥ ‘school’, voïn̄ɺi ‘meat’, zwghoóóɻióó̠ṛ́ ‘anus’, ħħoènèn̄̃rto ‘foot’, ɴ̣èèsohtiæǣpi ‘cheese’, χiænrzopoaūβi ‘faeces’, ᵏǃwèn̄pi ‘egg’.
Class cl.6 – for instance: bhouuko ‘book’, doõ̠qi ‘language’, ggiè̃gi ‘head’, siqirzithoē̃f̣ ‘neighbour’, woiĩ̠ṭ ‘friend’, woèè̠̃ni ‘hair’, wwoiiẓrthiæ̠̃ẅo ‘dialect’, ziqïï̠si ‘city’, ɭiińoæ̠̃ʈʼi ‘farmer’.
Class cl.7 – for instance: chiètiïn̄ṇ ‘umbrella’, dhoèwẉuū̃ɴo ‘binoculars’, qḥinin̠p̣ ‘heart’, rzoiṣhtoii̠ʡi ‘root’, shiarzoghoï̄̃tlho ‘liver’, sigqwiirsitiɔi̠gg̣ ‘belly’, ħiuɥouũ̠sho ‘guts’, ʈʼoózwghiaūqqhi ‘knee’, ʛwejẽ̠ni ‘net’, ᵏǁʼiaaþiè̄̃χw ‘machine’.
Class cl.8 – for instance: që̄nw ‘chair’, rsiquhë̠̃dto ‘bed’, rzoghiè̠̃ɸ̣ ‘table’, rzohḳañp̣ ‘tongue’, r̥wë̃pi ‘speech’, shipiïnïñ̠ɭi ‘leg’, shogkien̄̃rni ‘nose’, sip̣ĩ̠gw ‘sound’, ṣʈʼiïnïnrzikiëë̠̃ngi ‘tail’, zortiẽ̠qi ‘eye’, zwpoinin̄̃þw ‘ear’.
Class cl.9 – for instance: d͡ʐoósikoo̠ggo ‘mammal’, ggiīmi ‘fish’, hkoēbo ‘animal’, koushogq̣a̠ʡo ‘feather’, koèsiphiunuñ̠ddo ‘snake’, pḥï̄̃ʡi ‘dog’, rsigquaa̠gw ‘cat’, rsoaīr̥i ‘bird’, wẉïghwonon̄ɴo ‘mouse’, zhithwódhwèè̠̃rw ‘lion’, zhiħgiëzwrdiãʈʼo ‘wild boar’, zhogiã̠vo ‘knife’, zhohpiækxwïnïñɸi ‘lamb’, zibiuzwhpiï̃ɴi ‘neck’, zidoænħħióó̄̃rri ‘horn’, zoghiïnshoquæ̃sho ‘worm’, ðoëzohkiè̄̃ðw ‘louse’, ğiizhobp̣ũ̠għi ‘jaguar’, ħħièrzoʈʼoan̄rno ‘wing’, ʁiiisoʡièn̄̃y ‘tiger’.
Class cl.10 – for instance: biĩtw ‘blood’, dtiïzhikhoonon̄zw ‘slime’, d͡ʐoenẓtoææ̠ħgi ‘smoke’, f̣on̄̃ɦ ‘idea’, mooonoiiq ‘money’, nië̠̃bp̣ ‘back’, nqoërsodtwonoñ̠β̣ ‘breath’, qqhoórriīngw ‘embrace’, rzidḥiiğwenen̄ʈʼi ‘ash’, rzodhouũshi ‘colour’, shothoanbp̣èè̠̃wo ‘dust’, zhiquææ̠̃ɻo ‘fight’, zodiæ̃ðo ‘face’, zoṭæætwï̠̃qw ‘fat’, zoħg̣ï̠̃rri ‘manner’, ħgoau̠dtw ‘name’.
Class cl.11 – for instance: bḅïŋ̥iun̄ẅo ‘breast’, gquónóñ̠bo ‘tooth’, loèngḥũ̠għi ‘grass’, rzidtõ̠ɴ̣ ‘hand’, rzoungqionoñ̠ði ‘fingernail’, shohṭónón̠qu ‘leaf’, soqoïñ̠dw ‘bone’, ṣhtoïnħg̣ëë̠̃tlhi ‘penis’, ẉizhigqoiĩ̠ɺo ‘brick’, ɹ̣onzirthian̠ddo ‘vagina’.
Class cl.12 – for instance: bḥiidjëëlo ‘teacher’, dhoqwë̄ʁi ‘hunter’, doeeɦ̠̃þo ‘God’, nqw̃ẓ ‘girl’, rzogqwï̠þ̣ ‘man’, rzoḳe̠gg̣ ‘daughter’, shopiin̠ŕw ‘human being’, shorthoĩngo ‘people’, shortoũ̠χo ‘husband’, shoóñtẓ ‘boy’, swhtwóñ̠ḍ ‘father’, thioñ̠þw ‘son’, zwpia̠ɥ̣ ‘child’, ẓgḳë̄rti ‘wife’, ħħoææ̠ħgo ‘woman’, ʛ̣ïï̄lo ‘mother’.
The Nominal Phrase
Nominal phrases in Dlar can be exemplified by the following example:
initial XML:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
<noun>woman</noun>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>knife</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
<adj>blind</adj>
<num>three</num>
<det>yon</det>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>woman</noun> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>knife</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> - <adj>blind</adj> - <num>three</num> - <det>yon</det> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+ <relp>
+ <vp tam="pres-state">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
+ </relp>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
module articles:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<relp>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
<np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <relp> - <vp tam="pres-state"> + <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/> </vp> <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
- <np head="this" role="subj" number="plur">
+ <np role="subj" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
- <subs>
- <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
- </vp>
- <np role="subj" number="plur">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="owned" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <subs>
+ <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
+ </vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np role="owned" number="plur">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module constorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np role="owned" number="plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np role="owned" number="plur"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np role="owned" number="plur"> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9"> + <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur">
<np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur"> - <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9"> + <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur">
- <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <np role="obj" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur" case="NOM">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur" case="NOM" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="plur" case="NOM" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
- <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind"/>
+ <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/>
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for yon/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> - <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <vp tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʜˠ ɛː ꜖ ɢˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗʲɨ#ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+ɡʲ a ꜖꜔ vˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ʂʲ+htʷ i ꜒꜔ qʼʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur" ph="d͡ʒ u ɾʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">d͡ʒuɾʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˤ+qʷ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤqʷi꜖꜔ɣʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˠ+ʈʰʲ a ꜖꜔ ʐˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʜˠ ɛː ꜖ ɢˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</word>
- <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗʲɨ#ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</word>
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+ɡʲ a ꜖꜔ vˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ʂʲ+htʷ i ꜒꜔ qʼʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur" ph="d͡ʒ u ɾʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">d͡ʒuɾʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˤ+qʷ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤqʷi꜖꜔ɣʲ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
<word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˠ+ʈʰʲ a ꜖꜔ ʐˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
/hpʲ/ + /sˤ+qʷ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʜˠ ɛː ꜖ ɢˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</word> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+ɡʲ a ꜖꜔ vˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʜˠ ɛː ꜖ ɢˠ">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+ɡʲ a ꜖꜔ vˠ">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ʂʲ+htʷ i ꜒꜔ qʼʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur" ph="d͡ʒ u ɾʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">d͡ʒuɾʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˤ+qʷ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤqʷi꜖꜔ɣʲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˠ+ʈʰʲ a ꜖꜔ ʐˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ʂʲ+htʷ i ꜒꜔ qʼʷ">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur" ph="d͡ʒ u ɾʷ">d͡ʒuɾʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="hpʲ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ" underlying="sˤ+qʷ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ">hpʲi꜖꜔ɣʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˠ+ʈʰʲ a ꜖꜔ ʐˠ">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʜˠ ɛː ꜖ ɢˠ">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</word> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+ɡʲ a ꜖꜔ vˠ">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES" ph="ʂʲ+htʷ i ꜒꜔ qʼʷ">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur" ph="d͡ʒ u ɾʷ">d͡ʒuɾʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="hpʲ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ" underlying="sˤ+qʷ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ">hpʲi꜖꜔ɣʲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" ph="sˠ+ʈʰʲ a ꜖꜔ ʐˠ">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word lexposp="adj" posp="verb" gloss="blind" tam="pres-state" ta="PRES">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.plur">d͡ʒuɾʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="sˤ+qʷ i ꜖꜔ ɣʲ">hpʲi꜖꜔ɣʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="owned" number="plur" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</span><br><span class="gls">woman</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɗʲɨ̃ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMIT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</span><br><span class="gls">knife</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</span><br><span class="gls">blind</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒuɾʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤqʷi꜖꜔ɣʲ</span><br><span class="gls">yon</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</span><br><span class="gls">three</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ ɗʲɨ̃̃ːhtˤãĩ꜖꜔ʛˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ d͡ʒuɾʷ ɳˠahpʲi꜖꜔ɣʲ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo siininpḥæn#̃zho ħħoææ̠ħgo ddiïn#ːhṭaniñ̠ʛo tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho zhogiã̠vo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo rsihtwī̃gqw jurw rnoahpiĩ̠ği wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo sorthiã̠rzo shohʈiædi chiuŕw zhigoōğ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ</o> + <g>woman</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɗʲɨ̃ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</o> + <g>COMIT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ</o> + <g>knife</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ</o> + <g>blind</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d͡ʒuɾʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤqʷi꜖꜔ɣʲ</o> + <g>yon</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ</o> + <g>three</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo siininpḥæn#̃zho ħħoææ̠ħgo ddiïn#ːhṭaniñ̠ʛo tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho zhogiã̠vo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo rsihtwī̃gqw jurw rnoahpiĩ̠ği wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo sorthiã̠rzo shohʈiædi chiuŕw zhigoōğ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ ɗʲɨ̃̃ːhtˤãĩ꜖꜔ʛˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ d͡ʒuɾʷ ɳˠahpʲi꜖꜔ɣʲ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʜˠɛː꜖ɢˠ woman ɗʲɨ̃ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ COMIT t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʒˠɡʲa꜖꜔vˠ knife t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ʂʲhtʷi꜒꜔qʼʷ blind d͡ʒuɾʷ 3.sing.cl.10.plur ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 sˤqʷi꜖꜔ɣʲ yon wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ mouse sˠʈʰʲa꜖꜔ʐˠ three ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ catch ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ “The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.” | (1) |
In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.
All nominal phrase clitics in Dlar are proclitics (placed initially, and there are two types: a clitic expressing case, comprising ṣkḥëmo /sˤkʰˤɘmˠ/ ‘ERG’, swtiægki /sʷtʲɛkʼʲ/ ‘ACC’, ħg̣ææħħi /ɢˤɛːʜʲ/ ‘DAT’, ẓbpoiẉ̈ /zˤpʼˠiɰˤ/ ‘INS’, nqwèdhi /ᵑǃʷɜdʱʲ/ ‘VOC’, ŋ̥iinvo /ŋ̥ʲi#vˠ/ ‘ALL’, ẉ̈r̥w /ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ/ ‘LOC’, ɥ̣óŕo /ɥˤorˠ/ ‘ABL’ and khwiħo /xʷiħˠ/ ‘PART’ followed by a clitic expressing possessor.number, comprising r̥oïβi /r̥ˠɨβʲ/ ‘1incl.sing.sing’, rzibhiaʁw /ʐʲbʱʲaʁʷ/ ‘1incl.sing.plur’, zighiip̣ /zʲgʱʲipˤ/ ‘1excl.sing.sing’, ŕoëẓ /rˠɘzˤ/ ‘1excl.sing.plur’, ẓbpieefo /zˤpʼʲeːfˠ/ ‘2.sing.sing’, ṕiæg̣ /p͡fʲɛɡˤ/ ‘2.sing.plur’, shothoèèɴ̣ /ʃˠtʰˠɜːɴˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.1.sing’, ẓgiuusho /zˤɡʲuːʃˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.1.plur’, ṇoħgi /nˤɔɢʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.2.sing’, ngiqu /ŋʲᵊkʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.2.plur’, r̥wèqo /r̥ʷɜqˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.3.sing’, ggwënënqu /ɠʷɘ#ːkʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.3.plur’, rrong̣ /ɽˠᵊŋˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.4.sing’, zhoħgiikx̣ /ʒˠɢʲik͡xˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.4.plur’, rsipiïği /ʂʲpʲɨɣʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.5.sing’, zordióóẅo /zˠɖʲoːɰˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.5.plur’, bboaʈʼo /ɓˠaʈʼˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.6.sing’, għiananpi /ʕʲa#ːpʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.6.plur’, ngwononħgi /ŋʷɔ#ːɢʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.7.sing’, choændḍ /ᵏǀʰˠɛ#ɗˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.7.plur’, sophiïngqo /sˠpʰʲɨ#qʼˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.8.sing’, ẓgquèèþw /zˤkʼʷɜːθʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.8.plur’, ńoinrto /n̥ˠi#ʈˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.9.sing’, ddounŕw /ɗˠu#rʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.9.plur’, hmoaχw /m̥ˠaχʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.10.sing’, jurw /d͡ʒuɾʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.10.plur’, zwpiantw /zʷpʲa#tʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.11.sing’, hṭólo /htˤolˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.11.plur’, rsiqiènngw /ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.12.sing’, sihkoóór̥o /sʲhkˠoːr̥ˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.12.plur’, sihṭiɮi /sʲhtˤiɮʲ/ ‘1incl.plur.sing’, nc̣ibpo /ᵑǀˤipʼˠ/ ‘1incl.plur.plur’, zhibhiananti /ʒʲbʱʲa#ːtʲ/ ‘1excl.plur.sing’, xhiaarso /ᵏǁʰʲaːʂˠ/ ‘1excl.plur.plur’, ʡionli /ʡʲɔ#lʲ/ ‘2.plur.sing’, sihp̣ènli /sʲhpˤɜ#lʲ/ ‘2.plur.plur’, xxooðo /xˠɔðˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.1.sing’, ɻoóɹi /ɻˠoɹʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.1.plur’, rzobhiëddw /ʐˠbʱʲɘɗʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.2.sing’, rsoʡiëbpo /ʂˠʡʲɘpʼˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.2.plur’, bboïnïnngi /ɓˠɨ#ːŋʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.3.sing’, chwóggw /ᵏǀʰʷoɠʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.3.plur’, ᵑǁʼiuħg̣ /ᵑǁʼʲuɢˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.4.sing’, ᵏǃoëdzo /ᵏǃˠɘd͡zˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.4.plur’, ᵏǁʼióbḅ /ᵏǁʼʲoɓˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.5.sing’, ẓgkoæggw /zˤkʼˠɛɠʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.5.plur’, shoóófo /ʃˠoːfˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.6.sing’, rtoebo /ʈˠebˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.6.plur’, ħgwqqho /ɢʷᵊq͡χˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.7.sing’, ʛwononrzo /ʛʷɔ#ːʐˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.7.plur’, ṣthiananħo /sˤtʰʲa#ːħˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.8.sing’, hṃg̣ /m̥ˤᵊɡˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.8.plur’, siquizhi /sʲkʷiʒʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.9.sing’, ẓrdoïʛw /zˤɖˠɨʛʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.9.plur’, ᵏǃʼ̣bp̣ /ᵏǃʼˤᵊpʼˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.10.sing’, tiananḍ /tʲa#ːdˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.10.plur’, lioof̣ /lʲɔːfˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.11.sing’, rsitḥëħħi /ʂʲtʰˤɘʜʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.11.plur’, ńwobp̣ /n̥ʷɔpʼˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.12.sing’, rtoïnïnzhi /ʈˠɨ#ːʒʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.12.plur’, tẓʈʼo /t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ/ ‘no.owner.sing’ and sokhiinr̥o /sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ/ ‘no.owner.plur’.
The morphology of the elements of the nominal phrase, i.e., nouns, numerals and pronouns, is described below, as is the way that possession is expressed in Dlar.
The Noun
The noun in Dlar stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
The noun displays the following derivational morphology: 39 prefixes, namely rzodhwiili- /ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-/ ‘little’, cḥæzohpi- /ᵏǀʰˤɛzˠhpʲ-/ ‘big’, rsoḳæshoḳ- /ʂˠkˤɛʃˠkˤ-/ ‘old’, rsiëdzo- /ʂʲɘd͡zˠ-/ ‘new’, ddwiḍ- /ɗʷidˤ-/ ‘good’, dzwuuɸo- /d͡zʷuːɸˠ-/ ‘bad’, zitḥununmi- /zʲtʰˤu#ːmʲ-/ ‘make’, zoʈʼiaβo- /zˠʈʼʲaβˠ-/ ‘help’, zhigḥarsoquh- /ʒʲgʱˤaʂˠkʰʷ-/ ‘have’, zwtḥ- /zʷᵊtʰˤ-/ ‘use’, ẓgkiooggo- /zˤkʼʲɔːɠˠ-/ ‘see’, xoatẓ- /ᵏǁˠat͡sˤ-/ ‘break’, wiununsigq̣- /ʋʲu#ːsʲqʼˤ-/ ‘eat’, viænzwhko- /vʲɛ#zʷhkˠ-/ ‘drink’, dḍononshobpo- /ɗˤɔ#ːʃˠpʼˠ-/ ‘wear’, zohtooswpo- /zˠhtˠɔsʷpˠ-/ ‘own’, sihṭoᵏǃʼo- /sʲhtˤɔᵏǃʼˠ-/ ‘contain’, hṃæʁ̣- /m̥ˤɛʁˤ-/ ‘hold’, rziununṃ- /ʐʲu#ːmˤ-/ ‘lack’, miezwgko- /mʲezʷkʼˠ-/ ‘touch’, gkiuzwḍ- /kʼʲuzʷdˤ-/ ‘carry’, tiaẓrtho- /tʲazˤʈʰˠ-/ ‘find’, swthiuj- /sʷtʰʲud͡ʒ-/ ‘hunt’, swrthiozhiḅ- /sʷʈʰʲɔʒʲbˤ-/ ‘guard’, kxoeesohṭ- /k͡xˠeːsˠhtˤ-/ ‘search’, zhigkoaqo- /ʒʲkʼˠaqˠ-/ ‘learn’, swpiènþo- /sʷpʲɜ#θˠ-/ ‘teach’, rsihʈoësohpo- /ʂʲhʈˠɘsˠhpˠ-/ ‘follow’, soṭaṣhto- /sˠtˤasˤhtˠ-/ ‘chase’, rsoqonxo- /ʂˠʔɔᵑǁˠ-/ ‘build’, sogḳèṣqu- /sˠkʼˤɜsˤkʷ-/ ‘burn’, zobhiaswbpi- /zˠbʱʲasʷpʼʲ-/ ‘hit’, ṿezihʈo- /vˤezʲhʈˠ-/ ‘take’, swq̣ẓḍ- /sʷqˤᵊzˤdˤ-/ ‘cut’, wẉïïħgi- /wˤɨːɢʲ-/ ‘hear’, swquërdi- /sʷkʷɘɖʲ-/ ‘know’, gg̣èpho- /ɠˤɜpʰˠ-/ ‘love’, ɴwuʁi- /ɴʷuʁʲ-/ ‘protect’ and zhoquedṭ- /ʒˠkʷetʼˤ-/ ‘possess’
The Adjective
The adjective in Dlar stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Numerals
The numeral in Dlar stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Determiners
In Dlar, the determiner has the following structure: an optional prefix expressing gender, comprising ᵑǁʼoënënr̥o- /ᵑǁʼˠɘ#ːr̥ˠ-/ ‘cl.1’, χwænhtw- /χʷɛ#htʷ-/ ‘cl.2’, phiïr̥w- /pʰʲɨr̥ʷ-/ ‘cl.3’, swthoëëzoʈʼi- /sʷtʰˠɘːzˠʈʼʲ-/ ‘cl.4’, hʈoonħg̣- /hʈˠɔ#ɢˤ-/ ‘cl.5’, liæærsoq̣- /lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-/ ‘cl.6’, zopḥëɹ̣- /zˠpʰˤɘɹˤ-/ ‘cl.7’, d͡ʐiaɻi- /d͡ʐʲaɻʲ-/ ‘cl.8’, rnoahpi- /ɳˠahpʲ-/ ‘cl.9’, ghwèèzitw- /gʱʷɜːzʲtʷ-/ ‘cl.10’, sopoenẓhʈo- /sˠpˠe#zˤhʈˠ-/ ‘cl.11’ and siiigqo- /sʲiːqʼˠ-/ ‘cl.12’ followed by the root.
Pronouns
The pronoun in Dlar stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
In Dlar, both subject and object pronouns are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_verb_obj<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɠˤɜpʰˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/pʰˠ/ + /ᵑǃʷ/ > // + /pʰˠ/<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<flat>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɠˤɜpʰˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɠˤɜpʰˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span></p> + <p>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠˤɜpʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</p> + <p>chiuŕw gg̣èphõẓ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɠˤɜpʰˠ-</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Chiuŕw gg̣èphõẓ. [ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠˤɜpʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ] ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ɠˤɜpʰˠ- love ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ girl “He (the boy) loves her (the girl).” | (2) |
But here, the word corresponding to he is stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_verb_obj<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɠˤɜpʰˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/pʰˠ/ + /ᵑǃʷ/ > // + /pʰˠ/<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɠˤɜpʰˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɠˤɜpʰˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ pʲɔi꜖rˠ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠˤɜpʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo piɔi̠ŕo chiuŕw gg̣èphõẓ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʲɔi꜖rˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɠˤɜpʰˠ-</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo piɔi̠ŕo chiuŕw gg̣èphõẓ. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ pʲɔi꜖rˠ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠˤɜpʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing pʲɔi꜖rˠ 3.sing.cl.12 ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ɠˤɜpʰˠ- love ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ girl “He loves her.” | (3) |
And here, it is the one translated as her that is stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_verb_obj<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɠˤɜpʰˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/pʰˠ/ + /ᵑǃʷ/ > // + /pʰˠ/<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<flat>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɠˤɜpʰˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word>
<thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="ɠˤ ɜ" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> - <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy gloss="love₂" type="nounverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="love₁" type="nounverbderivbef" origposp="verb" underlying="ɠˤ ɜ pʰˠ">ɠˤɜ</thingy> + <word gloss="girl" lexposp="noun" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" underlying="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">pʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɠˤɜpʰˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span></p> + <p>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠˤɜpʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ</p> + <p>chiuŕw gg̣èphõẓ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɠˤɜpʰˠ-</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Chiuŕw gg̣èphõẓ. [ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠˤɜpʰˠᵊ꜔zˤ] ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ɠˤɜpʰˠ- love ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ girl “He loves her.” | (4) |
Proper Nouns
initial XML:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>hate</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>NN1</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>NN2</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>hate</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>NN1</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>NN2</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> +<example id="loveprop" translation="Zahzhged hates Sahkikh."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠɢʷɘʒʲgʱˤe#꜔dˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Sahkikh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʂʲ+kˠ i χʲ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɴʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɗˤ ɔ ɥˠ o ꜒ ɣʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="loveprop" translation="Zahzhged hates Sahkikh.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠɢʷɘʒʲgʱˤe#꜔dˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ# ʒʲ+gʱˤ e## ꜔ dˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ">ʒˠɢʷɘ#ʒʲgʱˤe##꜔dˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="Sahkikh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʂʲ+kˠ i χʲ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɴʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɗˤ ɔ ɥˠ o ꜒ ɣʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="loveprop" translation="Zahzhged hates Sahkikh."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ# ʒʲ+gʱˤ e## ꜔ dˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ">ʒˠɢʷɘ#ʒʲgʱˤe##꜔dˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Sahkikh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʂʲ+kˠ i χʲ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɴʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ# ʒʲ+gʱˤ e## ꜔ dˤ" underlying="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ">ʒˠɢʷɘ#ʒʲgʱˤe##꜔dˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Sahkikh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʂʲ+kˠ i χʲ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɴʲ">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɗˤ ɔ ɥˠ o ꜒ ɣʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɗˤ ɔ ɥˠ o ꜒ ɣʲ">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="loveprop" translation="Zahzhged hates Sahkikh."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ# ʒʲ+gʱˤ e## ꜔ dˤ" underlying="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ">ʒˠɢʷɘ#ʒʲgʱˤe##꜔dˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="Sahkikh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" ph="ʂʲ+kˠ i χʲ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɴʲ">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɗˤ ɔ ɥˠ o ꜒ ɣʲ">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Zahzhged" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes" underlying="ʒˠ+ɢʷ ɘ ʒʲ+gʱˤ e# ꜔ dˤ">ʒˠɢʷɘ#ʒʲgʱˤe##꜔dˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Sahkikh" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" propernoun="yes">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠɢʷɘʒʲgʱˤẽ꜔dˤ</span><br><span class="gls">Zahzhged</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</span><br><span class="gls">Sahkikh</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hate</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤpˤadʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒˠɢʷɘ̃ʒʲgʱˤẽ̃꜔dˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ sˤpˤadʷ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho Zhoħgwënzhigḥen#̃ḍ tẓʈʼo swtiægki siininpḥæn#̃zho Rsikoiχĩ̠ɴi chiuŕw dḍoɥoó̄ği ṣp̣adw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠɢʷɘʒʲgʱˤẽ꜔dˤ</o> + <g>Zahzhged</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ</o> + <g>Sahkikh</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ</o> + <g>hate</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤpˤadʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho Zhoħgwënzhigḥen#̃ḍ tẓʈʼo swtiægki siininpḥæn#̃zho Rsikoiχĩ̠ɴi chiuŕw dḍoɥoó̄ği ṣp̣adw. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒˠɢʷɘ̃ʒʲgʱˤẽ̃꜔dˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ sˤpˤadʷ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʒˠɢʷɘʒʲgʱˤẽ꜔dˤ Zahzhged t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʷtʲɛkʼʲ ACC sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkˠiχʲᵊ꜔꜖ɴʲ Sahkikh ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ɗˤɔɥˠo꜒ɣʲ hate sˤpˤadʷ 3.sing.cl.12.OBJ “Zahzhged hates Sahkikh.” | (5) |
Possession
initial XML:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + </np> </example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> </np> </example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> + <flat> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃˠo#꜔t͡sˤ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃˠo#꜔t͡sˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/htʷ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /htʷ//qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">χʷɛ̃htʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span></p> + <p>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʃˠõ̃꜔t͡sˤ</p> + <p>rsiqiènngw χwæn#htwæn#̃zho rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho shoón#̃tẓ</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>χʷɛ̃htʷ-</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
rsiqiènngw χwæn#htwæn#̃zho rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho shoón#̃tẓ [ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʃˠõ̃꜔t͡sˤ] ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ 3.sing.cl.12.sing χʷɛ̃htʷ- cl.2 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ apple t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ boy “the boy’s apple” | (6) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> + </np> </example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> </np> </example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.2
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> + <flat> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/htʷ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /htʷ/<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">χʷɛ̃htʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12</span></span></p> + <p>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ pʲɔi꜖rˠ</p> + <p>rsiqiènngw χwæn#htwæn#̃zho rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ tẓʈʼo piɔi̠ŕo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>χʷɛ̃htʷ-</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʲɔi꜖rˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
rsiqiènngw χwæn#htwæn#̃zho rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ tẓʈʼo piɔi̠ŕo [ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ pʲɔi꜖rˠ] ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ 3.sing.cl.12.sing χʷɛ̃htʷ- cl.2 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ apple t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing pʲɔi꜖rˠ 3.sing.cl.12 “his (the boy’s) apple” | (7) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing"> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" number="sing"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.2
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> + <flat> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing" ph="zʲ+gʱʲ i pˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zʲgʱʲipˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing" ph="zʲ+gʱʲ i pˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zʲgʱʲipˤ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/htʷ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /htʷ/<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing" ph="zʲ+gʱʲ i pˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zʲgʱʲipˤ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing" ph="zʲ+gʱʲ i pˤ">zʲgʱʲipˤ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing" ph="zʲ+gʱʲ i pˤ">zʲgʱʲipˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.sing">zʲgʱʲipˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.2" possessor="1excl.sing" case="NOM" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʲgʱʲipˤ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">χʷɛ̃htʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span></p> + <p>zʲgʱʲipˤ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ</p> + <p>zighiip̣ χwæn#htwæn#̃zho rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>zʲgʱʲipˤ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>χʷɛ̃htʷ-</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
zighiip̣ χwæn#htwæn#̃zho rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ [zʲgʱʲipˤ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ] zʲgʱʲipˤ 1excl.sing.sing χʷɛ̃htʷ- cl.2 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ apple “my apple” | (8) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kiss</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>neighbour</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kiss</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>neighbour</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> - </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM"> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.12"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </np> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.12"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.12">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.12">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.12"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG" role="subj" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </np> - </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.12"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG" role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- </np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="NOM">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
- </np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.6
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> - <s> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʰʲɔ#꜖꜔θʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="sʲ+ʔ i ʐʲ+tʰˠ e ꜒꜔ fˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵏǀʼˤ ɔ ɭˠ ɔi ꜒꜔ ɬʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʰʲɔ#꜖꜔θʷ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="sʲ+ʔ i ʐʲ+tʰˠ e ꜒꜔ fˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵏǀʼˤ ɔ ɭˠ ɔi ꜒꜔ ɬʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
/ʂˠ+qˤ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ːʂˠqˤ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="sʲ+ʔ i ʐʲ+tʰˠ e ꜒꜔ fˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="sʲ+ʔ i ʐʲ+tʰˠ e ꜒꜔ fˤ">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵏǀʼˤ ɔ ɭˠ ɔi ꜒꜔ ɬʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵏǀʼˤ ɔ ɭˠ ɔi ꜒꜔ ɬʲ">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="sʲ+ʔ i ʐʲ+tʰˠ e ꜒꜔ fˤ">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ᵏǀʼˤ ɔ ɭˠ ɔi ꜒꜔ ɬʲ">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="ERG">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.12">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.6.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tʰʲɔ̃꜖꜔θʷ</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.6</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</span><br><span class="gls">neighbour</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</span><br><span class="gls">kiss</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤpˤadʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɓˠaʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ tʰʲɔ̃̃꜖꜔θʷ zˤpʼʲeːfˠ lʲɛ̃ːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ sˤpˤadʷ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rsiqiènngw siininpḥæn#̃zho rzoḳe̠gg̣ tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi tẓʈʼo bboaʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho thion#̠̃þw ẓbpieefo liænænpḥæn#̃zho siqirzithoē̃f̣ shohʈiædi chiuŕw ᵏǀʼ̣oɭoɔī̃hli ṣp̣adw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</o> + <g>daughter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɓˠaʈʼˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.6.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tʰʲɔ̃꜖꜔θʷ</o> + <g>son</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</o> + <g>2.sing.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-</o> + <g>cl.6</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ</o> + <g>neighbour</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ</o> + <g>kiss</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤpˤadʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rsiqiènngw siininpḥæn#̃zho rzoḳe̠gg̣ tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi tẓʈʼo bboaʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho thion#̠̃þw ẓbpieefo liænænpḥæn#̃zho siqirzithoē̃f̣ shohʈiædi chiuŕw ᵏǀʼ̣oɭoɔī̃hli ṣp̣adw. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɓˠaʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ tʰʲɔ̃̃꜖꜔θʷ zˤpʼʲeːfˠ lʲɛ̃ːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ sˤpˤadʷ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ 3.sing.cl.12.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ daughter t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ hunter t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɓˠaʈʼˠ 3.sing.cl.6.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the tʰʲɔ̃꜖꜔θʷ son zˤpʼʲeːfˠ 2.sing.sing lʲɛːʂˠqˤ- cl.6 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the sʲʔiʐʲtʰˠe꜒꜔fˤ neighbour ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ᵏǀʼˤɔɭˠɔi꜒꜔ɬʲ kiss sˤpˤadʷ 3.sing.cl.12.OBJ “The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.” | (9) |
Derivation
initial XML:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /ʐʲ+dʱˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʒˠhpʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoahpië̠rdi zhohpiænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
tẓʈʼo rnoahpië̠rdi zhohpiænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʒˠhpʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ a ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ lamb “a lamb” | (10) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </example>The adjective 'little' will be incorporated. Resistance is useless.
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</example>module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> + </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /ʐʲ+dʱˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//lʲ/ + /ʒˠ+hpʲ/ > // + /lʲ/
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
tẓʈʼo rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ a ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ- little ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ lamb “a little lamb” | (11) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </s> </example>The adjective 'little' will be incorporated. Resistance is useless.
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<s>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> - <s> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /ʐʲ+dʱˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//lʲ/ + /ʒˠ+hpʲ/ > // + /lʲ/
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb2" translation="She had a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.9">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠuɭˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ ɽˠuɭˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi shohʈiædi chiuŕw rsiqiiĩgi rrouɭo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠuɭˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi shohʈiædi chiuŕw rsiqiiĩgi rrouɭo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ ɽˠuɭˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ a ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ- little ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ lamb ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ have ɽˠuɭˠ 3.sing.cl.9.OBJ “She had a little lamb.” | (12) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>The adjective 'little' will be incorporated. Resistance is useless.
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
submodule transform_adj<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>submodule transform_verb_verb
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+ <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
+ <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
+ <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
+ </word>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- </np>
- </subs>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> </word> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb">
+ <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/>
<thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/>
</word>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> + <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> - </word> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb"/> - <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="r̥ˤ a ɾʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">r̥ˤaɾʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
No change.
applysandhi:
/ɾʲ/ + /ʂʲ+qʲ/ > // + /ɾʲ/<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="r̥ˤ a ɾʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">r̥ˤaɾʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="r̥ˤ a" underlying="r̥ˤ a ɾʲ">r̥ˤa</thingy> + <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɾʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" underlying="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ɾʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" attach="prefix" ph="r̥ˤ a" underlying="r̥ˤ a ɾʲ">r̥ˤa</thingy> - <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ɾʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" underlying="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ɾʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="want₂" type="verbverbderivaft" origposp="verb" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy gloss="want₁" type="verbverbderivbef" origposp="verb" underlying="r̥ˤ a ɾʲ">r̥ˤa</thingy> + <word gloss="have" lexposp="verb" posp="verb" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" underlying="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ɾʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">r̥ˤaɾʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span></p> + <p>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ r̥ˤaɾʲiː꜔ɡʲ</p> + <p>shohʈiædi chiuŕw r̥̣ariiĩgi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>r̥ˤaɾʲ-</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Shohʈiædi chiuŕw r̥̣ariiĩgi. [ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ r̥ˤaɾʲiː꜔ɡʲ] ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ r̥ˤaɾʲ- want ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ have “She wanted to have a little lamb.” | (13) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
<adv>often</adv>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> - <adv>often</adv> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>The adjective 'little' will be incorporated. Resistance is useless.
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <subs>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ </vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
submodule transform_adj
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> - <np role="obj"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> - <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
- <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
- </word>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </np> <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /ʐʲ+dʱˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//lʲ/ + /ʒˠ+hpʲ/ > // + /lʲ/
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb4" translation="She often wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">often</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo shohʈiædi rsiqiiĩgi hmoaχw rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi shohʈiædi chiuŕw ggwo̠kxo choɔĩ̠ngo rsogqoïïʁ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</o> + <g>often</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo shohʈiædi rsiqiiĩgi hmoaχw rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi shohʈiædi chiuŕw ggwo̠kxo choɔĩ̠ngo rsogqoïïʁ̣. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ have m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ a ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ- little ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ lamb ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ want ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ often ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ “She often wanted to have a little lamb.” | (14) |
initial XML:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-state" question="yes" negation="yes">
<verb>be</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>think</verb>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
<adv>often</adv>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <vp tam="pres-state" question="yes" negation="yes"> - <verb>be</verb> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>think</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> - <adv>often</adv> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>The adjective 'little' will be incorporated. Resistance is useless.
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
- <subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <subs>
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ </vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
submodule transform_adj
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> - </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> - </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <subs> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+ <np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np role="obj">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" output="aspron" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
- <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
- <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
- </word>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+ <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+ </word>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> <np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> </subs> </np> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> <np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> </word> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<subs>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
- <np role="obj" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
- <word posp="adv" gloss="often"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
+ <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="think"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
</word>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> - <s> - <np role="obj" case="ACC" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> - <subs> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - </word> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <vp question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɮʲ i ꜖꜔ sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ʃˠ+tʰʷ a ɢʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="ʒˠ+bˤ o# qˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʒˠbˤo#qˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q" ph="zʷ+tʼˤ u kʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zʷtʼˤukʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="sʲ+tʰʷ o ꜖ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word>
- <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ#ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
+ <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word>
<thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word>
<word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
<word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɮʲ i ꜖꜔ sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ʃˠ+tʰʷ a ɢʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="ʒˠ+bˤ o# qˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʒˠbˤo#qˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q" ph="zʷ+tʼˤ u kʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zʷtʼˤukʷ</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="sʲ+tʰʷ o ꜖ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /ʐʲ+dʱˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//lʲ/ + /ʒˠ+hpʲ/ > // + /lʲ/
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː lʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ːlʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">ʒˠhpʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɮʲ i ꜖꜔ sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɮʲ i ꜖꜔ sʲ">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ʃˠ+tʰʷ a ɢʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="ʒˠ+bˤ o# qˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʒˠbˤo#qˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q" ph="zʷ+tʼˤ u kʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zʷtʼˤukʷ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="sʲ+tʰʷ o ꜖ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ʃˠ+tʰʷ a ɢʲ">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="ʒˠ+bˤ o# qˠ">ʒˠbˤo#qˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q" ph="zʷ+tʼˤ u kʷ">zʷtʼˤukʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="sʲ+tʰʷ o ꜖ pˠ">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="lamb5" translation="Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?"> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ iː ꜔ ɡʲ">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="hpʲ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="ʐˠ+dʱʷ i#ː" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" ph="lʲ ɛ# k͡xʷ ɨ##ː ꜔ ɸʲ" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> - <thingy gloss="little₂" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɠʷ ɔ ꜖ k͡xˠ">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> - <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ᵏǀʰˠ ɔi ꜖꜔ ŋˠ">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʲ ɔi ꜖ rˠ">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ɮʲ i ꜖꜔ sʲ">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG" ph="ʃˠ+tʰʷ a ɢʲ">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ" ph="ʒˠ+bˤ o# qˠ">ʒˠbˤo#qˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q" ph="zʷ+tʼˤ u kʷ">zʷtʼˤukʷ</thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="sʲ+tʰʷ o ꜖ pˠ">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">hpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <thingy gloss="little₁" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" underlying="ʐˠ+dʱʷ iː lʲ">ʐˠdʱʷi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" underlying="ʒˠ+hpʲ ɛ k͡xʷ ɨ#ː ꜔ ɸʲ">lʲɛ#k͡xʷɨ##ː꜔ɸʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</word> + <word posp="adv" gloss="often" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.12" gloss="3.sing.cl.12" def="def" tr="theme" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="think" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="NEG">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.SUBJ">ʒˠbˤo#qˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="Q">zʷtʼˤukʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" question="Q" negation="NEG" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="2.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">often</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʲɔi꜖rˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">think</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">NEG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠbˤõqˠ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zʷtʼˤukʷ</span><br><span class="gls">Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ m̥ˠaχʷ pʲɔi꜖rˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ ʒˠbˤõqˠ zʷtʼˤukʷ sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo swtiægki tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo shohʈiædi rsiqiiĩgi hmoaχw rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi shohʈiædi ggwo̠kxo choɔĩ̠ngo rsogqoïïʁ̣ hmoaχw piɔi̠ŕo shohʈiædi ɮiĩ̠si rsogqoïïʁ̣ shothwaħgi zhoḅónqo zwdṭuqu sithwó̠po rsogqoïïʁ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ</o> + <g>have</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ-</o> + <g>little</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ</o> + <g>lamb</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ</o> + <g>want</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ</o> + <g>often</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʲɔi꜖rˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ</o> + <g>think</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ</o> + <g>NEG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠbˤõqˠ</o> + <g>2.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zʷtʼˤukʷ</o> + <g>Q</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ</o> + <g>be</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo swtiægki tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo shohʈiædi rsiqiiĩgi hmoaχw rnoahpië̠rdi rzodhwininliænkxwïn#ː̃ɸi shohʈiædi ggwo̠kxo choɔĩ̠ngo rsogqoïïʁ̣ hmoaχw piɔi̠ŕo shohʈiædi ɮiĩ̠si rsogqoïïʁ̣ shothwaħgi zhoḅónqo zwdṭuqu sithwó̠po rsogqoïïʁ̣? [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠahpʲɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠdʱʷĩːlʲɛ̃k͡xʷɨ̃̃ː꜔ɸʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ m̥ˠaχʷ pʲɔi꜖rˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ ʒˠbˤõqˠ zʷtʼˤukʷ sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʷtʲɛkʼʲ ACC t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ʂʲqʲiː꜔ɡʲ have m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ a ʐˠdʱʷiːlʲ- little ʒˠhpʲɛk͡xʷɨ̃ː꜔ɸʲ lamb ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ɠʷɔ꜖k͡xˠ want ᵏǀʰˠɔi꜖꜔ŋˠ often ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing pʲɔi꜖rˠ 3.sing.cl.12 ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ɮʲi꜖꜔sʲ think ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ NEG ʒˠbˤõqˠ 2.sing.SUBJ zʷtʼˤukʷ Q sʲtʰʷo꜖pˠ be ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ “Are you not one of those who thought that she often wanted to have a little lamb?” | (15) |
Compounding
Verbs
Inflectional Categories
The verbal phrase clitics in Dlar fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing question, comprising zwdṭuqu /zʷtʼˤukʷ/ ‘Q’; second, a clitic expressing indobj, comprising rdhiuudto /ɖʱʲuːtʼˠ/ ‘1incl.sing’, zhiuɸo /ʒʲuɸˠ/ ‘1excl.sing’, rsotḥóli /ʂˠtʰˤolʲ/ ‘2.sing’, soqiitw /sˠqʲitʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.1’, zoʈʼieeqqhi /zˠʈʼʲeːq͡χʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.2’, hloanɴ̣ /ɬˠa#ɴˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.3’, rziphoëngħi /ʐʲpʰˠɘ#ʕʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.4’, nxiëɸo /ᵑǁʲɘɸˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.5’, tziëɸ̣ /t͡sʲɘɸˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.6’, gqoóɹw /qʼˠoɹʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.7’, sihpirsi /sʲhpʲᵊʂʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.8’, zhokḥèwẉ /ʒˠkʰˤɜwˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.9’, þ̣bbi /θˤᵊɓʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.10’, djærdo /t͡ʃɛɖˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.11’, ŕodi /rˠᵊdʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.12’, sitwënënto /sʲtʷɘ#ːtˠ/ ‘1incl.plur’, ddiïïɻo /ɗʲɨːɻˠ/ ‘1excl.plur’, ᵏǁʼiondw /ᵏǁʼʲɔ#dʷ/ ‘2.plur’, rzirdoaagħo /ʐʲɖˠaːʕˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.1’, zhodwïd͡ʐo /ʒˠdʷɨd͡ʐˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.2’, nq̣urso /ᵑǃˤuʂˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.3’, hloexxi /ɬˠexʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.4’, foaalo /fˠaːlˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.5’, rsoquaɹw /ʂˠkʷaɹʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.6’, kièŕo /kʲɜrˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.7’, htwænænṿ /htʷɛ#ːvˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.8’, ṕoifo /p͡fˠifˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.9’, shorthiëëħg̣ /ʃˠʈʰʲɘːɢˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.10’, kḥenddw /kʰˤe#ɗʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.11’ and qqhoħħo /q͡χˠᵊʜˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.12’; third, a clitic expressing subj, comprising ɸiïnïndw /ɸʲɨ#ːdʷ/ ‘1incl.sing’, swisw /sʷisʷ/ ‘1excl.sing’, zhoḅónqo /ʒˠbˤo#qˠ/ ‘2.sing’, swop̣ /sʷɔpˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.2’, ṛ́irzi /rˤiʐʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.3’, rziboènènqw /ʐʲbˠɜ#ːqʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.4’, rzordhiæbi /ʐˠɖʱʲɛbʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.5’, zhiḅrri /ʒʲbˤᵊɽʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.6’, gg̣ónónrni /ɠˤo#ːɳʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.7’, gg̣oþw /ɠˤɔθʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.8’, ᵏǃ̣ææħi /ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.9’, zhip̣óti /ʒʲpˤotʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.10’, shohʈoerno /ʃˠhʈˠeɳˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.11’, chiuŕw /ᵏǀʰʲurʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.12’, hṭir̥w /htˤir̥ʷ/ ‘1incl.plur’, bḥèr̥w /bʱˤɜr̥ʷ/ ‘1excl.plur’, soʈʼiënẉ̈ /sˠʈʼʲɘ#ɰˤ/ ‘2.plur’, ggoṣ /ɠˠᵊsˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.1’, rthoiiŕo /ʈʰˠiːrˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.2’, qqḥuut͡ʂi /q͡χˤuːt͡ʂʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.3’, sidtiaŕi /sʲtʼʲarʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.4’, ɭido /ɭʲᵊdˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.5’, ṣtḥingi /sˤtʰˤi#ɡʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.6’, ddoinbp̣ /ɗˠi#pʼˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.7’, f̣ææʁi /fˤɛːʁʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.8’, voininbbo /vˠi#ːɓˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.9’, sophou /sˠpʰˠu/ ‘3.plur.cl.10’, zwkḥëng̣ /zʷkʰˤɘŋˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.11’ and nwïgqi /nʷɨqʼʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.12’; fourth, a clitic expressing negation, comprising shothwaħgi /ʃˠtʰʷaɢʲ/ ‘NEG’; fifth, a clitic expressing voice, comprising ğwænṕo /ɣʷɛ#p͡fˠ/ ‘passive’; sixth, a clitic expressing mode, comprising khwènsi /xʷɜ#sʲ/ ‘imperative’, ᵏǃʼ̣aaħgw /ᵏǃʼˤaːɢʷ/ ‘conditional’ and hkoeβ̣ /hkˠeβˤ/ ‘optative’; seventh, a clitic expressing ta, comprising shohʈiædi /ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ/ ‘PAST’; and finally, eighth, a clitic expressing obj, comprising jjooɹ̣ /ʄˠɔɹˤ/ ‘1incl.sing’, kxwënënlo /k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ/ ‘1excl.sing’, shodtwëvi /ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ/ ‘2.sing’, xhoananrzi /ᵏǁʰˠa#ːʐʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.1’, shopiami /ʃˠpʲamʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.2’, vounw /vˠunʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.3’, ɭiarni /ɭʲaɳʲ/ ‘3.sing.cl.4’, zoghoadḍ /zˠgʱˠaɗˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.5’, t͡ʂiananχw /t͡ʂʲa#ːχʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.6’, ṿigq̣ /vˤiqʼˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.7’, nq̣eso /ᵑǃˤesˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.8’, rrouɭo /ɽˠuɭˠ/ ‘3.sing.cl.9’, rsogqoïïʁ̣ /ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.10’, zhoódẓ /ʒˠod͡zˤ/ ‘3.sing.cl.11’, ṣp̣adw /sˤpˤadʷ/ ‘3.sing.cl.12’, zigq̣uufi /zʲqʼˤuːfʲ/ ‘1incl.plur’, sibpiinbbi /sʲpʼʲi#ɓʲ/ ‘1excl.plur’, ggwʁi /ɠʷᵊʁʲ/ ‘2.plur’, sotiènènrno /sˠtʲɜ#ːɳˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.1’, zibpourdo /zʲpʼˠuɖˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.2’, rsieɺo /ʂʲeɺˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.3’, gq̣endzi /qʼˤe#d͡zʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.4’, ṣrthiudẓ /sˤʈʰʲud͡zˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.5’, rzoḅiɥi /ʐˠbˤiɥʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.6’, kxoënrro /k͡xˠɘ#ɽˠ/ ‘3.plur.cl.7’, qoïqu /qˠɨkʷ/ ‘3.plur.cl.8’, hṭïɸ̣ /htˤɨɸˤ/ ‘3.plur.cl.9’, hṭiigħi /htˤiːʕʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.10’, ziqoeer̥i /zʲqˠeːr̥ʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.11’ and rzoħgoɸi /ʐˠɢˠᵊɸʲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.12’.
The verb itself does not have any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
The verb displays the following derivational morphology: 19 prefixes, namely rsidtorsikhi- /ʂʲtʼˠᵊʂʲkʰʲ-/ ‘begin’, ddoædto- /ɗˠɛtʼˠ-/ ‘stop’, ᵑǃʼwïnïnṛ́- /ᵑǃʼʷɨ#ːrˤ-/ ‘continue’, sohḳeʛo- /sˠhkˤeʛˠ-/ ‘try’, ᵑǁʼoṕ̣- /ᵑǁʼˠᵊp͡fˤ-/ ‘start’, r̥̣ari- /r̥ˤaɾʲ-/ ‘want’, ᵏǀʼwonṣthw- /ᵏǀʼʷɔ#sˤtʰʷ-/ ‘can’, gkoardho- /kʼˠaɖʱˠ-/ ‘finish’, soquonzhidhi- /sˠkʷɔ#ʒʲdʱʲ-/ ‘need’, rziïnïnɥo- /ʐʲɨ#ːɥˠ-/ ‘decide’, nwinxo- /nʷiᵑǁˠ-/ ‘fail’, ɹiëshohʈo- /ɹʲɘʃˠhʈˠ-/ ‘hope’, kḥuṣṭ- /kʰˤusˤtˤ-/ ‘must’, ggionᵏǃw- /ɠʲɔ#ᵏǃʷ-/ ‘pretend’, swqoaagqw- /sʷqˠaːqʼʷ-/ ‘let’, zhoḅekho- /ʒˠbˤekʰˠ-/ ‘force’, siqoaaẓʈʼi- /sʲqˠaːzˤʈʼʲ-/ ‘keep’, rsodtoëɮi- /ʂˠtʼˠɘɮʲ-/ ‘cause’ and ğwenenrno- /ɣʷe#ːɳˠ-/ ‘allow’
initial XML:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> - <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"> + <flat> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠtʼˤɛ#꜖t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<flat>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠtʼˤɛ#꜖t͡sˤ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<flat>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word>
- <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷisʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtʼˤɛ̃꜖t͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>sʷisʷ sˠtʼˤɛ̃̃꜖t͡sˤ ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</p> + <p>swisw sodṭæn#̠tẓ shodtwëvi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>sʷisʷ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtʼˤɛ̃꜖t͡sˤ</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</o> + <g>2.sing.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Swisw sodṭæn#̠tẓ shodtwëvi. [sʷisʷ sˠtʼˤɛ̃̃꜖t͡sˤ ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ] sʷisʷ 1excl.sing.SUBJ sˠtʼˤɛ̃꜖t͡sˤ love ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ 2.sing.OBJ “I love you.” | (16) |
Adverbs Minor Classes
Adpositions
There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.
initial XML:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>table</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>table</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + </np> + </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
+ </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="LOC" number="sing">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.8
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC"/> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʜˠ ᵊ ꜒꜔ vˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ɡʲ ɨ ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" attach="prefix" ph="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">d͡ʐʲaɻʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ʐˠ+gʱʲ ɜ ꜖꜔ ɸˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<flat>
<word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʜˠ ᵊ ꜒꜔ vˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</word>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ɡʲ ɨ ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" attach="prefix" ph="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">d͡ʐʲaɻʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" attach="prefix" ph="d͡ʐʲ a# ɻʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ">d͡ʐʲa#ɻʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ʐˠ+gʱʲ ɜ ꜖꜔ ɸˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/ɻʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʜˠ ᵊ ꜒꜔ vˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ɡʲ ɨ ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" attach="prefix" ph="d͡ʐʲ a# ɻʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ">d͡ʐʲa#ɻʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ʐˠ+gʱʲ ɜ ꜖꜔ ɸˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʜˠ ᵊ ꜒꜔ vˠ">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ɡʲ ɨ ꜒ ɓˠ">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" attach="prefix" ph="d͡ʐʲ a#" underlying="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ">d͡ʐʲa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ʐˠ+gʱʲ ɜ ꜖꜔ ɸˤ">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="ʜˠ ᵊ ꜒꜔ vˠ">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ɡʲ ɨ ꜒ ɓˠ">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" attach="prefix" ph="d͡ʐʲ a#" underlying="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ">d͡ʐʲa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" ph="ʐˠ+gʱʲ ɜ ꜖꜔ ɸˤ">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</word> + <word gloss="in" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="surface" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.8" underlying="d͡ʐʲ a ɻʲ">d͡ʐʲa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.8" possessor="no.owner" case="LOC">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</span><br><span class="gls">in</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</span><br><span class="gls">surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʐʲaɻʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.8</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</span><br><span class="gls">table</span></span></p> + <p>ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ d͡ʐʲãpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</p> + <p>ħħō̃vo ẉ̈r̥w tẓʈʼo giï̄bbo tẓʈʼo d͡ʐianpḥæn#̃zho rzoghiè̠̃ɸ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ</o> + <g>in</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ</o> + <g>surface</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>d͡ʐʲaɻʲ-</o> + <g>cl.8</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ</o> + <g>table</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ħħō̃vo ẉ̈r̥w tẓʈʼo giï̄bbo tẓʈʼo d͡ʐianpḥæn#̃zho rzoghiè̠̃ɸ̣ [ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ d͡ʐʲãpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ] ʜˠᵊ꜒꜔vˠ in ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ LOC t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɡʲɨ꜒ɓˠ surface t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing d͡ʐʲaɻʲ- cl.8 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʐˠgʱʲɜ꜖꜔ɸˤ table “on the table” | (17) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>box</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>box</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/> + <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT"> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + </np> + </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="DAT">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT">
+ <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
+ </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
<np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" case="DAT" number="sing">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
- </np>
</pp>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.2
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> - <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> - <np def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT"/> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="xʷ aː ꜔ rˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">xʷaː꜔rˤ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ#ː꜖dʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗˠusˠʡʲɔ#꜖꜔ʋˠ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<flat>
<word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="xʷ aː ꜔ rˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">xʷaː꜔rˤ</word>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ#ː꜖dʲ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ##ː ꜖ dʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ##ː꜖dʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗˠusˠʡʲɔ#꜖꜔ʋˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ɗˠ u# sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ ʋˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ">ɗˠu#sˠʡʲɔ##꜖꜔ʋˠ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/htʷ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /htʷ/<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="xʷ aː ꜔ rˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">xʷaː꜔rˤ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ##ː ꜖ dʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ##ː꜖dʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ## htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##htʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ɗˠ u# sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ ʋˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ">ɗˠu#sˠʡʲɔ##꜖꜔ʋˠ</word> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="xʷ aː ꜔ rˤ">xʷaː꜔rˤ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ##ː ꜖ dʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ##ː꜖dʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ɗˠ u# sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ ʋˠ" underlying="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ">ɗˠu#sˠʡʲɔ##꜖꜔ʋˠ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="xʷ aː ꜔ rˤ">xʷaː꜔rˤ</word> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ##ː ꜖ dʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ##ː꜖dʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ##" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="htʷ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" ph="ɗˠ u# sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ ʋˠ" underlying="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ">ɗˠu#sˠʡʲɔ##꜖꜔ʋˠ</word> + <word gloss="to" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">xʷaː꜔rˤ</word> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="inside" def="def" number="sing" gender="cl.4" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" underlying="ʐʲ+ɖʱʲ ɜ#ː ꜖ dʲ">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ##ː꜖dʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">htʷɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" case="DAT" underlying="ɗˠ u sˠ+ʡʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ ʋˠ">ɗˠu#sˠʡʲɔ##꜖꜔ʋˠ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʷaː꜔rˤ</span><br><span class="gls">to</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">DAT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲɖʱʲɜ̃ː꜖dʲ</span><br><span class="gls">inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">χʷɛ̃htʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɗˠusˠʡʲɔ̃꜖꜔ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">box</span></span></p> + <p>xʷaː꜔rˤ ɢˤɛːʜʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʐʲɖʱʲɜ̃̃ː꜖dʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɗˠũsˠʡʲɔ̃̃꜖꜔ʋˠ</p> + <p>khwaãṛ́ ħg̣ææħħi tẓʈʼo rzirdhièn#ː̠di tẓʈʼo χwæn#htwæn#̃zho ddounsoʡion#̠̃wo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>xʷaː꜔rˤ</o> + <g>to</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢˤɛːʜʲ</o> + <g>DAT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲɖʱʲɜ̃ː꜖dʲ</o> + <g>inside</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>χʷɛ̃htʷ-</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɗˠusˠʡʲɔ̃꜖꜔ʋˠ</o> + <g>box</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
khwaãṛ́ ħg̣ææħħi tẓʈʼo rzirdhièn#ː̠di tẓʈʼo χwæn#htwæn#̃zho ddounsoʡion#̠̃wo [xʷaː꜔rˤ ɢˤɛːʜʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʐʲɖʱʲɜ̃̃ː꜖dʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ χʷɛ̃̃htʷɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɗˠũsˠʡʲɔ̃̃꜖꜔ʋˠ] xʷaː꜔rˤ to ɢˤɛːʜʲ DAT t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ʐʲɖʱʲɜ̃ː꜖dʲ inside t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing χʷɛ̃htʷ- cl.2 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ɗˠusˠʡʲɔ̃꜖꜔ʋˠ box “into the box” | (18) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
No change.
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
No change.
module addgender:
No change.
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes:
No change.
flatten:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> - <pp role="comitative"> + <flat> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗʲɨ#ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɗʲɨ#ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> </flat> </example>
applysandhi:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="ɗʲ ɨ##ː htˤ a#i# ꜖꜔ ʛˠ" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC" ph="ɰˤ ᵊ r̥ʷ">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" underlying="ɗʲ ɨ#ː htˤ ai ꜖꜔ ʛˠ">ɗʲɨ##ːhtˤa#i#꜖꜔ʛˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="LOC">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɗʲɨ̃ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">COMIT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">LOC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span></p> + <p>ɗʲɨ̃̃ːhtˤãĩ꜖꜔ʛˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</p> + <p>ddiïn#ːhṭaniñ̠ʛo tẓʈʼo ẉ̈r̥w t͡ʂõ̠ğ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɗʲɨ̃ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ</o> + <g>COMIT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ</o> + <g>LOC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
ddiïn#ːhṭaniñ̠ʛo tẓʈʼo ẉ̈r̥w t͡ʂõ̠ğ̣ [ɗʲɨ̃̃ːhtˤãĩ꜖꜔ʛˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ] ɗʲɨ̃ːhtˤai꜖꜔ʛˠ COMIT t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɰˤᵊr̥ʷ LOC t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ 1excl.sing “with me” | (19) |
Syntax
Basic Clause Structure
Constituent Order
Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.
Dlar has basic Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order. The subject precedes the object, and the verb appears at the end of the clause. This is one of the most frequent patterns cross-linguistically.
The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Dlar.
initial XML:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ" ph="sˤ+pˤ a dʷ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.12">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.OBJ">sˤpˤadʷ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤpˤadʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ sˤpˤadʷ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho ğiizhobp̣ũ̠għi tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi shohʈiædi ᵏǃ̣ææħi sihkwó̄̃tlho ṣp̣adw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</o> + <g>jaguar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</o> + <g>kill</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤpˤadʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho ğiizhobp̣ũ̠għi tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi shohʈiædi ᵏǃ̣ææħi sihkwó̄̃tlho ṣp̣adw. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ sˤpˤadʷ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ jaguar t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ hunter ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ 3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ kill sˤpˤadʷ 3.sing.cl.12.OBJ “The jaguar killed the hunter.” | (20) |
initial XML:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>dog</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>dog</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" case="NOM"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.9">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.9">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" gender="cl.9">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- </np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɨ ꜒꜔ ʡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɨ ꜒꜔ ʡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɨ ꜒꜔ ʡʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɨ ꜒꜔ ʡʲ">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɨ ꜒꜔ ʡʲ">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʐˠ+kˤ e ꜖ ɠˤ">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</span><br><span class="gls">dog</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠuɭˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ ɽˠuɭˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho zhithwódhwèè̠̃rw tẓʈʼo rsiqiènngw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho pḥï̄̃ʡi rsiqiènngw siininpḥæn#̃zho rzoḳe̠gg̣ tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi shohʈiædi ᵏǃ̣ææħi ṣphõ̠do rrouɭo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</o> + <g>lion</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ</o> + <g>dog</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ</o> + <g>daughter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠuɭˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho zhithwódhwèè̠̃rw tẓʈʼo rsiqiènngw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho pḥï̄̃ʡi rsiqiènngw siininpḥæn#̃zho rzoḳe̠gg̣ tẓʈʼo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi shohʈiædi ᵏǃ̣ææħi ṣphõ̠do rrouɭo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ ɽˠuɭˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ lion t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ 3.sing.cl.12.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the pʰˤɨ꜒꜔ʡʲ dog ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ 3.sing.cl.12.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʐˠkˤe꜖ɠˤ daughter t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ hunter ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ 3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ eat ɽˠuɭˠ 3.sing.cl.9.OBJ “The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.” | (21) |
The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.
Noun Phrases
Structure and Order
The internal structure of noun phrases in Dlar reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.
Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Dlar expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.
initial XML:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>friend</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>book</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>friend</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>book</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> </np> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
No change.
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module ngen:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - </np> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + </np> + </np> </example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
</np>
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
No change.
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6"> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> </np> </np> </example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="cl.6" number="sing"> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.6" number="sing" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> - </np> - </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.6
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.6
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> + <flat> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM"/> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="bʱˠ uː kˠ" slots="C V C">bʱˠuːkˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʋˠ iː ꜔꜖ tˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʰʲɔ#꜖꜔θʷ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="bʱˠ uː kˠ" slots="C V C">bʱˠuːkˠ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʋˠ iː ꜔꜖ tˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʰʲɔ#꜖꜔θʷ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/ʂˠ+qˤ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//ʂˠ+qˤ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<flat>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="bʱˠ uː kˠ" slots="C V C">bʱˠuːkˠ</word>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː ʂˠ+qˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ːʂˠqˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʋˠ iː ꜔꜖ tˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</word>
- <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="bʱˠ uː kˠ">bʱˠuːkˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʋˠ iː ꜔꜖ tˤ">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word>
</flat>
</example>
removetags:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing" ph="ɓˠ a ʈʼˠ">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" ph="bʱˠ uː kˠ">bʱˠuːkˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing" ph="ʂʲ+qʲ ɜ# ŋʷ">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" attach="prefix" ph="lʲ ɛ#ː" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" ph="ʋˠ iː ꜔꜖ tˤ">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing" ph="zˤ+pʼʲ eː fˠ">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" ph="tʰʲ ɔ## ꜖꜔ θʷ" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.6.sing">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.6" case="NOM">bʱˠuːkˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.sing">ʂʲqʲɜ#ŋʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.6" underlying="lʲ ɛː ʂˠ+qˤ">lʲɛ#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" possessor="3.sing.cl.12" case="NOM">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="2.sing.sing">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.12" possessor="2.sing" case="NOM" underlying="tʰʲ ɔ# ꜖꜔ θʷ">tʰʲɔ##꜖꜔θʷ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɓˠaʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.6.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.6</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bʱˠuːkˠ</span><br><span class="gls">book</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.6</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</span><br><span class="gls">friend</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tʰʲɔ̃꜖꜔θʷ</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span></p> + <p>ɓˠaʈʼˠ lʲɛ̃ːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ bʱˠuːkˠ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ lʲɛ̃ːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ zˤpʼʲeːfˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ tʰʲɔ̃̃꜖꜔θʷ</p> + <p>bboaʈʼo liænænpḥæn#̃zho bhouuko rsiqiènngw liænænpḥæn#̃zho woiĩ̠ṭ ẓbpieefo siininpḥæn#̃zho thion#̠̃þw</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>ɓˠaʈʼˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.6.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-</o> + <g>cl.6</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bʱˠuːkˠ</o> + <g>book</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>lʲɛːʂˠqˤ-</o> + <g>cl.6</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ</o> + <g>friend</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˤpʼʲeːfˠ</o> + <g>2.sing.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tʰʲɔ̃꜖꜔θʷ</o> + <g>son</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
bboaʈʼo liænænpḥæn#̃zho bhouuko rsiqiènngw liænænpḥæn#̃zho woiĩ̠ṭ ẓbpieefo siininpḥæn#̃zho thion#̠̃þw [ɓˠaʈʼˠ lʲɛ̃ːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ bʱˠuːkˠ ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ lʲɛ̃ːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ zˤpʼʲeːfˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ tʰʲɔ̃̃꜖꜔θʷ] ɓˠaʈʼˠ 3.sing.cl.6.sing lʲɛːʂˠqˤ- cl.6 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the bʱˠuːkˠ book ʂʲqʲɜ̃ŋʷ 3.sing.cl.12.sing lʲɛːʂˠqˤ- cl.6 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʋˠiː꜔꜖tˤ friend zˤpʼʲeːfˠ 2.sing.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the tʰʲɔ̃꜖꜔θʷ son “your son’s friend’s book” | (22) |
Case Marking
Dlar uses split case marking. In the present tense, the grammar follows a nominative–accusative pattern, where intransitive and transitive subjects are treated alike and objects are marked with the accusative. In the past tense, however, it follows an ergative–absolutive pattern, here called ergative–nominative, where intransitive subjects and transitive objects are treated alike and transitive subjects are marked with the ergative. This makes sense because present-tense clauses often describe events as ongoing, habitual or controlled by an active participant, so the grammar treats the subject as the central argument. Past-tense clauses, by contrast, often present an event as completed, making the affected participant especially salient. The ergative marking then singles out the transitive agent as the additional participant responsible for bringing about that result.
initial XML:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<verb>sleep</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-state"> - <verb>sleep</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hpˤ au ꜔ ɹˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hpˤ au ꜔ ɹˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hpˤ au ꜔ ɹˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hpˤ au ꜔ ɹˠ">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hpˤ au ꜔ ɹˠ">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</span><br><span class="gls">sleep</span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw ᵏǃ̣ææħi sihp̣aũɹo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ</o> + <g>sleep</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw ᵏǃ̣ææħi sihp̣aũɹo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ 3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ sʲhpˤau꜔ɹˠ sleep “The cat is sleeping.” | (23) |
initial XML:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont">
<verb>run</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont"> - <verb>run</verb> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+ <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="χˠ eː ꜖꜔ ɥʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="χˠ eː ꜖꜔ ɥʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="χˠ eː ꜖꜔ ɥʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="χˠ eː ꜖꜔ ɥʲ">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="χˠ eː ꜖꜔ ɥʲ">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</span><br><span class="gls">run</span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw ᵏǃ̣ææħi χoeẽ̠ɥi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ</o> + <g>run</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw ᵏǃ̣ææħi χoeẽ̠ɥi. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ 3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ χˠeː꜖꜔ɥʲ run “The cat is running.” | (24) |
initial XML:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont">
<verb>chase</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont"> - <verb>chase</verb> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q"> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
- <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+ <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="zˤ+tˤ ɛ ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɨː ꜖꜔ ʐʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="zˤ+tˤ ɛ ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɨː ꜖꜔ ʐʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="zˤ+tˤ ɛ ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɨː ꜖꜔ ʐʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="zˤ+tˤ ɛ ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɨː ꜖꜔ ʐʲ">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="zˤ+tˤ ɛ ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɨː ꜖꜔ ʐʲ">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</span><br><span class="gls">chase</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠuɭˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ ɽˠuɭˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw tẓʈʼo swtiægki rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo ᵏǃ̣ææħi ẓṭæzhigoïï̠̃rzi rrouɭo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ</o> + <g>chase</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠuɭˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw tẓʈʼo swtiægki rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo ᵏǃ̣ææħi ẓṭæzhigoïï̠̃rzi rrouɭo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ ɽˠuɭˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʷtʲɛkʼʲ ACC ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ mouse ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ 3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ zˤtˤɛʒʲɡˠɨː꜖꜔ʐʲ chase ɽˠuɭˠ 3.sing.cl.9.OBJ “The cat is chasing the mouse.” | (25) |
initial XML:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> - <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǃˤ ɛː ħʲ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.9" obj="3.sing.cl.9">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠuɭˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ɽˠuɭˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi ᵏǃ̣ææħi zhigoōğ̣ rrouɭo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠuɭˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi ᵏǃ̣ææħi zhigoōğ̣ rrouɭo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ɽˠuɭˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ mouse ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǃˤɛːħʲ 3.sing.cl.9.SUBJ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ catch ɽˠuɭˠ 3.sing.cl.9.OBJ “The cat caught the mouse.” | (26) |
Conjunctions
Here is an example of a conjunction.
initial XML:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>tiger</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>tiger</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flattenconjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʁʲiːsˠʡʲɜ#꜒꜔j</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9.OBJ" ph="htˤ ɨ ɸˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">htˤɨɸˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʁʲiːsˠʡʲɜ#꜒꜔j</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʁʲ i#ː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ## ꜒꜔ j" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j">ʁʲi#ːsˠʡʲɜ##꜒꜔j</word>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9.OBJ" ph="htˤ ɨ ɸˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">htˤɨɸˤ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʁʲ i#ː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ## ꜒꜔ j" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j">ʁʲi#ːsˠʡʲɜ##꜒꜔j</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʁʲ i#ː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ## ꜒꜔ j" underlying="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j">ʁʲi#ːsˠʡʲɜ##꜒꜔j</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9.OBJ" ph="htˤ ɨ ɸˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">htˤɨɸˤ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9.OBJ" ph="htˤ ɨ ɸˤ">htˤɨɸˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="dʱˠ ᵊ qʷ ɘ ꜒ ʁʲ">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ɣʲ i ʒˠ+pʼˤ u ꜔꜖ ʕʲ">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʁʲ i#ː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ## ꜒꜔ j" underlying="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j">ʁʲi#ːsˠʡʲɜ##꜒꜔j</word> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="ʒˠ+htʷ a ꜒ ɓˠ">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur" ph="sˠ+kʰʲ i# r̥ˠ">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" ph="ʒʲ+tʰʷ o dʱʷ ɜː ꜖꜔ ɾʷ">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9" ph="sʲ+hkʷ o ꜒꜔ tɬˠ">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9.OBJ" ph="htˤ ɨ ɸˤ">htˤɨɸˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" underlying="ʁʲ iː sˠ+ʡʲ ɜ# ꜒꜔ j">ʁʲi#ːsˠʡʲɜ##꜒꜔j</word> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.plur">sˠkʰʲi#r̥ˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.plur.cl.9">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.plur.cl.9.OBJ">htˤɨɸˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʁʲiːsˠʡʲɜ̃꜒꜔j</span><br><span class="gls">tiger</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.plur</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">htˤɨɸˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʁʲĩːsˠʡʲɜ̃̃꜒꜔j ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ htˤɨɸˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi sokhiinr̥o sokhiinr̥o rnoanhpiæn#̃zho ğiizhobp̣ũ̠għi zhohtwābbo sokhiinr̥o rnoanhpiæn#̃zho ʁiininsoʡièn#̄̃y zhohtwābbo sokhiinr̥o rnoanhpiæn#̃zho zhithwódhwèè̠̃rw shohʈiædi chiuŕw sihkwó̄̃tlho hṭïɸ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ</o> + <g>hunter</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ</o> + <g>jaguar</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʁʲiːsˠʡʲɜ̃꜒꜔j</o> + <g>tiger</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ</o> + <g>and</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.plur</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ</o> + <g>lion</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ</o> + <g>kill</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>htˤɨɸˤ</o> + <g>3.plur.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo siininpḥæn#̃zho dhoqwë̄ʁi sokhiinr̥o sokhiinr̥o rnoanhpiæn#̃zho ğiizhobp̣ũ̠għi zhohtwābbo sokhiinr̥o rnoanhpiæn#̃zho ʁiininsoʡièn#̄̃y zhohtwābbo sokhiinr̥o rnoanhpiæn#̃zho zhithwódhwèè̠̃rw shohʈiædi chiuŕw sihkwó̄̃tlho hṭïɸ̣. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʁʲĩːsˠʡʲɜ̃̃꜒꜔j ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ htˤɨɸˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the dʱˠᵊqʷɘ꜒ʁʲ hunter sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ no.owner.plur sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ no.owner.plur ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ɣʲiʒˠpʼˤu꜔꜖ʕʲ jaguar ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ and sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ no.owner.plur ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʁʲiːsˠʡʲɜ̃꜒꜔j tiger ʒˠhtʷa꜒ɓˠ and sˠkʰʲĩr̥ˠ no.owner.plur ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʒʲtʰʷodʱʷɜː꜖꜔ɾʷ lion ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ sʲhkʷo꜒꜔tɬˠ kill htˤɨɸˤ 3.plur.cl.9.OBJ “The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.” | (27) |
Modifiers and Determiners
The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Dlar provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.
Complex Sentences
Relative Clauses
Dlar forms relative clauses by using a head-internal strategy. The head noun appears inside the clause itself, occupying its regular syntactic position. The entire clause functions as a modifier, and its external syntactic behaviour is identical to that of a noun-modifying phrase.
To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:
initial XML:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
No change.
tva1tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.9">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷisʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠuɭˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ ɽˠuɭˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ rrouɭo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷisʷ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠuɭˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ rrouɭo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ ɽˠuɭˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST sʷisʷ 1excl.sing.SUBJ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ pat ɽˠuɭˠ 3.sing.cl.9.OBJ “I patted the cat.” | (28) |
We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:
initial XML:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> - <s> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ" ph="ɽˠ u ɭˠ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.9" possessor="no.owner" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.9">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.9.OBJ">ɽˠuɭˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠuɭˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.9.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷisʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ɽˠuɭˠ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi zhigoōğ̣ rrouɭo hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɽˠuɭˠ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.9.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷisʷ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi zhigoōğ̣ rrouɭo hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ɽˠuɭˠ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ mouse ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ catch ɽˠuɭˠ 3.sing.cl.9.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST sʷisʷ 1excl.sing.SUBJ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ pat ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ “I patted the cat that caught the mouse.” | (29) |
Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:
initial XML:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.5
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> - <s> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">hʈˠɔ#ɢˤ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">hʈˠɔ#ɢˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ## ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##ɢˤ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/ɢˤ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ## ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##ɢˤ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ##" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ##" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ" ph="ʂˠ+qʼˠ ɨː ʁˤ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.10">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.cl.10">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.OBJ">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hʈˠɔ̃ɢˤ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.5.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷisʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ hʈˠɔ̃̃pʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ zˠgʱˠaɗˤ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo hʈoon#pḥæn#̃zho ɴ̣èèsohtiæǣpi shohʈiædi ṣphõ̠do zoghoadḍ hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi zhigoōğ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣ hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hʈˠɔ̃ɢˤ-</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</o> + <g>cheese</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.5.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷisʷ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo hʈoon#pḥæn#̃zho ɴ̣èèsohtiæǣpi shohʈiædi ṣphõ̠do zoghoadḍ hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi zhigoōğ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣ hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ rsogqoïïʁ̣. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ hʈˠɔ̃̃pʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ zˠgʱˠaɗˤ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing hʈˠɔ̃ɢˤ- cl.5 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ cheese ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ eat zˠgʱˠaɗˤ 3.sing.cl.5.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ mouse ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ catch ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST sʷisʷ 1excl.sing.SUBJ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ pat ʂˠqʼˠɨːʁˤ 3.sing.cl.10.OBJ “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.” | (30) |
Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:
initial XML:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>buy</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>buy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="obj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np role="obj" case="NOM">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np role="owner" number="sing">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> + <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> - </np> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <subs> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <subs> <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> </s> </example>
addclitics:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> - <np role="obj" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.9" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.5
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.9
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> - <s> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">hʈˠɔ#ɢˤ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɮˠɔ#꜒꜔pˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">hʈˠɔ#ɢˤ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ## ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##ɢˤ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ɮˠɔ#꜒꜔pˠ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="ɮˠ ɔ## ꜒꜔ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ">ɮˠɔ##꜒꜔pˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">wˤɨgʱʷɔ#ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">ɳˠahpʲ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/ɢˤ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
/hpʲ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /hpʲ/
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ## ɢˤ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##ɢˤ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ##" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="ɮˠ ɔ## ꜒꜔ pˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ">ɮˠɔ##꜒꜔pˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="ɮˠ ɔ## ꜒꜔ pˠ" underlying="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ">ɮˠɔ##꜒꜔pˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a# hpʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#hpʲ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" attach="prefix" ph="hʈˠ ɔ##" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" ph="ɴˤ ɜː sˠ+htʲ ɛː ꜒ pʲ">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" ph="ɮˠ ɔ## ꜒꜔ pˠ" underlying="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ">ɮˠɔ##꜒꜔pˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ" ph="zˠ+gʱˠ a ɗˤ">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="sˤ+pʰˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ dˠ">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="wˤ ɨ# gʱʷ ɔ##ː ꜒ ɴˠ" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing" ph="ʒʲ+ɡˠ ɔ ꜒ ɣˤ">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" attach="prefix" ph="ɳˠ a#" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="hpʲ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" ph="ʂʲ+kʼʷ aː ꜖ ɡʷ">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="sʷ i sʷ">sʷisʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="t͡ʃ aː ʃʲ+hkʷ oː ꜔ ɴˤ">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.5" underlying="hʈˠ ɔ# ɢˤ">hʈˠɔ##</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.5" possessor="no.owner">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.5" underlying="ɮˠ ɔ# ꜒꜔ pˠ">ɮˠɔ##꜒꜔pˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.5.OBJ">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" underlying="wˤ ɨ gʱʷ ɔ#ː ꜒ ɴˠ">wˤɨ#gʱʷɔ##ː꜒ɴˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="1excl.sing">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.9" underlying="ɳˠ a hpʲ">ɳˠa#</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">hpʲɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.9" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" person="1excl">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">sʷisʷ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="1excl.sing">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">hʈˠɔ̃ɢˤ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.5</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɮˠɔ̃꜒꜔pˠ</span><br><span class="gls">buy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.5.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɳˠahpʲ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.9</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷisʷ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ hʈˠɔ̃̃pʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ɮˠɔ̃̃꜒꜔pˠ zˠgʱˠaɗˤ m̥ˠaχʷ t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo hʈoon#pḥæn#̃zho ɴ̣èèsohtiæǣpi shohʈiædi ɮoon#̄̃po zoghoadḍ hmoaχw t͡ʂõ̠ğ̣ shohʈiædi ṣphõ̠do kxwënënlo hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi zhigoōğ̣ kxwënënlo hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ kxwënënlo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>hʈˠɔ̃ɢˤ-</o> + <g>cl.5</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ</o> + <g>cheese</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɮˠɔ̃꜒꜔pˠ</o> + <g>buy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>zˠgʱˠaɗˤ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.5.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ</o> + <g>eat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ</o> + <g>mouse</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ</o> + <g>catch</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɳˠahpʲ-</o> + <g>cl.9</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ</o> + <g>cat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷisʷ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ</o> + <g>pat</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo hʈoon#pḥæn#̃zho ɴ̣èèsohtiæǣpi shohʈiædi ɮoon#̄̃po zoghoadḍ hmoaχw t͡ʂõ̠ğ̣ shohʈiædi ṣphõ̠do kxwënënlo hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho wẉïnghwon#ː̄ɴo shohʈiædi zhigoōğ̣ kxwënënlo hmoaχw rnoanhpiæn#̃zho rsigquaa̠gw shohʈiædi swisw djaashihkwóó̃ɴ̣ kxwënënlo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ hʈˠɔ̃̃pʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ɮˠɔ̃̃꜒꜔pˠ zˠgʱˠaɗˤ m̥ˠaχʷ t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ wˤɨ̃gʱʷɔ̃̃ː꜒ɴˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ m̥ˠaχʷ ɳˠãhpʲɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ sʷisʷ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing hʈˠɔ̃ɢˤ- cl.5 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ɴˤɜːsˠhtʲɛː꜒pʲ cheese ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ɮˠɔ̃꜒꜔pˠ buy zˠgʱˠaɗˤ 3.sing.cl.5.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ 1excl.sing ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST sˤpʰˠᵊ꜔꜖dˠ eat k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ 1excl.sing.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the wˤɨgʱʷɔ̃ː꜒ɴˠ mouse ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ʒʲɡˠɔ꜒ɣˤ catch k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ 1excl.sing.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing ɳˠahpʲ- cl.9 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʂʲkʼʷaː꜖ɡʷ cat ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST sʷisʷ 1excl.sing.SUBJ t͡ʃaːʃʲhkʷoː꜔ɴˤ pat k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ 1excl.sing.OBJ “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.” | (31) |
Complementation Strategies
Dlar forms complement clauses by nominalising the embedded verb. The nominalised form lacks finite verbal categories and behaves as a noun phrase. Subjects of nominalised clauses occur in the genitive case, and the nominalised verb establishes the semantic content of the complement.
The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:
initial XML:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>surprise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>give</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
<noun>teacher</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>surprise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>give</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj"> - <noun>teacher</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> - </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> - </vp> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> + </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2"> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
+ <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="ERG" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG" role="subj" possessor="no.owner"> <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <subs> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/> </vp> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> </np> - </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.12" number="sing" case="ERG" role="subj" possessor="no.owner">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- </np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/optional
Got cl.2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> - <s> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2"/> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10"/> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="ʃʲ+pʰˠ ɜ ꜔ tˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+pʲ a mʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠpʲamʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃˠo#꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="bʱˤ iː t͡ʃ ɘː lˠ" slots="C V C V C">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ" ph="ʒʲ+pˤ o tʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʒʲpˤotʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʃʲ+tʷ ɘ ɽˠ i ꜖ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy>
<word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʐˠhtˠɨjo#꜒ɹˤ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="ʃʲ+pʰˠ ɜ ꜔ tˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+pʲ a mʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠpʲamʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃˠo#꜔t͡sˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="bʱˤ iː t͡ʃ ɘː lˠ" slots="C V C V C">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ" ph="ʒʲ+pˤ o tʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʒʲpˤotʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʃʲ+tʷ ɘ ɽˠ i ꜖ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</word>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//htʷ/ + /ʐʲ+dʱˤ/ > // + /htʷ/
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ# htʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">χʷɛ#htʷ</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ#" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ#</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="htʷ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">htʷɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="ʃʲ+pʰˠ ɜ ꜔ tˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+pʲ a mʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠpʲamʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="bʱˤ iː t͡ʃ ɘː lˠ" slots="C V C V C">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="ʃʲ+pʰˠ ɜ ꜔ tˠ">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+pʲ a mʲ">ʃˠpʲamʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="bʱˤ iː t͡ʃ ɘː lˠ">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ" ph="ʒʲ+pˤ o tʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʒʲpˤotʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ" ph="ʒʲ+pˤ o tʲ">ʒʲpˤotʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʃʲ+tʷ ɘ ɽˠ i ꜖ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cfr">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʃʲ+tʷ ɘ ɽˠ i ꜖ t͡sʲ">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</word> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" attach="prefix" ph="χʷ ɛ#" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ#</thingy> - <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="htʷ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">htʷɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ# j o## ꜒ ɹˤ" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="ʃʲ+pʰˠ ɜ ꜔ tˠ">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+pʲ a mʲ">ʃˠpʲamʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="bʱˤ iː t͡ʃ ɘː lˠ">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ" ph="ʒʲ+pˤ o tʲ">ʒʲpˤotʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" ph="ʃʲ+tʷ ɘ ɽˠ i ꜖ t͡sʲ">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.2" underlying="χʷ ɛ# htʷ">χʷɛ#</thingy> + <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʐʲ+dʱˤ ɘ ꜖ ɖʲ">htʷɘ꜖ɖʲ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="cl.2" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʐˠ+htˠ ɨ j o# ꜒ ɹˤ">ʐˠhtˠɨ#jo##꜒ɹˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="3.sing.cl.2">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.OBJ">ʃˠpʲamʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="owned" locus="number" gender="cl.12" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="ERG" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ">ʒʲpˤotʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.10" indobj="3.sing.cl.12">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</word> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">DAT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">χʷɛ̃htʷ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.2</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</span><br><span class="gls">a</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rˠᵊdʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">INDOBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</span><br><span class="gls">give</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠpʲamʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.2.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">DAT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</span><br><span class="gls">teacher</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲpˤotʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rˠᵊdʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">INDOBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">surprise</span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɢˤɛːʜʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ χʷɛ̃htʷɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ rˠᵊdʲ ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ ʃˠpʲamʲ m̥ˠaχʷ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʃˠõ̃꜔t͡sˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɢˤɛːʜʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲpˤotʲ rˠᵊdʲ ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo ħg̣ææħħi siininpḥæn#̃zho nqw̃ẓ tẓʈʼo χwænhtwë̠rdi rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ shohʈiædi ŕodi shiphoè̃to shopiami hmoaχw siininpḥæn#̃zho shoón#̃tẓ tẓʈʼo ħg̣ææħħi siininpḥæn#̃zho bḥiidjëëlo shohʈiædi zhip̣óti ŕodi shitwërroi̠tzi</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢˤɛːʜʲ</o> + <g>DAT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>χʷɛ̃htʷ-</o> + <g>cl.2</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ</o> + <g>a</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ</o> + <g>apple</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>rˠᵊdʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ</o> + <g>give</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠpʲamʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.2.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢˤɛːʜʲ</o> + <g>DAT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ</o> + <g>teacher</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʒʲpˤotʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>rˠᵊdʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ</o> + <g>surprise</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo ħg̣ææħħi siininpḥæn#̃zho nqw̃ẓ tẓʈʼo χwænhtwë̠rdi rzohtoïnyón#̄ɹ̣ shohʈiædi ŕodi shiphoè̃to shopiami hmoaχw siininpḥæn#̃zho shoón#̃tẓ tẓʈʼo ħg̣ææħħi siininpḥæn#̃zho bḥiidjëëlo shohʈiædi zhip̣óti ŕodi shitwërroi̠tzi. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɢˤɛːʜʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ χʷɛ̃htʷɘ꜖ɖʲ ʐˠhtˠɨ̃jõ̃꜒ɹˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ rˠᵊdʲ ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ ʃˠpʲamʲ m̥ˠaχʷ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʃˠõ̃꜔t͡sˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɢˤɛːʜʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ʒʲpˤotʲ rˠᵊdʲ ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɢˤɛːʜʲ DAT sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ girl t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing χʷɛ̃htʷ- cl.2 ʐʲdʱˤɘ꜖ɖʲ a ʐˠhtˠɨjõ꜒ɹˤ apple ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST rˠᵊdʲ 3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ ʃʲpʰˠɜ꜔tˠ give ʃˠpʲamʲ 3.sing.cl.2.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ boy t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɢˤɛːʜʲ DAT sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the bʱˤiːt͡ʃɘːlˠ teacher ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ʒʲpˤotʲ 3.sing.cl.10.SUBJ rˠᵊdʲ 3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ ʃʲtʷɘɽˠi꜖t͡sʲ surprise “It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.” | (32) |
Quotes
Dlar expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.
Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:
initial XML:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>tell</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>tell</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module adj2verb:
No change.
module articles:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic:
No change.
module embed:
No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
No change.
module nominalise:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+ <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ </np>
+ <np role="owner" number="sing">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
+ </np>
+ </np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
tva1tva2
tva1
tva2
module affixdensity:
No change.
module adpositions:
No change.
module constorder:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> + </vp> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="owner" number="sing"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module addgender:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> <subs> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
No change.
module simplifynumber:
No change.
createpronouns:
No change.
module markowned:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10"> + <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> </subs> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
+ </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
No change.
flattenconjp:
No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<subs>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing">
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
prodrop:
No change.
addclitics:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing">
- <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
+ <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM">
+ <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing">
+ <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
+ <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+ <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
propagateArgumentCase:
No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" number="sing" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM">
+ <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
- <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.10" number="sing" case="NOM" role="obj" tr="rheme" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM">
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
</np>
- </np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
+ <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12"/>
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
addaffixes:
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optionalGot cl.12
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/optional
Got cl.12
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<s>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/>
<np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2" case="NOM">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<subs>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/>
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/>
</vp>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" tr="rheme">
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing">
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing"/>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> - <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <np role="owner" number="sing" gender="cl.10" possessor="no.owner" person="2" case="NOM"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <subs> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> - </vp> - </subs> - </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" person="1excl" case="NOM" gender="cl.10" tr="rheme"> <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing"> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing"/> <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT"/> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing"/> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC"/> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing"/> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing"/> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme"/> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12"/> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing"/> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃˠo#꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" ph="tʼʷ ɔ ꜒꜔ ʛʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠtʼˤɛ#꜖t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" ph="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">xʲɨ#ː꜒t͡sʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
<flat>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ʃˠo#꜔t͡sˤ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy>
- <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ iː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir">sʲiːqʼˠ</thingy>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">pʰˤɛ#꜔ʒˠ</word>
+ <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy>
<thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy>
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" ph="tʼʷ ɔ ꜒꜔ ʛʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">sˠtʼˤɛ#꜖t͡sˤ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy>
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word>
<thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
<thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy>
<thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy>
- <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" ph="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">xʲɨ#ː꜒t͡sʲ</word>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" ph="xʲ ɨ##ː ꜒ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ">xʲɨ##ː꜒t͡sʲ</word>
<thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy>
</flat>
</example>
applysandhi:
/qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ//qʼˠ/ + /pʰˤ/ > // + /pʰˤ/
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː qʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cir" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ːqʼˠ</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" ph="tʼʷ ɔ ꜒꜔ ʛʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" ph="tʼʷ ɔ ꜒꜔ ʛʲ">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</word> <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ" slots="Cip V2 Cfp">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" ph="xʲ ɨ##ː ꜒ t͡sʲ" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cfr" underlying="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ">xʲɨ##ː꜒t͡sʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ" slots="Cis V2 Cfs">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" ph="xʲ ɨ##ː ꜒ t͡sʲ" underlying="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ">xʲɨ##ː꜒t͡sʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> </flat> </example>
removetags:
<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her."> <flat> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG" ph="sˤ+kʰˤ ɘ mˠ">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ʃˠ o## ꜔ t͡sˤ" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="ɢˤ ɛː ʜʲ">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" attach="prefix" ph="sʲ i#ː" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="pʰˤ ɛ## ꜔ ʒˠ" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" ph="ᵑǃʷ ᵊ ꜔ zˤ">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="NOM" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing" ph="t͡sˤ ᵊ ʈʼˠ">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> - <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC" ph="sʷ+tʲ ɛ kʼʲ">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" ph="tʼʷ ɔ ꜒꜔ ʛʲ">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" ph="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ## ꜖ t͡sˤ" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ" ph="ʃˠ+tʼʷ ɘ vʲ">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing" ph="m̥ˠ a χʷ">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme" ph="t͡ʂˠ ᵊ ꜔꜖ ɣˤ">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> - <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="ʃˠ+hʈʲ ɛ dʲ">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ" ph="ᵏǀʰʲ u rʷ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ" ph="rˠ ᵊ dʲ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> - <thingy type="vpquestion" function="proclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cip V2 Cfp"></thingy> - <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" ph="xʲ ɨ##ː ꜒ t͡sʲ" underlying="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ">xʲɨ##ː꜒t͡sʲ</word> - <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ" ph="k͡xʷ ɘ#ː lˠ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ERG">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ERG" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="ʃˠ o# ꜔ t͡sˤ">ʃˠo##꜔t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="DAT">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="cl.12" underlying="sʲ iː qʼˠ">sʲi#ː</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner" underlying="pʰˤ ɛ# ꜔ ʒˠ">pʰˤɛ##꜔ʒˠ</word> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.12" possessor="no.owner">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</word> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="no.owner.sing">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</thingy> + <thingy type="npcase" function="proclitic" gloss="ACC">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</thingy> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" underlying="sˠ+tʼˤ ɛ# ꜖ t͡sˤ">sˠtʼˤɛ##꜖t͡sˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="2.sing.OBJ">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="nppossessor.number" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.10.sing">m̥ˠaχʷ</thingy> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.12" def="neither" role="owned" locus="number" possessor="3.sing.cl.10" case="NOM" tr="rheme">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</word> + <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</thingy> + <thingy type="vpindobj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ">rˠᵊdʲ</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.12" indobj="3.sing.cl.12" obj="1excl.sing" underlying="xʲ ɨ#ː ꜒ t͡sʲ">xʲɨ##ː꜒t͡sʲ</word> + <thingy type="vpobj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.OBJ">k͡xʷɘ#ːlˠ</thingy> </flat> + <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ERG</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɢˤɛːʜʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">DAT</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲiːqʼˠ-</span><br><span class="gls">cl.12</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">ACC</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠtʼˤɛ̃꜖t͡sˤ</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</span><br><span class="gls">2.sing.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">m̥ˠaχʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.10.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</span><br><span class="gls"><span class="glssc">PAST</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">SUBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rˠᵊdʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.sing.cl.12.<span class="glssc">INDOBJ</span></span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">xʲɨ̃ː꜒t͡sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">tell</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.sing.<span class="glssc">OBJ</span></span></span></p> + <p>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʃˠõ̃꜔t͡sˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɢˤɛːʜʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ sˠtʼˤɛ̃̃꜖t͡sˤ ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ m̥ˠaχʷ t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ rˠᵊdʲ xʲɨ̃̃ː꜒t͡sʲ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</p> + <p>tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo siininpḥæn#̃zho shoón#̃tẓ tẓʈʼo ħg̣ææħħi siininpḥæn#̃zho nqw̃ẓ tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo swtiægki dtwō̃ʛi sodṭæn#̠tẓ shodtwëvi hmoaχw t͡ʂõ̠ğ̣ shohʈiædi chiuŕw ŕodi xxiïn#ː̄tzi kxwënënlo</p> + <il> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˤkʰˤɘmˠ</o> + <g>ERG</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ</o> + <g>boy</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ɢˤɛːʜʲ</o> + <g>DAT</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʲiːqʼˠ-</o> + <g>cl.12</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ</o> + <g>the</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ</o> + <g>girl</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ</o> + <g>no.owner.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sʷtʲɛkʼʲ</o> + <g>ACC</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ</o> + <g>2.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>sˠtʼˤɛ̃꜖t͡sˤ</o> + <g>love</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ</o> + <g>2.sing.OBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>m̥ˠaχʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.10.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ</o> + <g>1excl.sing</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ</o> + <g>PAST</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>ᵏǀʰʲurʷ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>rˠᵊdʲ</o> + <g>3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>xʲɨ̃ː꜒t͡sʲ</o> + <g>tell</g> + </w> + <w> + <o>k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ</o> + <g>1excl.sing.OBJ</g> + </w> + </il> </example>
Tẓʈʼo ṣkḥëmo siininpḥæn#̃zho shoón#̃tẓ tẓʈʼo ħg̣ææħħi siininpḥæn#̃zho nqw̃ẓ tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo tẓʈʼo swtiægki dtwō̃ʛi sodṭæn#̠tẓ shodtwëvi hmoaχw t͡ʂõ̠ğ̣ shohʈiædi chiuŕw ŕodi xxiïn#ː̄tzi kxwënënlo. [t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sˤkʰˤɘmˠ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ʃˠõ̃꜔t͡sˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ ɢˤɛːʜʲ sʲĩːpʰˤɛ̃̃꜔ʒˠ ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ sʷtʲɛkʼʲ tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ sˠtʼˤɛ̃̃꜖t͡sˤ ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ m̥ˠaχʷ t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ ᵏǀʰʲurʷ rˠᵊdʲ xʲɨ̃̃ː꜒t͡sʲ k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ] t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sˤkʰˤɘmˠ ERG sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ʃˠõ꜔t͡sˤ boy t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing ɢˤɛːʜʲ DAT sʲiːqʼˠ- cl.12 pʰˤɛ̃꜔ʒˠ the ᵑǃʷᵊ꜔zˤ girl t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing t͡sˤᵊʈʼˠ no.owner.sing sʷtʲɛkʼʲ ACC tʼʷɔ꜒꜔ʛʲ 2.sing sˠtʼˤɛ̃꜖t͡sˤ love ʃˠtʼʷɘvʲ 2.sing.OBJ m̥ˠaχʷ 3.sing.cl.10.sing t͡ʂˠᵊ꜔꜖ɣˤ 1excl.sing ʃˠhʈʲɛdʲ PAST ᵏǀʰʲurʷ 3.sing.cl.12.SUBJ rˠᵊdʲ 3.sing.cl.12.INDOBJ xʲɨ̃ː꜒t͡sʲ tell k͡xʷɘ̃ːlˠ 1excl.sing.OBJ “The boy told the girl that he loved her.” | (33) |
How to cite this grammar
Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Dlar. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 25 July 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/14K71
In BibTeX format:
@misc{LC-14K71,
year = 2026,
author = {{Language Creator}},
title = {A Grammar of {Dlar}},
howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/14K71}},
note = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 25 July 2026}
}
Supplementary Materials
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