A Grammar of Khakh
Introduction
Scope and Purpose
This grammar provides a systematic description of the Khakh language (the 144th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.
The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Khakh.
Typological Profile
It has has no interesting typological features.Phonology
Phoneme Inventory
Consonants
Khakh has an extremely large consonant inventory, totalling 51 phonemes. Such a system is exceptional in scale.
It has an extensive and fully contrastive palatal series, a maximally contrastive voicing system, a notable dental–alveolar contrast across several manners, a system with marginal but genuine retroflex contrasts and a complete absence of laryngeal consonants.The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Khakh. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.
| vel. labial | pal. labial | vel. alveolar | pal. alveolar | postalveolar | vel. postalveolar | pal. postalveolar | vel. lateral | pal. lateral | palatal | vel. retroflex | pal. retroflex | velar | vel. velar | pal. velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stop | pˠ bˠ | pʲ bʲ | dˠ tˠ | dʲ tʲ | ɖˠ ʈˠ | ɖʲ ʈʲ | kˠ ɡˠ | kʲ ɡʲ | |||||||
| nasal | mˠ | mʲ | nˠ | nʲ | |||||||||||
| trill/tap/flap | rˠ | rʲ | ɽˠ | ɽʲ | |||||||||||
| fricative | fˠ | fʲ | sˠ zˠ | sʲ zʲ | ʃˠ ʒˠ | ʃʲ ʒʲ | ʂˠ ʐˠ | ʂʲ ʐʲ | xˠ | xʲ | |||||
| approximant | ʋˠ | ʋʲ | lˠ | lʲ | j | ɰ | |||||||||
| affricate | t͡sˠ | t͡sʲ | d͡ʒ t͡ʃ |
Vowels
Khakh has two vowel qualities. Such a system allows contrast only between the two categories shown in the chart, with any additional distinctions supplied through length, tone or other phonological features if present elsewhere in the language.
It has a vertical vowel system in which backness distinctions are largely absent, a strongly reduced vowel system in unstressed syllables, phonologically distinctive back unrounded vowels, a partially contrastive system of vowel length and a triangular vowel system with few low vowels.The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Khakh. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.
| central | |
|---|---|
| mid | ə |
| open | a |
Stress and Tones
Khakh has 2 lexical tones, but stress is not contrastive. Each syllable bears a lexically specified tone, and prominence is not independently marked by stress.
Phonological Processes
Vowel Harmony
Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.
Writing System
Introduction
Khakh is normally written using the Cyrillic alphabet, a script with a long and varied history across Eastern Europe and northern Asia. In this grammar, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also used to give an unambiguous representation of sound.
The conventions adopted here follow standard Cyrillic practice for the language where that exists; where they do not, the IPA transcription should be taken as authoritative.
Orthography
Here are the various components of the orthography:
Simple letters
| ɰ /ɰ/ | а /ˠa/ | б /b/ | в /ʋ/ |
| г /ɡ/ | д /d/ | д̇ /ɖ/ | ж /ʒ/ |
| з /z/ | з̇ /ʐ/ | к /k/ | л /l/ |
| м /m/ | н /n/ | п /p/ | р /r/ |
| р̇ /ɽ/ | с /s/ | с̇ /ʂ/ | т /t/ |
| т̇ /ʈ/ | ф /f/ | х /x/ | ц /t͡s/ |
| ч /t͡ʃ/ | ш /ʃ/ | ъ /ˠ/ | ь /ʲ/ |
| я /ʲa/ | ј /j/ | џ /d͡ʒ/ |
Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs
| aː /aː/ | əː /əː/ | ʲə /ʲə/ |
| ˠə /ˠə/ |
Diacritics
| ◌̄ /꜒/ | ◌̠ /꜖/ |
Word Classes and Morphology
Number and Gender
Number
Khakh does not have grammatical number.
Gender
Khakh does not have genders or noun classes.
The Nominal Phrase
Nominal phrases in Khakh can be exemplified by the following example:
initial XML:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
<noun>woman</noun>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>knife</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
<noun>mouse</noun>
<adj>blind</adj>
<num>three</num>
<det>yon</det>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>woman</noun> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>knife</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> </np> </pp> </np> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme"> - <noun>mouse</noun> - <adj>blind</adj> - <num>three</num> - <det>yon</det> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> + <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module constorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"> + <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> + <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <s> - <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC"> + <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three"/> <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
<pp role="comitative">
- <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
+ <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
- <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatoryGot NOM
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for yon/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<s>
<np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> - <s> - <np role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <pp role="comitative"> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ɽˠ|aː|꜖|kˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative">|nʲ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|dˠ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|rʲ|a|꜒|xʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|mˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|ə|꜖|</word> + <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʒʲ|a|꜒|lʲ|</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ɽˠ|aː|꜖|kˠ|
#-> ɽˠaː꜖kˠ
### |ɽˠ|aː|꜖|kˠ|
#-> ɽˠaː꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |nʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> nʲəː꜒
### |nʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> nʲəː꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> -dˠə꜖
### -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> -dˠə꜖
### |rʲ|a|꜒|xʲ|
#-> rʲa꜒xʲ
### |rʲ|a|꜒|xʲ|
#-> rʲa꜒xʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |mˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> mˠaː꜒
### |mˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> mˠaː꜒
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʂˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠə꜖
### |ʂˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠə꜖
### |ʒʲ|a|꜒|lʲ|
#-> ʒʲa꜒lʲ
### |ʒʲ|a|꜒|lʲ|
#-> ʒʲa꜒lʲ
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### |rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|
#-> rˠə꜖ʋˠ
### |rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|
#-> rˠə꜖ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ɽˠ|aː|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |nʲ|əː|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||dˠ|ə|꜖| |rʲ|a|꜒|xʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |ʃˠ|əː|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |mˠ|aː|꜒||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʂˠ|ə|꜖| |ʒʲ|a|꜒|lʲ||ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒| |rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɽˠaː꜖kˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ nʲəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ rʲa꜒xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mˠaː꜒nʲə꜖ ʂˠə꜖ ʒʲa꜒lʲə꜖lˠə꜒ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ɽˠ|aː|꜖|kˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative">|nʲ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|dˠ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="knife" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|rʲ|a|꜒|xʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|mˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|ə|꜖|</word>
<word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʒʲ|a|꜒|lʲ|</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɽˠaː꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">woman</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nʲəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">COMIT</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">LOC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rʲa꜒xʲ</span><br><span class="gls">knife</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">yon</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">three</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲa꜒lʲ</span><br><span class="gls">blind</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖lˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rˠə꜖ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɽˠaː꜖kˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ nʲəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ rʲa꜒xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mˠaː꜒nʲə꜖ ʂˠə꜖ ʒʲa꜒lʲə꜖lˠə꜒ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ р̇аː̠кˠə̄чə̠ Нʲəː̄ с̇ˠəː̠дˠə̠ ря̄хʲə̄чə̠ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ маː̄нʲə̠ с̇ˠə̠ жя̄лʲə̠лˠə̄ рˠə̠вˠə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɽˠaː꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>woman</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>nʲəː꜒</o>
+ <g>COMIT</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-dˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>LOC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rʲa꜒xʲ</o>
+ <g>knife</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʃˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>catch</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>mˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>yon</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>three</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʒʲa꜒lʲ</o>
+ <g>blind</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖lˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rˠə꜖ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>mouse</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɽˠaː꜖kˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ nʲəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ rʲa꜒xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mˠaː꜒nʲə꜖ ʂˠə꜖ ʒʲa꜒lʲə꜖lˠə꜒ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɽˠaː꜖kˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ nʲəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ rʲa꜒xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mˠaː꜒nʲə꜖ ʂˠə꜖ ʒʲa꜒lʲə꜖lˠə꜒ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ р̇аː̠кˠə̄чə̠ Нʲəː̄ с̇ˠəː̠дˠə̠ ря̄хʲə̄чə̠ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ маː̄нʲə̠ с̇ˠə̠ жя̄лʲə̠лˠə̄ рˠə̠вˠə̄чə̠. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɽˠaː꜖kˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ nʲəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ rʲa꜒xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mˠaː꜒nʲə꜖ ʂˠə꜖ ʒʲa꜒lʲə꜖lˠə꜒ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ɽˠaː꜖kˠ woman -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS nʲəː꜒ COMIT ʂˠəː꜖ the -dˠə꜖ LOC rʲa꜒xʲ knife -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS ʃˠəː꜖ catch -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q mˠaː꜒ yon -nʲə꜖ ACC ʂˠə꜖ three ʒʲa꜒lʲ blind -ə꜖lˠə꜒ ACC rˠə꜖ʋˠ mouse -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.” | (1) |
In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.
There are no clitics in the nominal phrase.The Noun
The noun in Khakh consists of the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing possessor, comprising -ə̠кʲə̄ /-ə꜖kʲə꜒/ ‘1incl’, -ə̄нˠə̄ /-ə꜒nˠə꜒/ ‘1excl’, -ə̠лˠə̄ /-ə꜖lˠə꜒/ ‘2’, -ə̠рˠə̄ /-ə꜖rˠə꜒/ ‘3’ and -ə̄чə̠ /-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖/ ‘no.owner’.
The Adjective
In Khakh, the adjective has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing case, comprising -ə̄цˠə̄ /-ə꜒t͡sˠə꜒/ ‘NOM’, -ə̄сˠə̠ /-ə꜒sˠə꜖/ ‘ERG’, -ə̠лˠə̄ /-ə꜖lˠə꜒/ ‘ACC’, -ə̠с̇ˠə̄ /-ə꜖ʂˠə꜒/ ‘DAT’, -ə̄мʲə̠ /-ə꜒mʲə꜖/ ‘INS’, -ə̄кˠə̠ /-ə꜒kˠə꜖/ ‘VOC’, -ə̠џə̠ /-ə꜖d͡ʒə꜖/ ‘ALL’, -ə̠цʲə̠ /-ə꜖t͡sʲə꜖/ ‘LOC’, -ə̠мʲə̄ /-ə꜖mʲə꜒/ ‘ABL’ and -ə̠хʲə̄ /-ə꜖xʲə꜒/ ‘PART’.
Numerals
The numeral in Khakh stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
Determiners
In Khakh, the determiner has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing case, comprising -нˠə̄ /-nˠə꜒/ ‘NOM’, -з̇ˠə̠ /-ʐˠə꜖/ ‘ERG’, -нʲə̠ /-nʲə꜖/ ‘ACC’, -кˠə̄ /-kˠə꜒/ ‘DAT’, -цʲə̄ /-t͡sʲə꜒/ ‘INS’, -шʲə̄ /-ʃʲə꜒/ ‘VOC’, -пˠə̠ /-pˠə꜖/ ‘ALL’, -дˠə̠ /-dˠə꜖/ ‘LOC’, -бˠə̄ /-bˠə꜒/ ‘ABL’ and -сˠə̄ /-sˠə꜒/ ‘PART’.
Pronouns
The pronoun in Khakh stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.
initial XML:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="dual"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>tiger</noun>
</np>
</s>
<s>
<vp tam="pres-state">
<verb>be</verb>
<adj>happy</adj>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj">
<pron person="1incl" number="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="dual"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>tiger</noun> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> </np> </s> <s> - <vp tam="pres-state"> - <verb>be</verb> - <adj>happy</adj> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <pron person="1incl" number="plur"/> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
+ <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> </s> <s> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> + </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> - </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> </s> <s> <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="dual" posp="pron"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> </s> <s> - <np def="def" number="plur" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> - <word person="1incl" number="plur" posp="pron"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> </s> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word gloss="because" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word gloss="because" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <s connector="because"> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> </np> <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> </s> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/> </vp> </s> </example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="because" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
- <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="be"/>
- <word posp="adj" gloss="happy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="happy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1incl
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/obj/obligatory
calling defaultval for obj/
defaultval: verb, obj
returning none
Got none
About to call getSlotValue for be/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for happy/adj/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: adj, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
addaffixes:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<s connector="because">
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word gloss="because" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl">
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="happy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
</vp>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> - <s connector="because"> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> - </s> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" person="1incl"> <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"> <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="happy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - </vp> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="because" posp="conj"/> - <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="happy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|dˠ|ə|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word gloss="because" posp="conj">|sˠ|a|꜒|</word> + <word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">|tˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">|sʲ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|ʂʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|fʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="happy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">|ʂˠ|a|꜒|xʲ|</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|ə|꜒|t͡sˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |lʲ|a|꜒|#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> dˠə꜖
### |dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> dˠə꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|
#-> ʐˠə꜒rʲ
### |ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|
#-> ʐˠə꜒rʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |sˠ|a|꜒|
#-> sˠa꜒
### |sˠ|a|꜒|
#-> sˠa꜒
### |tˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> tˠəː꜖
### |tˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> tˠəː꜖
### |sʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> sʲaː꜒
### |sʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> sʲaː꜒
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|ʂʲ|
#-> -ə꜒ʂʲ
### -|ə|꜒|ʂʲ|
#-> -ə꜒ʂʲ
### -|ə|꜖|fʲ|
#-> -ə꜖fʲ
### -|ə|꜖|fʲ|
#-> -ə꜖fʲ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|a|꜒|xʲ|
#-> ʂˠa꜒xʲ
### |ʂˠ|a|꜒|xʲ|
#-> ʂˠa꜒xʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡sˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒t͡sˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|t͡sˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒t͡sˠə꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒| |dˠ|ə|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |sˠ|a|꜒| |tˠ|əː|꜖| |sʲ|aː|꜒||nʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|ʂʲ||ə|꜖|fʲ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|a|꜒|xʲ||ə|꜒|t͡sˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠa꜒ tˠəː꜖ sʲaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒ʂʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠa꜒xʲə꜒t͡sˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="inclexcl" translation="Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.">
<flat>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|dˠ|ə|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word gloss="because" posp="conj">|sˠ|a|꜒|</word>
<word person="1incl" posp="pron" gloss="1incl" gender="gender?" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">|tˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="be" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">|sʲ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1incl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|ʂʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|fʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="happy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1incl">|ʂˠ|a|꜒|xʲ|</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|ə|꜒|t͡sˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠə꜒rʲ</span><br><span class="gls">tiger</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">because</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">1incl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">be</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PRES</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒ʂʲ</span><br><span class="gls">1incl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖fʲ</span><br><span class="gls">none.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠa꜒xʲ</span><br><span class="gls">happy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡sˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span></p>
+ <p>lʲa꜒ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠa꜒ tˠəː꜖ sʲaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒ʂʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠa꜒xʲə꜒t͡sˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>ля̄ дˠə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ з̇ˠə̄рʲə̄чə̠ са̄ тˠəː̠ сяː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄с̇ʲə̠фʲə̄ с̇а̄хʲə̄цˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>dˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>kill</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐˠə꜒rʲ</o>
+ <g>tiger</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sˠa꜒</o>
+ <g>because</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>tˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>1incl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sʲaː꜒</o>
+ <g>be</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲ</o>
+ <g>PRES</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒ʂʲ</o>
+ <g>1incl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖fʲ</o>
+ <g>none.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠa꜒xʲ</o>
+ <g>happy</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡sˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### lʲa꜒ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠa꜒ tˠəː꜖ sʲaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒ʂʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠa꜒xʲə꜒t͡sˠə꜒#-> lʲa꜒ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠa꜒ tˠəː꜖ sʲaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒ʂʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠa꜒xʲə꜒t͡sˠə꜒
Ля̄ дˠə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ з̇ˠə̄рʲə̄чə̠ са̄ тˠəː̠ сяː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄с̇ʲə̠фʲə̄ с̇а̄хʲə̄цˠə̄. [lʲa꜒ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠa꜒ tˠəː꜖ sʲaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒ʂʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠa꜒xʲə꜒t͡sˠə꜒] lʲa꜒ 1excl dˠə꜖ kill -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC ʐˠə꜒rʲ tiger -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS sˠa꜒ because tˠəː꜖ 1incl sʲaː꜒ be -nʲ PRES -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒ʂʲ 1incl.SUBJ -ə꜖fʲ none.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠa꜒xʲ happy -ə꜒t͡sˠə꜒ NOM “Because the two of us [not including the listener] killed the tiger, we [including the listener] are all now happy.” | (2) |
Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl)."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʐˠ|aː|꜒||nʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒
removetags:
<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PRES</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>love</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲ</o>
+ <g>PRES</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒
Џəː̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄. [d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʐˠaː꜒ love -nʲ PRES -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 “He (the boy) loves her (the girl).” | (3) |
But here, the word corresponding to he is stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʐˠ|aː|꜒||nʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒
removetags:
<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PRES</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>love</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲ</o>
+ <g>PRES</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒
Џəː̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄. [d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʐˠaː꜒ love -nʲ PRES -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 “He loves her.” | (4) |
And here, it is the one translated as her that is stressed:
initial XML:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʐˠ|aː|꜒||nʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒
removetags:
<example id="love2her" translation="He loves *her*.">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PRES</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>love</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲ</o>
+ <g>PRES</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒
Џəː̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄. [d͡ʒəː꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʐˠaː꜒ love -nʲ PRES -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 “He loves her.” | (5) |
Proper Nouns
initial XML:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>hate</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>NN1</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>NN2</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>hate</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>NN1</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>NN2</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatoryGot NOM
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2."> +<example id="loveprop" translation="Takh hates Vay."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Takh" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʈˠ|a|꜖|xʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|pʲ|əː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="Vay" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʋʲ|aː|꜖|j|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʈˠ|a|꜖|xʲ|
#-> ʈˠa꜖xʲ
### |ʈˠ|a|꜖|xʲ|
#-> ʈˠa꜖xʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |pʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> pʲəː꜒
### |pʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> pʲəː꜒
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜖|j|
#-> ʋʲaː꜖j
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜖|j|
#-> ʋʲaː꜖j
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʈˠ|a|꜖|xʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |pʲ|əː|꜒||nʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʋʲ|aː|꜖|j||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜖xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ pʲəː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜖jə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="loveprop" translation="Takh hates Vay.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="Takh" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʈˠ|a|꜖|xʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3" obj="3">|pʲ|əː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="Vay" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʋʲ|aː|꜖|j|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈˠa꜖xʲ</span><br><span class="gls">Takh</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʲəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">hate</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PRES</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋʲaː꜖j</span><br><span class="gls">Vay</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜖xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ pʲəː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜖jə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ Т̇а̠хʲə̄чə̠ пʲəː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ Вяː̠јə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʈˠa꜖xʲ</o>
+ <g>Takh</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>pʲəː꜒</o>
+ <g>hate</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲ</o>
+ <g>PRES</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋʲaː꜖j</o>
+ <g>Vay</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜖xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ pʲəː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜖jə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜖xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ pʲəː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜖jə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ Т̇а̠хʲə̄чə̠ пʲəː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ Вяː̠јə̄чə̠. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜖xʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ pʲəː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜖jə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʈˠa꜖xʲ Takh -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS pʲəː꜒ hate -nʲ PRES -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC ʋʲaː꜖j Vay -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “Takh hates Vay.” | (6) |
Possession
initial XML:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> </np> </example>About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
addaffixes:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|
#-> ɡʲa꜖lʲ
### |ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|
#-> ɡʲa꜖lʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʲa꜖lʲ</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fˠə꜒ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ гя̠лʲə̄чə̠ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ фˠə̄вˠə̠рˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɡʲa꜖lʲ</o>
+ <g>boy</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fˠə꜒ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>apple</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒
с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ гя̠лʲə̄чə̠ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ фˠə̄вˠə̠рˠə̄ [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ɡʲa꜖lʲ boy -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM fˠə꜒ʋˠ apple -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS “the boy’s apple” | (7) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> </np> </example>About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
addaffixes:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple"> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fˠə꜒ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ фˠə̄вˠə̠рˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fˠə꜒ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>apple</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒
џəː̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ фˠə̄вˠə̠рˠə̄ [d͡ʒəː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜖rˠə꜒] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM fˠə꜒ʋˠ apple -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS “his (the boy’s) apple” | (8) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/> </np> </example>About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 1excl
addaffixes:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.POSS">-|ə|꜒|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒nˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒nˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒nˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="1excl" case="NOM">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.POSS">-|ə|꜒|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fˠə꜒ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒nˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ фˠə̄вˠə̄нˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fˠə꜒ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>apple</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒nˠə꜒#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒nˠə꜒
с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ фˠə̄вˠə̄нˠə̄ [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒nˠə꜒] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM fˠə꜒ʋˠ apple -ə꜒nˠə꜒ 1excl.POSS “my apple” | (9) |
initial XML:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kiss</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>neighbour</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kiss</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>neighbour</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> - </vp> <np role="subj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned">
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="NOM"> + <np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> - <word person="2" posp="pron"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> - </np> </s> </example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <s> - <np type="owner_owned" role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> - </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/> </vp> - <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/> </np> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> - </np> </s> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatorycalling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
addaffixes:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<s>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> - <s> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|pʲ|aː|꜖|ɖˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2.POSS">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|
#-> ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ
### |ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|
#-> ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |pʲ|aː|꜖|ɖˠ|
#-> pʲaː꜖ɖˠ
### |pʲ|aː|꜖|ɖˠ|
#-> pʲaː꜖ɖˠ
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|
#-> ʋʲaː꜒lˠ
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|
#-> ʋʲaː꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |pʲ|aː|꜖|ɖˠ||ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ fʲə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ pʲaː꜖ɖˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖rˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|pʲ|aː|꜖|ɖˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2.POSS">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">kiss</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pʲaː꜖ɖˠ</span><br><span class="gls">neighbour</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖lˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">2.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋʲaː꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ fʲə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ pʲaː꜖ɖˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖rˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ т̇а̄р̇ʲə̠рˠə̄ фʲə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ пяː̠д̇ˠə̠лˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ вяː̄лˠə̠рˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</o>
+ <g>hunter</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ</o>
+ <g>daughter</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>kiss</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>pʲaː꜖ɖˠ</o>
+ <g>neighbour</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖lˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>2.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋʲaː꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>son</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ fʲə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ pʲaː꜖ɖˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖rˠə꜒#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ fʲə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ pʲaː꜖ɖˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖rˠə꜒
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ т̇а̄р̇ʲə̠рˠə̄ фʲə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ пяː̠д̇ˠə̠лˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ вяː̄лˠə̠рˠə̄. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ fʲə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ pʲaː꜖ɖˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖rˠə꜒] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ hunter -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ daughter -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS fʲə꜖ kiss -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM pʲaː꜖ɖˠ neighbour -ə꜖lˠə꜒ 2.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC ʋʲaː꜒lˠ son -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS “The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.” | (10) |
Derivation
Khakh has no derivational processes.
initial XML:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
<noun>lamb</noun>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme"> - <noun>lamb</noun> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> </np> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <np tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> </example>About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<np tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> - <np tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb"> <flat> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|#-> ʃˠaː꜖kʲ
### |ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|
#-> ʃˠaː꜖kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
<flat>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠaː꜖kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>шаː̠кʲə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʃˠaː꜖kʲ</o>
+ <g>lamb</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
шаː̠кʲə̄чə̠ [ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʃˠaː꜖kʲ lamb -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “a lamb” | (11) |
Note how none show up here:
initial XML:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>want</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>have</verb>
</vp>
<np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>lamb</noun>
<adj>little</adj>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>want</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>have</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>lamb</noun> - <adj>little</adj> + <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
- <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/> </vp> - <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/> <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/> </np> </subs> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
</vp>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+ <word posp="adj" gloss="little" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/subj/obligatory
calling defaultval for subj/
defaultval: verb, subj
returning 3
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for little/adj/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="adj" gloss="little" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="adj" gloss="little" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="adj" gloss="little" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|t͡sˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3">|mʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="adj" gloss="little" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|pˠ|aː|꜖|xʲ|</word> + <thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |t͡sˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> t͡sˠaː꜒
### |t͡sˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> t͡sˠaː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |mʲ|a|꜒|
#-> mʲa꜒
### |mʲ|a|꜒|
#-> mʲa꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |pˠ|aː|꜖|xʲ|
#-> pˠaː꜖xʲ
### |pˠ|aː|꜖|xʲ|
#-> pˠaː꜖xʲ
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### |ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|
#-> ʃˠaː꜖kʲ
### |ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|
#-> ʃˠaː꜖kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |t͡sˠ|aː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |mʲ|a|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |pˠ|aː|꜖|xʲ||ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒| |ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ t͡sˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mʲa꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ pˠaː꜖xʲə꜖lˠə꜒ ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|t͡sˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3">|mʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="adj" gloss="little" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|pˠ|aː|꜖|xʲ|</word>
<thingy type="adjcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʃˠ|aː|꜖|kʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">want</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">have</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">pˠaː꜖xʲ</span><br><span class="gls">little</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖lˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠaː꜖kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">lamb</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ t͡sˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mʲa꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ pˠaː꜖xʲə꜖lˠə꜒ ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ цаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ мя̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ паː̠хʲə̠лˠə̄ шаː̠кʲə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>t͡sˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>want</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>mʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>have</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>pˠaː꜖xʲ</o>
+ <g>little</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖lˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʃˠaː꜖kʲ</o>
+ <g>lamb</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ t͡sˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mʲa꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ pˠaː꜖xʲə꜖lˠə꜒ ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ t͡sˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mʲa꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ pˠaː꜖xʲə꜖lˠə꜒ ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
Џəː̄ цаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ мя̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ паː̠хʲə̠лˠə̄ шаː̠кʲə̄чə̠. [d͡ʒəː꜒ t͡sˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ mʲa꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ pˠaː꜖xʲə꜖lˠə꜒ ʃˠaː꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 t͡sˠaː꜒ want -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q mʲa꜒ have -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q pˠaː꜖xʲ little -ə꜖lˠə꜒ ACC ʃˠaː꜖kʲ lamb -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “She wanted to have a little lamb.” | (12) |
Compounding
Verbs
Inflectional Categories
There are no clitics in the verbal phrase.In addition, the verb is structured like this: first, the root; second, an obligatory suffix expressing ta, comprising -нь /-nʲ/ ‘PRES’ and -кь /-kʲ/ ‘PAST’; third, an obligatory suffix expressing mode, comprising -ə̄ј /-ə꜒j/ ‘indicative’, -ə̄ч /-ə꜒t͡ʃ/ ‘imperative’, -ə̄ль /-ə꜒lʲ/ ‘conditional’ and -ə̄кь /-ə꜒kʲ/ ‘optative’; fourth, an obligatory suffix expressing voice, comprising -ə̠ /-ə꜖/ ‘active’ and -ə̄ /-ə꜒/ ‘passive’; fifth, an obligatory suffix expressing negation, comprising -къ /-kˠ/ ‘NEG’ and -въ /-ʋˠ/ ‘POS’; sixth, an obligatory suffix expressing subj, comprising -ə̄с̇ь /-ə꜒ʂʲ/ ‘1incl’, -ə̄лъ /-ə꜒lˠ/ ‘1excl’, -ə̄ј /-ə꜒j/ ‘2’ and -ə̠сь /-ə꜖sʲ/ ‘3’; seventh, an obligatory suffix expressing obj, comprising -ə̠фь /-ə꜖fʲ/ ‘none’, -ə̄шь /-ə꜒ʃʲ/ ‘1incl’, -ə̄с̇ъ /-ə꜒ʂˠ/ ‘1excl’, -ə̠пъ /-ə꜖pˠ/ ‘2’ and -ə̠къ /-ə꜖kˠ/ ‘3’; and finally, eighth, an obligatory suffix expressing question, comprising -ə̠ /-ə꜖/ ‘Q’ and -ə̄ /-ə꜒/ ‘not.Q’.
initial XML:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<vp tam="gnomic">
<verb>love</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp tam="gnomic"> - <verb>love</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> - <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="2" posp="pron"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/> </vp> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?"/> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
- <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PRES
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 2
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="2"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2">
<word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"> <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="2"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner" person="2"> <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="love" translation="I love you."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="2"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="2.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|pˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|zˠ|a|꜒|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |lʲ|a|꜒|#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### |ʐˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʐˠaː꜒
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|nʲ|
#-> -nʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|pˠ|
#-> -ə꜖pˠ
### -|ə|꜖|pˠ|
#-> -ə꜖pˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |zˠ|a|꜒|
#-> zˠa꜒
### |zˠ|a|꜒|
#-> zˠa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒| |ʐˠ|aː|꜒||nʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|pˠ||ə|꜒| |zˠ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖pˠə꜒ zˠa꜒
removetags:
<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
<flat>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl" obj="2">|ʐˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">-|nʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="2.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|pˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word person="2" posp="pron" gloss="2" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|zˠ|a|꜒|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">love</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PRES</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖pˠ</span><br><span class="gls">2.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">zˠa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">2</span></span></p>
+ <p>lʲa꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖pˠə꜒ zˠa꜒</p>
+ <p>ля̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠пˠə̄ за̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>love</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲ</o>
+ <g>PRES</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖pˠ</o>
+ <g>2.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>zˠa꜒</o>
+ <g>2</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### lʲa꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖pˠə꜒ zˠa꜒#-> lʲa꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖pˠə꜒ zˠa꜒
Ля̄ з̇аː̄нʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠пˠə̄ за̄. [lʲa꜒ ʐˠaː꜒nʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖pˠə꜒ zˠa꜒] lʲa꜒ 1excl ʐˠaː꜒ love -nʲ PRES -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖pˠ 2.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q zˠa꜒ 2 “I love you.” | (13) |
Adverbs Minor Classes
Adpositions
There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.
initial XML:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>table</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>table</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </example>About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> - <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table"> <flat> - <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">|nʲ|ə|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|dˠ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|ə|꜖|xˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |nʲ|ə|꜒|#-> nʲə꜒
### |nʲ|ə|꜒|
#-> nʲə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> -dˠə꜖
### -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> -dˠə꜖
### |lʲ|ə|꜖|xˠ|
#-> lʲə꜖xˠ
### |lʲ|ə|꜖|xˠ|
#-> lʲə꜖xˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |nʲ|ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||dˠ|ə|꜖| |lʲ|ə|꜖|xˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> nʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ lʲə꜖xˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
<flat>
<word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">|nʲ|ə|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|dˠ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|ə|꜖|xˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nʲə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">in_surface</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">LOC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲə꜖xˠ</span><br><span class="gls">table</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>nʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ lʲə꜖xˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>нʲə̄ с̇ˠəː̠дˠə̠ лʲə̠хˠə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>nʲə꜒</o>
+ <g>in_surface</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-dˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>LOC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲə꜖xˠ</o>
+ <g>table</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### nʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ lʲə꜖xˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> nʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ lʲə꜖xˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
нʲə̄ с̇ˠəː̠дˠə̠ лʲə̠хˠə̄чə̠ [nʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ lʲə꜖xˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] nʲə꜒ in_surface ʂˠəː꜖ the -dˠə꜖ LOC lʲə꜖xˠ table -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “on the table” | (14) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing">
<noun>box</noun>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing"> - <noun>box</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number"> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> - <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </example>About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got LOC
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> - <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"> + <flat> <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box"> <flat> - <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">|ʂʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|dˠ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ɖˠ|ə|꜒|lʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂʲ|a|꜒|#-> ʂʲa꜒
### |ʂʲ|a|꜒|
#-> ʂʲa꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> -dˠə꜖
### -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> -dˠə꜖
### |ɖˠ|ə|꜒|lʲ|
#-> ɖˠə꜒lʲ
### |ɖˠ|ə|꜒|lʲ|
#-> ɖˠə꜒lʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂʲ|a|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||dˠ|ə|꜖| |ɖˠ|ə|꜒|lʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂʲa꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ ɖˠə꜒lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
<flat>
<word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" owner="3s" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">|ʂʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="LOC">-|dˠ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|ɖˠ|ə|꜒|lʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">to_inside</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-dˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">LOC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɖˠə꜒lʲ</span><br><span class="gls">box</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂʲa꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ ɖˠə꜒lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>с̇я̄ с̇ˠəː̠дˠə̠ д̇ˠə̄лʲə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>to_inside</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-dˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>LOC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɖˠə꜒lʲ</o>
+ <g>box</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂʲa꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ ɖˠə꜒lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʂʲa꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ ɖˠə꜒lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
с̇я̄ с̇ˠəː̠дˠə̠ д̇ˠə̄лʲə̄чə̠ [ʂʲa꜒ ʂˠəː꜖dˠə꜖ ɖˠə꜒lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʂʲa꜒ to_inside ʂˠəː꜖ the -dˠə꜖ LOC ɖˠə꜒lʲ box -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “into the box” | (15) |
initial XML:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module articles: No change.
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number"> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> </pp> </example>
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking: No change.
module simplifynumber:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC">
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
<np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<pp role="comitative">
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/>
- <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
</pp>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <pp role="comitative"> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> </np> </pp> </example>
addaffixes: No change.
flatten:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> - <pp role="comitative"> + <flat> <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <np def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </pp> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me"> <flat> - <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative">|nʲ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |nʲ|əː|꜒|#-> nʲəː꜒
### |nʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> nʲəː꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |nʲ|əː|꜒| |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> nʲəː꜒ lʲa꜒
removetags:
<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
<flat>
<word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" owner="3s" role="comitative">|nʲ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" locus="number" case="LOC" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nʲəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">COMIT</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span></p>
+ <p>nʲəː꜒ lʲa꜒</p>
+ <p>Нʲəː̄ ля̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>nʲəː꜒</o>
+ <g>COMIT</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### nʲəː꜒ lʲa꜒#-> nʲəː꜒ lʲa꜒
Нʲəː̄ ля̄ [nʲəː꜒ lʲa꜒] nʲəː꜒ COMIT lʲa꜒ 1excl “with me” | (16) |
Syntax
Basic Clause Structure
Constituent Order
Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.
Khakh employs Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) as its basic word order. The subject is followed by the verb, with the object occurring in post-verbal position. This ordering is widely attested across the world’s languages.
The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Khakh.
initial XML:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatoryGot NOM
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|dˠ|ə|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|
#-> nʲa꜖kʲ
### |nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|
#-> nʲa꜖kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> dˠə꜖
### |dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> dˠə꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |dˠ|ə|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|dˠ|ə|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nʲa꜖kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ ня̠кʲə̄чə̠ дˠə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>nʲa꜖kʲ</o>
+ <g>jaguar</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>dˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>kill</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</o>
+ <g>hunter</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ ня̠кʲə̄чə̠ дˠə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM nʲa꜖kʲ jaguar -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS dˠə꜖ kill -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ hunter -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “The jaguar killed the hunter.” | (17) |
initial XML:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>daughter</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>dog</noun>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>daughter</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>dog</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <np type="owner_owned"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned">
+ <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np type="owner_owned" role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
</np>
- </np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatoryGot NOM
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
addaffixes:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|rʲ|əː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʋʲ|ə|꜖|sˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> dʲə꜒ʋˠ
### |dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> dʲə꜒ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |rʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> rʲəː꜒
### |rʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> rʲəː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|
#-> ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ
### |ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|
#-> ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʋʲ|ə|꜖|sˠ|
#-> ʋʲə꜖sˠ
### |ʋʲ|ə|꜖|sˠ|
#-> ʋʲə꜖sˠ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |rʲ|əː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʋʲ|ə|꜖|sˠ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲə꜖sˠə꜖rˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|rʲ|əː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|ʈˠ|a|꜒|ɽʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="dog" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="ACC">|ʋʲ|ə|꜖|sˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʲə꜒ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rʲəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ</span><br><span class="gls">daughter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋʲə꜖sˠ</span><br><span class="gls">dog</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲə꜖sˠə꜖rˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ дʲə̄вˠə̄чə̠ рʲəː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ т̇а̄р̇ʲə̠рˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ вʲə̠сˠə̠рˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>dʲə꜒ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>lion</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rʲəː꜒</o>
+ <g>eat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</o>
+ <g>hunter</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ</o>
+ <g>daughter</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋʲə꜖sˠ</o>
+ <g>dog</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲə꜖sˠə꜖rˠə꜒#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲə꜖sˠə꜖rˠə꜒
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ дʲə̄вˠə̄чə̠ рʲəː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ т̇а̄р̇ʲə̠рˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ вʲə̠сˠə̠рˠə̄. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʈˠa꜒ɽʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʋʲə꜖sˠə꜖rˠə꜒] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM dʲə꜒ʋˠ lion -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS rʲəː꜒ eat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ hunter -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʈˠa꜒ɽʲ daughter -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC ʋʲə꜖sˠ dog -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS “The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.” | (18) |
The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.
Noun Phrases
Structure and Order
The internal structure of noun phrases in Khakh reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.
Possessive constructions are head-final: the possessor precedes the possessed noun. For example, Khakh expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “child toy”. This ordering is found in many SOV and postpositional languages and aligns with a broader tendency towards modifier-first structures.
initial XML:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np number="sing" def="neither">
<pron person="2" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>son</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>friend</noun>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def">
<noun>book</noun>
</np>
</np>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np type="owner_owned"> - <np number="sing" def="neither"> - <pron person="2" number="sing"/> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> + <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>son</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>friend</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def"> - <noun>book</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> </np> </example>
module articles:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
<word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module nonpastonly: No change.
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder: No change.
module casemarking:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned"> + <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"> <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned"> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+ <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
- <np def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
- <word person="2" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
<word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
- <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
</np>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
</np>
</np>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase: No change.
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> - <np type="owner_owned" role="owner"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> </np> - </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> </np> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> + <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> </np> - </np> </example>
movedowntoword:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> </np> <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> </np> </example>About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 2
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: det, case
returning NOM
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got 3
addaffixes:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> - <np def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - </np> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book"> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2.POSS">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|tˠ|ə|꜖|ʋʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|mʲ|ə|꜖|mˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|
#-> ʋʲaː꜒lˠ
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|
#-> ʋʲaː꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖lˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |tˠ|ə|꜖|ʋʲ|
#-> tˠə꜖ʋʲ
### |tˠ|ə|꜖|ʋʲ|
#-> tˠə꜖ʋʲ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |mʲ|ə|꜖|mˠ|
#-> mʲə꜖mˠ
### |mʲ|ə|꜖|mˠ|
#-> mʲə꜖mˠ
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜖rˠə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |tˠ|ə|꜖|ʋʲ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |mʲ|ə|꜖|mˠ||ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ tˠə꜖ʋʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ mʲə꜖mˠə꜖rˠə꜒
removetags:
<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="son" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="2">|ʋʲ|aː|꜒|lˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="2.POSS">-|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="friend" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3">|tˠ|ə|꜖|ʋʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="book" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" possessor="3" case="NOM">|mʲ|ə|꜖|mˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="3.POSS">-|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋʲaː꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">son</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖lˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">2.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">tˠə꜖ʋʲ</span><br><span class="gls">friend</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">mʲə꜖mˠ</span><br><span class="gls">book</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖rˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ tˠə꜖ʋʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ mʲə꜖mˠə꜖rˠə꜒</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ вяː̄лˠə̠лˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ тˠə̠вʲə̠рˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ мʲə̠мˠə̠рˠə̄</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋʲaː꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>son</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖lˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>2.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>tˠə꜖ʋʲ</o>
+ <g>friend</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>mʲə꜖mˠ</o>
+ <g>book</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖rˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>3.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ tˠə꜖ʋʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ mʲə꜖mˠə꜖rˠə꜒#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ tˠə꜖ʋʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ mʲə꜖mˠə꜖rˠə꜒
с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ вяː̄лˠə̠лˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ тˠə̠вʲə̠рˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ мʲə̠мˠə̠рˠə̄ [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜒lˠə꜖lˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ tˠə꜖ʋʲə꜖rˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ mʲə꜖mˠə꜖rˠə꜒] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʋʲaː꜒lˠ son -ə꜖lˠə꜒ 2.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM tˠə꜖ʋʲ friend -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM mʲə꜖mˠ book -ə꜖rˠə꜒ 3.POSS “your son’s friend’s book” | (19) |
Conjunctions
Here is an example of a conjunction.
initial XML:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>kill</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
<noun>hunter</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>jaguar</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>tiger</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur">
<noun>lion</noun>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>kill</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj"> - <noun>hunter</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>jaguar</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>tiger</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur"> - <noun>lion</noun> + <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> + </vp> <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"> <conjp conj="and"> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+ <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"> + <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur" possessor="no.owner"> <conjp conj="and"> - <np def="def" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np def="def" locus="number"> + <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </conjp> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<conjp conj="and">
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
+ <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flattenconjp:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
- <conjp conj="and">
- <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
- <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </conjp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
</np>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatoryGot NOM
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3.plur
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<s>
<np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur">
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.plur"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
<np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> - <s> - <np def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur"> <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.plur"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <np def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>Didn't find verb/obj/3.plur in:
Array
(
[noun] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
[possessor] => Array
(
[1incl] => -|ə|꜖|kʲ|ə|꜒|
[1excl] => -|ə|꜒|nˠ|ə|꜒|
[2] => -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
[3] => -|ə|꜖|rˠ|ə|꜒|
[no.owner] => -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
)
)
[adj] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
[case] => Array
(
[NOM] => -|ə|꜒|t͡sˠ|ə|꜒|
[ERG] => -|ə|꜒|sˠ|ə|꜖|
[ACC] => -|ə|꜖|lˠ|ə|꜒|
[DAT] => -|ə|꜖|ʂˠ|ə|꜒|
[INS] => -|ə|꜒|mʲ|ə|꜖|
[VOC] => -|ə|꜒|kˠ|ə|꜖|
[ALL] => -|ə|꜖|d͡ʒ|ə|꜖|
[LOC] => -|ə|꜖|t͡sʲ|ə|꜖|
[ABL] => -|ə|꜖|mʲ|ə|꜒|
[PART] => -|ə|꜖|xʲ|ə|꜒|
)
)
[num] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
)
[det] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
[case] => Array
(
[NOM] => -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
[ERG] => -|ʐˠ|ə|꜖|
[ACC] => -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
[DAT] => -|kˠ|ə|꜒|
[INS] => -|t͡sʲ|ə|꜒|
[VOC] => -|ʃʲ|ə|꜒|
[ALL] => -|pˠ|ə|꜖|
[LOC] => -|dˠ|ə|꜖|
[ABL] => -|bˠ|ə|꜒|
[PART] => -|sˠ|ə|꜒|
)
)
[pron] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
)
[verb] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
[ta] => Array
(
[PRES] => -|nʲ|
[PAST] => -|kʲ|
)
[mode] => Array
(
[indicative] => -|ə|꜒|j|
[imperative] => -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|
[conditional] => -|ə|꜒|lʲ|
[optative] => -|ə|꜒|kʲ|
)
[voice] => Array
(
[active] => -|ə|꜖|
[passive] => -|ə|꜒|
)
[negation] => Array
(
[NEG] => -|kˠ|
[POS] => -|ʋˠ|
)
[subj] => Array
(
[1incl] => -|ə|꜒|ʂʲ|
[1excl] => -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
[2] => -|ə|꜒|j|
[3] => -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
)
[obj] => Array
(
[none] => -|ə|꜖|fʲ|
[1incl] => -|ə|꜒|ʃʲ|
[1excl] => -|ə|꜒|ʂˠ|
[2] => -|ə|꜖|pˠ|
[3] => -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
)
[question] => Array
(
[Q] => -|ə|꜖|
[not.Q] => -|ə|꜒|
)
)
[pp] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
)
[adv] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
)
[conj] => Array
(
[root] => Array
(
)
)
)
addvocab:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.plur"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur">|dˠ|ə|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ">???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|sʲ|aː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="conj" gloss="and">|sʲ|aː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|
#-> ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> dˠə꜖
### |dˠ|ə|꜖|
#-> dˠə꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]
#-> ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]
### ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]
#-> ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|
#-> nʲa꜖kʲ
### |nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|
#-> nʲa꜖kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |sʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> sʲaː꜒
### |sʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> sʲaː꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|
#-> ʐˠə꜒rʲ
### |ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|
#-> ʐˠə꜒rʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |sʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> sʲaː꜒
### |sʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> sʲaː꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> dʲə꜒ʋˠ
### |dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> dʲə꜒ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |dˠ|ə|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ| ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]|ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |sʲ|aː|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |sʲ|aː|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲ ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]ə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʐʲ|a|꜖|ɽʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3.plur">|dˠ|ə|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.plur.OBJ">???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|nʲ|a|꜖|kʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and">|sʲ|aː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʐˠ|ə|꜒|rʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="conj" gloss="and">|sʲ|aː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">|dʲ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</span><br><span class="gls">hunter</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dˠə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">kill</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]</span><br><span class="gls">3.plur.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">nʲa꜖kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">jaguar</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʐˠə꜒rʲ</span><br><span class="gls">tiger</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sʲaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">and</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʲə꜒ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">lion</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲ ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]ə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠ дˠə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сь ???[3:veрб/oбј/3.плuр]ə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ ня̠кʲə̄чə̠ сяː̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ з̇ˠə̄рʲə̄чə̠ сяː̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ дʲə̄вˠə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ</o>
+ <g>hunter</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>dˠə꜖</o>
+ <g>kill</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]</o>
+ <g>3.plur.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>nʲa꜖kʲ</o>
+ <g>jaguar</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sʲaː꜒</o>
+ <g>and</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʐˠə꜒rʲ</o>
+ <g>tiger</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sʲaː꜒</o>
+ <g>and</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>dʲə꜒ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>lion</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲ ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]ə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲ ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]ə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ з̇я̠р̇ʲə̄чə̠ дˠə̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сь ???[3:veрб/oбј/3.плuр]ə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ ня̠кʲə̄чə̠ сяː̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ з̇ˠə̄рʲə̄чə̠ сяː̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ дʲə̄вˠə̄чə̠. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ʐʲa꜖ɽʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ dˠə꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲ ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur]ə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ nʲa꜖kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ ʐˠə꜒rʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sʲaː꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ʐʲa꜖ɽʲ hunter -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS dˠə꜖ kill -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ ???[3:verb/obj/3.plur] 3.plur.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC nʲa꜖kʲ jaguar -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS sʲaː꜒ and ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC ʐˠə꜒rʲ tiger -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS sʲaː꜒ and ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC dʲə꜒ʋˠ lion -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.” | (20) |
Modifiers and Determiners
The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Khakh provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.
Complex Sentences
Relative Clauses
Khakh uses the correlative strategy to form relative clauses. The relative clause is introduced by a dedicated relativiser and appears as an independent clause. The main clause contains a demonstrative that corresponds to the relativiser and identifies the element being modified. The relative clause precedes the main clause when used on its own, and follows the head noun when it functions as a modifier. The internal structure of both clauses is fully finite.
To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:
initial XML:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> </s> </example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|dʲ|a|꜒|kʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |lʲ|a|꜒|#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |dʲ|a|꜒|kʲ|
#-> dʲa꜒kʲ
### |dʲ|a|꜒|kʲ|
#-> dʲa꜒kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |lʲ|a|꜒| |lˠ|aː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |dʲ|a|꜒|kʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲa꜒kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
<flat>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|dʲ|a|꜒|kʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">dʲa꜒kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">cat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲa꜒kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ дя̄кʲə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>pat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>dʲa꜒kʲ</o>
+ <g>cat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲa꜒kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲa꜒kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
Ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ дя̄кʲə̄чə̠. [lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ dʲa꜒kʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] lʲa꜒ 1excl lˠaː꜒ pat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC dʲa꜒kʲ cat -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “I patted the cat.” | (21) |
We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:
initial XML:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
- </vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
- </np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </s>
+ <s connector="then">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
- <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> - <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|
#-> rˠə꜖ʋˠ
### |rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|
#-> rˠə꜖ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʃˠ|əː|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |lʲ|a|꜒| |lˠ|aː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖
removetags:
<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|rˠ|ə|꜖|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rˠə꜖ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">mouse</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ рˠə̠вˠə̄чə̠ ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʃˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>catch</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rˠə꜖ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>mouse</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>pat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>then</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖
Џəː̄ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ рˠə̠вˠə̄чə̠ ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠. [d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ rˠə꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʃˠəː꜖ catch -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC rˠə꜖ʋˠ mouse -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS lʲa꜒ 1excl lˠaː꜒ pat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 fʲə꜖ then “I patted the cat that caught the mouse.” | (22) |
Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:
initial XML:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
- <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ </s>
+ <s connector="then">
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
- </vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ </s>
+ <s connector="then">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+ <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- </relp>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
+ </np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module markowned:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
- <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<s>
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> - <s> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> - <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - </s> - <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese."> <flat> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|rʲ|əː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜖|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |rʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> rʲəː꜒
### |rʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> rʲəː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### -|nʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> -nʲə꜖
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜖|ʋˠ|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠ
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜖|ʋˠ|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |rʲ|əː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nʲ|ə|꜖| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜖|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʃˠ|əː|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖| |lʲ|a|꜒| |lˠ|aː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖
removetags:
<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
<flat>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|rʲ|əː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="ACC">-|nʲ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜖|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rʲəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">ACC</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">cheese</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span></p>
+ <p>d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖</p>
+ <p>џəː̄ рʲəː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ џəː̠вˠə̄чə̠ џəː̄ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠ ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rʲəː꜒</o>
+ <g>eat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>ACC</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>cheese</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʃˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>catch</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>then</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>pat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>then</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖#-> d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖
Џəː̄ рʲəː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠нʲə̠ џəː̠вˠə̄чə̠ џəː̄ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠ ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠. [d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖nʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖] d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 rʲəː꜒ eat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -nʲə꜖ ACC d͡ʒəː꜖ʋˠ cheese -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʃˠəː꜖ catch -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 fʲə꜖ then lʲa꜒ 1excl lˠaː꜒ pat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 fʲə꜖ then “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.” | (23) |
Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:
initial XML:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>pat</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>catch</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>cat</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>eat</verb>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
<noun>mouse</noun>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>buy</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
<pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
<noun>cheese</noun>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>pat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>catch</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>cat</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>eat</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this"> - <noun>mouse</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>buy</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj"> - <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this"> - <noun>cheese</noun> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<relp>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</relp>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np role="obj"> <relp> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </relp> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ </s>
+ <s connector="then">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ </vp>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ </np>
+ </np>
+ </s>
+ <s connector="then">
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
- <relp>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
- </vp>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np role="obj">
- <relp>
+ </np>
+ </s>
+ <s connector="then">
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
- <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+ <np role="obj">
+ <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- </relp>
</np>
- </relp>
- </np>
- </relp>
- </np>
</s>
</example>
module sentenceconnectors:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
+ <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
<word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<np role="obj">
<np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
<word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</np>
</s>
</example>
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> + </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> - </vp> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> + </vp> <np role="obj"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC"> <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> - <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron"> <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
- <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="ACC">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC">
- <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron" case="NOM">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" output="aspron">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
module markowned:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> - <np role="obj" case="ACC"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number"> + <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
<np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
copyuptophrase:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/> </vp> <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </s> <s connector="then"> <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/> </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/> </vp> <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/> </np> </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> </s> </example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
</vp>
- <np role="obj" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner">
+ <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
</np>
- </np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
- <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?"/>
+ <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
- <word posp="pron" gloss="3"/>
+ <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/ta/obligatoryGot PAST
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 1excl
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
addaffixes:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<s>
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
<s connector="then">
<np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl">
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/>
</np>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj"/>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> - <s> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> + <flat> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> - <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - </s> - <s connector="then"> - <np def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - </s> - <s connector="then"> - <np def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner" person="1excl"> <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"> <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - </np> <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought."> <flat> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> - <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC"/> - <word gloss="then" posp="conj"/> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|ʒʲ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|rʲ|əː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> + <word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word> + <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word> + <word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |lʲ|a|꜒|#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |ʒʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʒʲaː꜒
### |ʒʲ|aː|꜒|
#-> ʒʲaː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |rʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> rʲəː꜒
### |rʲ|əː|꜒|
#-> rʲəː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### |ʃˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʃˠəː꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lʲ|a|꜒|
#-> lʲa꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### |lˠ|aː|꜒|
#-> lˠaː꜒
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜒|lˠ|
#-> -ə꜒lˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|
#-> d͡ʒəː꜒
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> fʲə꜖
### |lʲ|a|꜒| |ʒʲ|aː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |rʲ|əː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |ʃˠ|əː|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖| |lʲ|a|꜒| |lˠ|aː|꜒||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜒|lˠ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |d͡ʒ|əː|꜒| |fʲ|ə|꜖|
#-> lʲa꜒ ʒʲaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖
removetags:
<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
<flat>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|ʒʲ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|rʲ|əː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="subj" head="this" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" obj="3">|ʃˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
<word person="1excl" posp="pron" gloss="1excl" gender="gender?" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|lʲ|a|꜒|</word>
<word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl" obj="3">|lˠ|aː|꜒|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="1excl.SUBJ">-|ə|꜒|lˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="pron" gloss="3" def="def" role="obj" head="this" locus="number" possessor="no.owner" case="ACC">|d͡ʒ|əː|꜒|</word>
<word gloss="then" posp="conj">|fʲ|ə|꜖|</word>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʒʲaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">buy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rʲəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">eat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʃˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">catch</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lʲa꜒</span><br><span class="gls">1excl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">lˠaː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">pat</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒lˠ</span><br><span class="gls">1excl.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">d͡ʒəː꜒</span><br><span class="gls">3</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fʲə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">then</span></span></p>
+ <p>lʲa꜒ ʒʲaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖</p>
+ <p>ля̄ жяː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ џəː̄ рʲəː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠ џəː̄ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠ ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʒʲaː꜒</o>
+ <g>buy</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rʲəː꜒</o>
+ <g>eat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>then</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʃˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>catch</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>then</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lʲa꜒</o>
+ <g>1excl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>lˠaː꜒</o>
+ <g>pat</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒lˠ</o>
+ <g>1excl.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>d͡ʒəː꜒</o>
+ <g>3</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fʲə꜖</o>
+ <g>then</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### lʲa꜒ ʒʲaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖#-> lʲa꜒ ʒʲaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖
Ля̄ жяː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ џəː̄ рʲəː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠ џəː̄ шˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠ ля̄ лаː̄кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̄лˠə̠кˠə̄ џəː̄ фʲə̠. [lʲa꜒ ʒʲaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ rʲəː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ d͡ʒəː꜒ ʃˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖ lʲa꜒ lˠaː꜒kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜒lˠə꜖kˠə꜒ d͡ʒəː꜒ fʲə꜖] lʲa꜒ 1excl ʒʲaː꜒ buy -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 rʲəː꜒ eat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 fʲə꜖ then d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 ʃˠəː꜖ catch -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 fʲə꜖ then lʲa꜒ 1excl lˠaː꜒ pat -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜒lˠ 1excl.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q d͡ʒəː꜒ 3 fʲə꜖ then “I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.” | (24) |
Complementation Strategies
Khakh marks complement clauses with subordinating verbal morphology. The embedded verb is fully finite and carries a subordinating suffix that identifies the clause as a complement. No structural changes occur within the clause apart from this verbal marking.
The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:
initial XML:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>surprise</verb>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp tam="past-punct">
<verb>give</verb>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
<noun>boy</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
<noun>apple</noun>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
<noun>girl</noun>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
<noun>teacher</noun>
</np>
</s>
</example>cleanup:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>surprise</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp tam="past-punct"> - <verb>give</verb> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj"> - <noun>boy</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj"> - <noun>apple</noun> + <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme"> - <noun>girl</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> </np> </subs> </np> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj"> - <noun>teacher</noun> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> </np> </s> </example>
module articles:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np role="subj">
<subs>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+ <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module nonpastonly:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active"> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </subs> </np> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module noepistemic: No change.
module sequential: No change.
module sentenceconnectors: No change.
NOT IMPLEMENTEDmodule subordinate: No change.
module adpositions: No change.
module constorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> - </vp> <np role="subj"> <subs> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> - </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> - </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> + </np> </subs> </np> + <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> + </vp> <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module casemarking:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj"> + <np role="subj" case="NOM"> <subs> - <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </subs> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> - <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number"> + <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module simplifynumber:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM">
<subs>
- <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+ <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
+ <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
- <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+ <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
- <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+ <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module propagatenumber: No change.
createpronouns: No change.
module markowned:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <s> - <np role="subj" case="NOM"> + <np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <subs> - <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"> + <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"> + <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"> + <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/> </np> </subs> </np> <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/> </vp> - <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"> + <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/> <word gloss="the" posp="det"/> </np> </s> </example>
module ngen: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder: No change.
module wordorder:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
module conjp: No change.
flattenconjp: No change.
fixpronouns: No change.
copyuptophrase:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
- <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+ <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
prodrop: No change.
addclitics: No change.
propagateArgumentCase: No change.
unwrapArgumentNPs: No change.
unwrapOwnerOwned: No change.
movedowntoword:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
- <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3">
- <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+ <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
- <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
- <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+ <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatoryGot NOM
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/obj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/mode/obligatory
Got indicative
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/negation/obligatory
Got POS
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/subj/obligatory
Got 3
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/obj/obligatory
calling defaultval for obj/
defaultval: verb, obj
returning none
Got none
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/possessor/obligatory
Got no.owner
addaffixes:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<s>
<np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<subs>
<np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
<np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</subs>
</np>
<vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3">
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
+ <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/>
+ <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/>
+ <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/>
+ <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/>
+ <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none"/>
+ <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/>
</vp>
<np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/>
+ <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/>
</np>
</s>
</example>
flatten:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> - <s> - <np role="subj" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> - <subs> - <np def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"> + <flat> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - <np role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"> <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </subs> - </np> - <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3"> <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3"/> <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none"/> <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - </vp> - <np def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"> <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/> <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - </np> - </s> + </flat> </example>
addvocab:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple."> <flat> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> - <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3"/> - <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/> - <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative"/> - <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active"/> - <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS"/> - <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3"/> - <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none"/> - <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q"/> - <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT"/> - <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner"/> - <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner"/> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3">|t͡sʲ|a|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|kˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|rʲ|a|꜖|pˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3">|sˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|fʲ|</thingy> + <thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word> + <thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|kˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy> + <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|ʋʲ|aː|꜖|rˠ|</word> + <thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy> </flat> </example>
vowelharmony: No change.
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### -|nˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -nˠə꜒
### |ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|
#-> ɡʲa꜖lʲ
### |ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|
#-> ɡʲa꜖lʲ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |t͡sʲ|a|꜖|
#-> t͡sʲa꜖
### |t͡sʲ|a|꜖|
#-> t͡sʲa꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜖|kˠ|
#-> -ə꜖kˠ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|kˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -kˠə꜒
### -|kˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -kˠə꜒
### |rʲ|a|꜖|pˠ|
#-> rʲa꜖pˠ
### |rʲ|a|꜖|pˠ|
#-> rʲa꜖pˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|
#-> fˠə꜒ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |sˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> sˠəː꜖
### |sˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> sˠəː꜖
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|kʲ|
#-> -kʲ
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜒|j|
#-> -ə꜒j
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜖
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ʋˠ|
#-> -ʋˠ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|sʲ|
#-> -ə꜖sʲ
### -|ə|꜖|fʲ|
#-> -ə꜖fʲ
### -|ə|꜖|fʲ|
#-> -ə꜖fʲ
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### -|ə|꜒|
#-> -ə꜒
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖
### -|kˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -kˠə꜒
### -|kˠ|ə|꜒|
#-> -kˠə꜒
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜖|rˠ|
#-> ʋʲaː꜖rˠ
### |ʋʲ|aː|꜖|rˠ|
#-> ʋʲaː꜖rˠ
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### -|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
### |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||nˠ|ə|꜒| |ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |t͡sʲ|a|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|kˠ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||kˠ|ə|꜒| |rʲ|a|꜖|pˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖| |sˠ|əː|꜖||kʲ||ə|꜒|j||ə|꜖||ʋˠ||ə|꜖|sʲ||ə|꜖|fʲ||ə|꜒| |ʂˠ|əː|꜖||kˠ|ə|꜒| |ʋʲ|aː|꜖|rˠ||ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|
#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ t͡sʲa꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ rʲa꜖pˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜖rˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
removetags:
<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
<flat>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="NOM">-|nˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" possessor="no.owner">|ɡʲ|a|꜖|lʲ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3" obj="3">|t͡sʲ|a|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="3.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|kˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|kˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|rʲ|a|꜖|pˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="apple" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" possessor="no.owner">|fˠ|ə|꜒|ʋˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3" indobj="3">|sˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">-|kʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbmode" function="suffix" gloss="indicative">-|ə|꜒|j|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbvoice" function="suffix" gloss="active">-|ə|꜖|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbnegation" function="suffix" gloss="POS">-|ʋˠ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbsubj" function="suffix" gloss="3.SUBJ">-|ə|꜖|sʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbobj" function="suffix" gloss="none.OBJ">-|ə|꜖|fʲ|</thingy>
<thingy type="verbquestion" function="suffix" gloss="not.Q">-|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|ʂˠ|əː|꜖|</word>
<thingy type="detcase" function="suffix" gloss="DAT">-|kˠ|ə|꜒|</thingy>
<word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" possessor="no.owner">|ʋʲ|aː|꜖|rˠ|</word>
<thingy type="nounpossessor" function="suffix" gloss="no.owner.POSS">-|ə|꜒|t͡ʃ|ə|꜖|</thingy>
</flat>
+ <p><span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-nˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">NOM</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ɡʲa꜖lʲ</span><br><span class="gls">boy</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">t͡sʲa꜖</span><br><span class="gls">give</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖kˠ</span><br><span class="gls">3.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">DAT</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">rʲa꜖pˠ</span><br><span class="gls">girl</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">fˠə꜒ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">apple</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">sˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">surprise</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kʲ</span><br><span class="gls">PAST</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒j</span><br><span class="gls">indicative</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">active</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ʋˠ</span><br><span class="gls">POS</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖sʲ</span><br><span class="gls">3.SUBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜖fʲ</span><br><span class="gls">none.OBJ</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">not.Q</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʂˠəː꜖</span><br><span class="gls">the</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-kˠə꜒</span><br><span class="gls">DAT</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">ʋʲaː꜖rˠ</span><br><span class="gls">teacher</span></span> <span class="ilpair"><span class="mor">-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</span><br><span class="gls">no.owner.POSS</span></span></p>
+ <p>ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ t͡sʲa꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ rʲa꜖pˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜖rˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</p>
+ <p>с̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ гя̠лʲə̄чə̠ ця̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠кˠə̄ ря̠пˠə̄чə̠ фˠə̄вˠə̄чə̠ сˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠фʲə̄ с̇ˠəː̠кˠə̄ вяː̠рˠə̄чə̠</p>
+ <il>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-nˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>NOM</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ɡʲa꜖lʲ</o>
+ <g>boy</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>t͡sʲa꜖</o>
+ <g>give</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖kˠ</o>
+ <g>3.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>DAT</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>rʲa꜖pˠ</o>
+ <g>girl</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>fˠə꜒ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>apple</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>sˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>surprise</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kʲ</o>
+ <g>PAST</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒j</o>
+ <g>indicative</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖</o>
+ <g>active</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ʋˠ</o>
+ <g>POS</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖sʲ</o>
+ <g>3.SUBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜖fʲ</o>
+ <g>none.OBJ</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒</o>
+ <g>not.Q</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʂˠəː꜖</o>
+ <g>the</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-kˠə꜒</o>
+ <g>DAT</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>ʋʲaː꜖rˠ</o>
+ <g>teacher</g>
+ </w>
+ <w>
+ <o>-ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖</o>
+ <g>no.owner.POSS</g>
+ </w>
+ </il>
</example>
### ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ t͡sʲa꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ rʲa꜖pˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜖rˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖#-> ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ t͡sʲa꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ rʲa꜖pˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜖rˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖
С̇ˠəː̠нˠə̄ гя̠лʲə̄чə̠ ця̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠кˠə̄ с̇ˠəː̠кˠə̄ ря̠пˠə̄чə̠ фˠə̄вˠə̄чə̠ сˠəː̠кʲə̄јə̠вˠə̠сʲə̠фʲə̄ с̇ˠəː̠кˠə̄ вяː̠рˠə̄чə̠. [ʂˠəː꜖nˠə꜒ ɡʲa꜖lʲə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ t͡sʲa꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖kˠə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ rʲa꜖pˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ fˠə꜒ʋˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ sˠəː꜖kʲə꜒jə꜖ʋˠə꜖sʲə꜖fʲə꜒ ʂˠəː꜖kˠə꜒ ʋʲaː꜖rˠə꜒t͡ʃə꜖] ʂˠəː꜖ the -nˠə꜒ NOM ɡʲa꜖lʲ boy -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS t͡sʲa꜖ give -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖kˠ 3.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -kˠə꜒ DAT rʲa꜖pˠ girl -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS fˠə꜒ʋˠ apple -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS sˠəː꜖ surprise -kʲ PAST -ə꜒j indicative -ə꜖ active -ʋˠ POS -ə꜖sʲ 3.SUBJ -ə꜖fʲ none.OBJ -ə꜒ not.Q ʂˠəː꜖ the -kˠə꜒ DAT ʋʲaː꜖rˠ teacher -ə꜒t͡ʃə꜖ no.owner.POSS “It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.” | (25) |
Quotes
Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:
Miscellaneous
Supplementary Materials
A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Khakh / Khakh–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.
Readers are encouraged to share observations or corrections via the feedback form. The present page may be accessed directly at:
https://languagecreator.org/grammar/3B2D1
Behind the scenes, the Language Creator stores the generated language in a JSON-based format known as ELD. The corresponding ELD file may be downloaded, edited as required, and reuploaded in order to regenerate the grammar, dictionary and texts.
How to cite this grammar:
Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Khakh. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.90, on 18 May 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/3B2D1
In BibTeX format:
@misc{LC-3B2D1,
year = 2026,
author = {{Language Creator}},
title = {A Grammar of {Khakh}},
howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/3B2D1}},
note = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.90, on 18 May 2026}
}
Execution time: 0.06 seconds.