A Grammar of Ider

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Ider language (the 1758th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Ider.

Typological Profile

It has a maximally developed dental–alveolar opposition and a richly developed retroflex subsystem.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Ider has a large consonant inventory, comprising 48 phonemes.

It has a maximally developed dental–alveolar opposition, an exceptionally large and contrastive set of fricatives, an exceptionally dense sibilant inventory, an exceptionally dense set of affricate contrasts and an extensively developed liquid system.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Ider. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	dental	lab. dental	alveolar	lab. alveolar	postalveolar	lateral	palatal	retroflex	velar	lab. velar
stop	p b			d t	dʷ tʷ				ɖ ʈ	k ɡ	kʷ ɡʷ
nasal	m			n	nʷ			ɲ	ɳ	ŋ	ŋʷ
trill/tap/flap				ɾ	ɾʷ				ɽ
fricative	ɸ	θ	θʷ	s	sʷ	ʃ	ɬ		ʂ	x	xʷ
approximant	w						l	j
affricate	p͡f			t͡s	t͡sʷ	t͡ʃ	tɬ		d͡ʐ t͡ʂ	k͡x	k͡xʷ

Vowels

Ider has more than 14 vowel qualities. This constitutes an exceptionally rich vowel inventory, with numerous distinct categories represented in the chart.

It has a maximally “square” vowel system balancing heights across backness, a full range of vowel qualities even in reduced syllables, front rounded vowels (these are cross-linguistically relatively uncommon, but occur in a number of well-known languages, including French, German, Turkish and Mandarin), an unusually fine-grained height system distinguishing four levels and a fully three-way front–central–back distinction.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Ider. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front unrounded	front rounded	central	back
close	i	y	ʉ	u
close-mid	e	ø	ɵ	o
open-mid	ɛ	œ	ɞ	ɔ
open		ɶ	a

Stress and Tones

Ider has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.

Writing System

Introduction

Ider is normally written using the Latin alphabet, whose familiarity makes it straightforward for most readers. For clarity and precision, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also provided throughout this grammar.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

a /a/	b /b/	d /d/	e /e/
f /f/	g /ɡ/	i /i/	j /j/
k /k/	l /l/	m /m/	n /n/
o /ɔ/	p /p/	r /ɾ/	s /s/
t /t/	u /u/	w /w/	y /y/
æ /ɛ/	ñ /ɲ/	ó /o/	ö /ø/
œ /œ/	ŕ /r/	ɞ /ɞ/	ɵ /ɵ/
ɶ /ɶ/	ɸ /ɸ/	ʉ /ʉ/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

aa /aː/	ai /ai/	au /au/
ch /t͡ʃ/	dw /dʷ/	d͡ʐ /d͡ʐ/
ee /eː/	gw /ɡʷ/	hl /ɬ/
ii /iː/	kh /x/	khw /xʷ/
kkh /k͡x/	kkhw /k͡xʷ/	ng /ŋ/
ngw /ŋʷ/	nw /nʷ/	oo /ɔː/
pf /p͡f/	qu /kʷ/	rd /ɖ/
rn /ɳ/	rr /ɽ/	rs /ʂ/
rt /ʈ/	rw /ɾʷ/	sh /ʃ/
sw /sʷ/	th /θ/	thw /θʷ/
tlh /tɬ/	tw /tʷ/	tz /t͡s/
tzw /t͡sʷ/	t͡ʂ /t͡ʂ/	uu /uː/
yy /yː/	ææ /ɛː/	óó /oː/
öö /øː/	œœ /œː/	ŕw /rʷ/
ɔi /ɔi/	ɞɞ /ɞː/	ɵɵ /ɵː/
ɶɶ /ɶː/	ʉʉ /ʉː/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Ider does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Ider does not have genders or noun classes.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Ider can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got plur

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-        </np>
-      </pp>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">aˈkʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="d&#x2B7; i&#x2D0; s&#x2B7; e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x14B;">dʷiːsʷeːˈŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; d&#x361;&#x290; i r&#x2B7;">ɛˈd͡ʐirʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="x &#x153;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x27D;">xœːˈɽ</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="p y &#x2C8; &#x3B8;">pyˈθ</word>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="d &#x25B; &#x2C8; p&#x361;f">dɛˈp͡f</word>
+    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="&#x254;&#x2D0; k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">ɔːk͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="a &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">aˈkʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="d&#x2B7; i&#x2D0; s&#x2B7; e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x14B;">dʷiːsʷeːˈŋ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; d&#x361;&#x290; i r&#x2B7;">ɛˈd͡ʐirʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="x &#x153;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x27D;">xœːˈɽ</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="p y &#x2C8; &#x3B8;">pyˈθ</word>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="d &#x25B; &#x2C8; p&#x361;f">dɛˈp͡f</word>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="&#x254;&#x2D0; k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">ɔːk͡xʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">aˈkʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">dʷiːsʷeːˈŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">ɛˈd͡ʐirʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">xœːˈɽ</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">pyˈθ</word>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">dɛˈp͡f</word>
+    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">ɔːk͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈakʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛd͡ʐirʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈxœːɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈpyθ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdɛp͡f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɔːk͡xʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;anʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyɽɛstʷiw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷakʷ dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛd͡ʐirʷ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈxœːɽ ˈpyθ ˈdɛp͡fɔːk͡xʷ p͡faˈnʷyɽɛstʷiw</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwaqu dwiisweeng t͡ʂɵɵs nwæd͡ʐiŕw chɵɵdɶg khœœrr pyth dæpfookkhw pfanwyrræstwiw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈakʷ</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛd͡ʐirʷ</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈxœːɽ</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈpyθ</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdɛp͡f</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɔːk͡xʷ</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>anʷ-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyɽɛstʷiw</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 1.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwaqu dwiisweeng t͡ʂɵɵs nwæd͡ʐiŕw chɵɵdɶg khœœrr pyth dæpfookkhw pfanwyrræstwiw.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷakʷ dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛd͡ʐirʷ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈxœːɽ ˈpyθ ˈdɛp͡fɔːk͡xʷ p͡faˈnʷyɽɛstʷiw]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈakʷ
woman dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ
COMIT ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛd͡ʐirʷ
knife t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈɵːd
catch -ɶɡ
PAST ˈxœːɽ
yon ˈpyθ
three ˈdɛp͡f
blind -ɔːk͡xʷ
plur p͡f-
ACC anʷ-
plur ˈyɽɛstʷiw
mouse

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There are no clitics in the nominal phrase.

The Noun

The noun in Ider consists of first, an obligatory prefix expressing case, comprising nw- /nʷ-/ ‘NOM’, pf- /p͡f-/ ‘ACC’, d͡ʐ- /d͡ʐ-/ ‘GEN’, kkhw- /k͡xʷ-/ ‘DAT’, s- /s-/ ‘INS’, g- /ɡ-/ ‘VOC’, kkh- /k͡x-/ ‘ALL’, ŕw- /rʷ-/ ‘LOC’, b- /b-/ ‘ABL’ and rd- /ɖ-/ ‘PART’; second, an optional prefix expressing number, comprising anw- /anʷ-/ ‘plur’; and finally, third, the root.

The Adjective

In Ider, the adjective has the following structure: the root followed by an optional suffix expressing number, comprising -ookkhw /-ɔːk͡xʷ/ ‘plur’.

Numerals

The numeral in Ider stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

The determiner in Ider stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Ider has the following structure: an optional prefix expressing number, comprising gu- /ɡu-/ ‘plur’ followed by the root.

In Ider, subject pronouns (but not object pronouns ones) are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">øˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷoɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃøɲ ˈɡʷoɡʷ</p>
+  <p>chöñ gwógw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøɲ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷoɡʷ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 2.

Chöñ gwógw.

[ˈt͡ʃøɲ ˈɡʷoɡʷ]

t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøɲ
love ˈɡʷoɡʷ
3.sing

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

But here, the word corresponding to he (i.e., the subject) is stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">øˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷoɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷoɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɡʷoɡʷ ˈt͡ʃøɲ ˈɡʷoɡʷ</p>
+  <p>gwógw chöñ gwógw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷoɡʷ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøɲ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷoɡʷ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 3.

Gwógw chöñ gwógw.

[ˈɡʷoɡʷ ˈt͡ʃøɲ ˈɡʷoɡʷ]

ˈɡʷoɡʷ
3.sing t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøɲ
love ˈɡʷoɡʷ
3.sing

“He loves her.”

(3)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Utashekin hates Uthoonagl.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Utashekin" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x289;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x282; &#x25B; k&#x2B7; i n">ʉːˈt͡ʂɛkʷin</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ai &#x2C8; &#x283; o&#x2D0; t&#x2B7;">aiˈʃoːtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Uthoonagl" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" propernoun="yes" ph="u &#x2C8; &#x3B8; y &#x14B; &#x25E; l">uˈθyŋɞl</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Utashekin hates Uthoonagl.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Utashekin" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" propernoun="yes" ph="&#x289;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x282; &#x25B; k&#x2B7; i n">ʉːˈt͡ʂɛkʷin</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="ai &#x2C8; &#x283; o&#x2D0; t&#x2B7;">aiˈʃoːtʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Uthoonagl" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" propernoun="yes" ph="u &#x2C8; &#x3B8; y &#x14B; &#x25E; l">uˈθyŋɞl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Utashekin" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" propernoun="yes">ʉːˈt͡ʂɛkʷin</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">aiˈʃoːtʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Uthoonagl" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" propernoun="yes">uˈθyŋɞl</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʉːt͡ʂɛkʷin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Utashekin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaiʃoːtʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈuθyŋɞl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Uthoonagl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷʉːt͡ʂɛkʷin ˈt͡ʃaiʃoːtʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fuθyŋɞl</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwɄʉt͡ʂæquin chaishóótw t͡ʂɵɵs pfUthyngɞl</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʉːt͡ʂɛkʷin</o>
+      <g>Utashekin</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaiʃoːtʷ</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈuθyŋɞl</o>
+      <g>Uthoonagl</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 4.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwɄʉt͡ʂæquin chaishóótw t͡ʂɵɵs pfUthyngɞl.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷʉːt͡ʂɛkʷin ˈt͡ʃaiʃoːtʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fuθyŋɞl]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈʉːt͡ʂɛkʷin
Utashekin t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈaiʃoːtʷ
hate ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈuθyŋɞl
Uthoonagl

“Utashekin hates Uthoonagl.”

(4)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="au &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">auˈrʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="au &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">auˈrʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">auˈrʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaurʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐaurʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷowɔnʷɵt͡s</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐauŕw t͡ʂɵɵs nwówonwɵtz</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaurʷ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 5.

t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐauŕw t͡ʂɵɵs nwówonwɵtz

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐaurʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷowɔnʷɵt͡s]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈaurʷ
boy ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s
apple

“the boy’s apple”

(5)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for 3.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x261;&#x2B7; o &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɡʷoˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡʷoɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɡʷoɡʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷowɔnʷɵt͡s</p>
+  <p>gwógw t͡ʂɵɵs nwówonwɵtz</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡʷoɡʷ</o>
+      <g>3.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 6.

gwógw t͡ʂɵɵs nwówonwɵtz

[ˈɡʷoɡʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷowɔnʷɵt͡s]

ˈɡʷoɡʷ
3.sing ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s
apple

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
  </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsʷɵtɬ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈsʷɵtɬ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷowɔnʷɵt͡s</p>
+  <p>swɵtlh t͡ʂɵɵs nwówonwɵtz</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsʷɵtɬ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 7.

swɵtlh t͡ʂɵɵs nwówonwɵtz

[ˈsʷɵtɬ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷowɔnʷɵt͡s]

ˈsʷɵtɬ
1excl.sing ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s
apple

“my apple”

(7)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d&#x2B7;">aːˈdʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x273; &#xF8; s&#x2B7;">øˈɳøsʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="i &#x2C8; t&#x2B7; &#x25E; n i&#x2D0; &#x14B;">iˈtʷɞniːŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; d">ɛˈd</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d&#x2B7;">aːˈdʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x273; &#xF8; s&#x2B7;">øˈɳøsʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="i &#x2C8; t&#x2B7; &#x25E; n i&#x2D0; &#x14B;">iˈtʷɞniːŋ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; d">ɛˈd</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">aːˈdʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">øˈɳøsʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">iˈtʷɞniːŋ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">ɛˈd</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɞsʈɵstœl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaːdʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøɳøsʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲœx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈitʷɞniːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐɞsʈɵstœl ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaːdʷ ˈt͡ʃøɳøsʷɶɡ ˈɲœx ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐitʷɞniːŋ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fɛd</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐɞsrtɵstœl t͡ʂɵɵs nwaadw chörnöswɶg ñœkh t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐitwɞniing t͡ʂɵɵs pfæd</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɞsʈɵstœl</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaːdʷ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøɳøsʷ</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲœx</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈitʷɞniːŋ</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛd</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 8.

T͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐɞsrtɵstœl t͡ʂɵɵs nwaadw chörnöswɶg ñœkh t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐitwɞniing t͡ʂɵɵs pfæd.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐɞsʈɵstœl ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaːdʷ ˈt͡ʃøɳøsʷɶɡ ˈɲœx ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐitʷɞniːŋ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fɛd]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈɞsʈɵstœl
hunter ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈaːdʷ
daughter t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøɳøsʷ
kiss -ɶɡ
PAST ˈɲœx
2.sing ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈitʷɞniːŋ
neighbour ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈɛd
son

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(8)

Derivation

Ider has no derivational processes.

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x3B8;&#x2B7; &#x276; &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x282; &#x254; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x153;&#x2D0; &#x27D;">ɵˈt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x3B8;&#x2B7; &#x276; &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x282; &#x254; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x153;&#x2D0; &#x27D;">ɵˈt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">ɵˈt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθʷɶŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈθʷɶŋʷ ˈnʷɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</p>
+  <p>thwɶngw nwɵt͡ʂogwœœrr</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθʷɶŋʷ</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 9.

thwɶngw nwɵt͡ʂogwœœrr

[ˈθʷɶŋʷ ˈnʷɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ]

ˈθʷɶŋʷ
a nʷ-
NOM ˈɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ
lamb

“a lamb”

(9)

Note how none show up here:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>want</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>have</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
          <noun>lamb</noun>
          <adj>little</adj>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>want</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>have</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-          <noun>lamb</noun>
-          <adj>little</adj>
+        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="want"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="have"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for want/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for have/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for little/adj/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
          <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-        </np>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">uːˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="e &#x2C8; &#x27E;&#x2B7;">eˈɾʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x3B8;&#x2B7; &#x276; &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t &#x25B; &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">tɛˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x282; &#x254; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x153;&#x2D0; &#x27D;">ɵˈt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" ph="x&#x2B7; &#x153; f &#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="lamb3" translation="She wanted to have a little lamb.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k&#x2B7;">uːˈkʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" ph="e &#x2C8; &#x27E;&#x2B7;">eˈɾʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x3B8;&#x2B7; &#x276; &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t &#x25B; &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">tɛˈt͡s</word>
-    <thingy type="adjnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x282; &#x254; &#x261;&#x2B7; &#x153;&#x2D0; &#x27D;">ɵˈt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</word>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" ph="x&#x2B7; &#x153; f &#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="want" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">uːˈkʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="have" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing">eˈɾʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">tɛˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɵˈt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈuːkʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;want&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈeɾʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;have&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθʷɶŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtɛt͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xʷœˈfɔit͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃuːkʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʃeɾʷɶɡ ˈθʷɶŋʷ ˈtɛt͡s ˈp͡fɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ xʷœˈfɔit͡s</p>
+  <p>chuuquɶg cherwɶg thwɶngw tætz pfɵt͡ʂogwœœrr khwœfɔitz</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈuːkʷ</o>
+      <g>want</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈeɾʷ</o>
+      <g>have</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθʷɶŋʷ</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtɛt͡s</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>xʷœˈfɔit͡s</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 10.

Chuuquɶg cherwɶg thwɶngw tætz pfɵt͡ʂogwœœrr khwœfɔitz.

[ˈt͡ʃuːkʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʃeɾʷɶɡ ˈθʷɶŋʷ ˈtɛt͡s ˈp͡fɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ xʷœˈfɔit͡s]

t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈuːkʷ
want -ɶɡ
PAST t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈeɾʷ
have -ɶɡ
PAST ˈθʷɶŋʷ
a ˈtɛt͡s
little p͡f-
ACC ˈɵt͡ʂɔɡʷœːɽ
lamb xʷœˈfɔit͡s
COMP

“She wanted to have a little lamb.”

(10)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

The verbal phrase clitics in Ider fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing voice, comprising swɶɶɸ /sʷɶːɸ/ ‘passive’; second, a clitic expressing mode, comprising tzɵw /t͡sɵw/ ‘imperative’, lɞngw /lɞŋʷ/ ‘conditional’ and shʉdw /ʃʉdʷ/ ‘optative’; third, a clitic expressing negation, comprising rræm /ɽɛm/ ‘NEG’; and finally, fourth, a clitic expressing subj, comprising fœt͡ʂ /fœt͡ʂ/ ‘1incl.sing’, shʉr /ʃʉɾ/ ‘1excl.sing’, hlɞthw /ɬɞθʷ/ ‘2.sing’, nwórt /nʷoʈ/ ‘1incl.plur’, syñ /syɲ/ ‘1excl.plur’, tzaf /t͡saf/ ‘2.plur’ and thʉt͡ʂ /θʉt͡ʂ/ ‘3.plur’.

In addition, the verb is structured like this: first, an obligatory prefix expressing question, comprising f- /f-/ ‘Q’ and ch- /t͡ʃ-/ ‘not.Q’; second, the root; and finally, third, an optional suffix expressing ta, comprising -ɶg /-ɶɡ/ ‘PAST’.

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">øˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɲœˈx</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲœx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃøɲ ʃʉɾ ˈɲœx</p>
+  <p>chöñ shʉr ñœkh</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøɲ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲœx</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 11.

Chöñ shʉr ñœkh.

[ˈt͡ʃøɲ ʃʉɾ ˈɲœx]

t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøɲ
love ʃʉɾ
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈɲœx
2.sing

“I love you.”

(11)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="d y&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k">dyːˈk</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="o &#x2C8; k&#x361;x &#x254; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">oˈk͡xɔŋʷ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="d y&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k">dyːˈk</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="o &#x2C8; k&#x361;x &#x254; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">oˈk͡xɔŋʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">dyːˈk</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">oˈk͡xɔŋʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdyːk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in_surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈok͡xɔŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈdyːk ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷok͡xɔŋʷ</p>
+  <p>dyyk t͡ʂɵɵs nwókkhongw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdyːk</o>
+      <g>in_surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈok͡xɔŋʷ</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 12.

dyyk t͡ʂɵɵs nwókkhongw

[ˈdyːk ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷok͡xɔŋʷ]

ˈdyːk
in_surface ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈok͡xɔŋʷ
table

“on the table”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="d&#x361;&#x290; y &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">d͡ʐyˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="au &#x2C8; f &#xF8; &#x27D; a&#x2D0; &#x273;">auˈføɽaːɳ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="d&#x361;&#x290; y &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">d͡ʐyˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" ph="au &#x2C8; f &#xF8; &#x27D; a&#x2D0; &#x273;">auˈføɽaːɳ</word>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">d͡ʐyˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number">auˈføɽaːɳ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈd͡ʐyt͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to_inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈauføɽaːɳ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈd͡ʐyt͡ʃ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷauføɽaːɳ</p>
+  <p>d͡ʐych t͡ʂɵɵs nwauförraarn</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈd͡ʐyt͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>to_inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈauføɽaːɳ</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 13.

d͡ʐych t͡ʂɵɵs nwauförraarn

[ˈd͡ʐyt͡ʃ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷauføɽaːɳ]

ˈd͡ʐyt͡ʃ
to_inside ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈauføɽaːɳ
box

“into the box”

(13)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
+      <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="d&#x2B7; i&#x2D0; s&#x2B7; e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x14B;">dʷiːsʷeːˈŋ</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="d&#x2B7; i&#x2D0; s&#x2B7; e&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x14B;">dʷiːsʷeːˈŋ</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">dʷiːsʷeːˈŋ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" locus="number">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsʷɵtɬ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ ˈsʷɵtɬ</p>
+  <p>dwiisweeng swɵtlh</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsʷɵtɬ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 14.

dwiisweeng swɵtlh

[dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ ˈsʷɵtɬ]

dʷiːˈsʷeːŋ
COMIT ˈsʷɵtɬ
1excl.sing

“with me”

(14)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Ider employs Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) as its basic word order. The subject is followed by the verb, with the object occurring in post-verbal position. This ordering is widely attested across the world’s languages.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Ider.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="e &#x2C8; s e&#x2D0; f &#x25E; x">eˈseːfɞx</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="a &#x2C8; k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">aˈk͡xʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="e &#x2C8; s e&#x2D0; f &#x25E; x">eˈseːfɞx</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="a &#x2C8; k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">aˈk͡xʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">eˈseːfɞx</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">aˈk͡xʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈeseːfɞx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈak͡xʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɞsʈɵstœl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷeseːfɞx ˈt͡ʃak͡xʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fɞsʈɵstœl</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nweseefɞkh chakkhwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfɞsrtɵstœl</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈeseːfɞx</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈak͡xʷ</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɞsʈɵstœl</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 15.

T͡ʂɵɵs nweseefɞkh chakkhwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfɞsrtɵstœl.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷeseːfɞx ˈt͡ʃak͡xʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fɞsʈɵstœl]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈeseːfɞx
jaguar t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈak͡xʷ
kill -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈɞsʈɵstœl
hunter

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(15)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
-    <np type="owner_owned" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="ai &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7; &#x254;&#x2D0; s+k&#x2B7; i b">aiˈŋʷɔːskʷib</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">yˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d&#x2B7;">aːˈdʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="ai &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">aiˈrʷ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="ai &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7; &#x254;&#x2D0; s+k&#x2B7; i b">aiˈŋʷɔːskʷib</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">yˈtʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d&#x2B7;">aːˈdʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC" ph="ai &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">aiˈrʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">aiˈŋʷɔːskʷib</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">yˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">aːˈdʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="ACC">aiˈrʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaiŋʷɔːskʷib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈytʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɞsʈɵstœl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaːdʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈairʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaiŋʷɔːskʷib ˈt͡ʃytʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐɞsʈɵstœl ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐaːdʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fairʷ</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwaingwoosquib chytwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐɞsrtɵstœl t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐaadw t͡ʂɵɵs pfaiŕw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaiŋʷɔːskʷib</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈytʷ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɞsʈɵstœl</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaːdʷ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈairʷ</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 16.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwaingwoosquib chytwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐɞsrtɵstœl t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐaadw t͡ʂɵɵs pfaiŕw.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaiŋʷɔːskʷib ˈt͡ʃytʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐɞsʈɵstœl ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐaːdʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fairʷ]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈaiŋʷɔːskʷib
lion t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈytʷ
eat -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈɞsʈɵstœl
hunter ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈaːdʷ
daughter ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈairʷ
dog

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(16)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Ider reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-final: the possessor precedes the possessed noun. For example, Ider expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “child toy”. This ordering is found in many SOV and postpositional languages and aligns with a broader tendency towards modifier-first structures.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
  </np>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/case/obligatory
Got GEN
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; d">ɛˈd</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="e &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">eˈrʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; l i&#x2D0; b &#x25B;&#x2D0; r">ɵːliːbɛːr</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; d">ɛˈd</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN" attach="prefix" ph="d&#x361;&#x290;">d͡ʐ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" ph="e &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">eˈrʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; l i&#x2D0; b &#x25B;&#x2D0; r">ɵːliːbɛːr</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">ɛˈd</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="GEN">d͡ʐ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">eˈrʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="NOM">ɵːliːbɛːr</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲœx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;d͡ʐ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;GEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈerʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɵːliːbɛːr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈɲœx ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐɛd ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐerʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs nʷɵːliːbɛːr</p>
+  <p>ñœkh t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐæd t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐeŕw t͡ʂɵɵs nwɵɵliibææŕ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲœx</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛd</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>d͡ʐ-</o>
+      <g>GEN</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈerʷ</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɵːliːbɛːr</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 17.

ñœkh t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐæd t͡ʂɵɵs d͡ʐeŕw t͡ʂɵɵs nwɵɵliibææŕ

[ˈɲœx ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐɛd ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈd͡ʐerʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs nʷɵːliːbɛːr]

ˈɲœx
2.sing ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈɛd
son ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the d͡ʐ-
GEN ˈerʷ
friend ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ɵːliːbɛːr
book

“your son’s friend’s book”

(17)

Case Marking

Ider uses nominative–accusative case marking. The subject of an intransitive verb and the subject of a transitive verb are treated alike and take the nominative case, while the object of a transitive verb is marked with the accusative case. This is the familiar pattern from many European languages: the grammar groups together the participants that function as subjects and marks the participant affected by a transitive action separately.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x256;">oːˈɖ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x256;">oːˈɖ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">oːˈɖ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈoːɖ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃoːɖ</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chóórd</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈoːɖ</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 18.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chóórd.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃoːɖ]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛxʷ
cat t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈoːɖ
sleep

“The cat is sleeping.”

(18)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x283;">aːˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x283;">aːˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing">aːˈʃ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaːʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃaːʃ</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chaash</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaːʃ</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 19.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chaash.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃaːʃ]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛxʷ
cat t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈaːʃ
run

“The cat is running.”

(19)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; p&#x361;f y &#x14B;&#x2B7;">øˈp͡fyŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; p&#x361;f y &#x14B;&#x2B7;">øˈp͡fyŋʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">øˈp͡fyŋʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøp͡fyŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyɽɛstʷiw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃøp͡fyŋʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fyɽɛstʷiw</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chöpfyngw t͡ʂɵɵs pfyrræstwiw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøp͡fyŋʷ</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyɽɛstʷiw</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 20.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chöpfyngw t͡ʂɵɵs pfyrræstwiw.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃøp͡fyŋʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fyɽɛstʷiw]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛxʷ
cat t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøp͡fyŋʷ
chase ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈyɽɛstʷiw
mouse

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(20)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyɽɛstʷiw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fyɽɛstʷiw</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfyrræstwiw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyɽɛstʷiw</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 21.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfyrræstwiw.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fyɽɛstʷiw]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛxʷ
cat t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈɵːd
catch -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈyɽɛstʷiw
mouse

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(21)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="plur">
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/number/optional
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/optional
Got plur

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="a &#x2C8; k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">aˈk͡xʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="e &#x2C8; s e&#x2D0; f &#x25E; x">eˈseːfɞx</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x272; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɲøˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k&#x2B7; a&#x2D0; x o&#x2D0; s&#x2B7;">iːˈkʷaːxoːsʷ</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x272; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɲøˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="ai &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7; &#x254;&#x2D0; s+k&#x2B7; i b">aiˈŋʷɔːskʷib</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="&#x25E; &#x2C8; s+&#x288; &#x275; s+t &#x153; l">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur" ph="a &#x2C8; k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">aˈk͡xʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="e &#x2C8; s e&#x2D0; f &#x25E; x">eˈseːfɞx</word>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x272; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɲøˈɡʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k&#x2B7; a&#x2D0; x o&#x2D0; s&#x2B7;">iːˈkʷaːxoːsʷ</word>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x272; &#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x261;&#x2B7;">ɲøˈɡʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur" attach="prefix" ph="a n&#x2B7;">anʷ</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="ai &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7; &#x254;&#x2D0; s+k&#x2B7; i b">aiˈŋʷɔːskʷib</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">ɞˈsʈɵstœl</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.plur">aˈk͡xʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">eˈseːfɞx</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɲøˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">iːˈkʷaːxoːsʷ</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ɲøˈɡʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="plur">anʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">aiˈŋʷɔːskʷib</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɞsʈɵstœl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈak͡xʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;anʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈeseːfɞx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲøɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;anʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈiːkʷaːxoːsʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲøɡʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;anʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaiŋʷɔːskʷib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɞsʈɵstœl ˈt͡ʃak͡xʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs p͡faˈnʷeseːfɞx ˈɲøɡʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs p͡faˈnʷiːkʷaːxoːsʷ ˈɲøɡʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs p͡faˈnʷaiŋʷɔːskʷib</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwɞsrtɵstœl chakkhwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfanweseefɞkh ñögw t͡ʂɵɵs pfanwiiquaakhóósw ñögw t͡ʂɵɵs pfanwaingwoosquib</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɞsʈɵstœl</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈak͡xʷ</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>anʷ-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈeseːfɞx</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲøɡʷ</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>anʷ-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈiːkʷaːxoːsʷ</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲøɡʷ</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>anʷ-</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaiŋʷɔːskʷib</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 22.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwɞsrtɵstœl chakkhwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfanweseefɞkh ñögw t͡ʂɵɵs pfanwiiquaakhóósw ñögw t͡ʂɵɵs pfanwaingwoosquib.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɞsʈɵstœl ˈt͡ʃak͡xʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs p͡faˈnʷeseːfɞx ˈɲøɡʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs p͡faˈnʷiːkʷaːxoːsʷ ˈɲøɡʷ ˈt͡ʂɵːs p͡faˈnʷaiŋʷɔːskʷib]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɞsʈɵstœl
hunter t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈak͡xʷ
kill -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC anʷ-
plur ˈeseːfɞx
jaguar ˈɲøɡʷ
and ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC anʷ-
plur ˈiːkʷaːxoːsʷ
tiger ˈɲøɡʷ
and ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC anʷ-
plur ˈaiŋʷɔːskʷib
lion

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(22)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Ider provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Ider forms relative clauses by placing the relative clause after the noun it modifies. The clause follows the internal word order of ordinary finite clauses. A dedicated relativising marker introduces the clause and identifies the relationship between the head noun and its role inside the relative clause.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɛˈxʷ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈixʷɛʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fɛxʷ</p>
+  <p>chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs pfækhw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈixʷɛʃ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 23.

Chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs pfækhw.

[ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fɛxʷ]

t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈixʷɛʃ
pat -ɶɡ
PAST ʃʉɾ
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈɛxʷ
cat

“I patted the cat.”

(23)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
+    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+        <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">ɛˈxʷ,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈixʷɛʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyɽɛstʷiw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fyɽɛstʷiw</p>
+  <p>chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw, sars chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfyrræstwiw</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈixʷɛʃ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsaʂ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyɽɛstʷiw</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 24.

Chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw, sars chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfyrræstwiw.

[ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fyɽɛstʷiw]

t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈixʷɛʃ
pat -ɶɡ
PAST ʃʉɾ
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛxʷ
cat ˈsaʂ
RELPRON t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈɵːd
catch -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈyɽɛstʷiw
mouse

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(24)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <np id="parent">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
+          <relp comma="after">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
+    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent">
+        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" number="sing">
+        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
-              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for RELPRON/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for RELPRON/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+        <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+            <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+            <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+              <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+              <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+              <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-          </np>
-          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">yˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after" ph="&#x289; &#x2C8; m &#x289;&#x2D0; &#x3B8; e&#x2D0; &#x261;">ʉˈmʉːθeːɡ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">yˈtʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after" ph="&#x289; &#x2C8; m &#x289;&#x2D0; &#x3B8; e&#x2D0; &#x261;">ʉˈmʉːθeːɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">ɛˈxʷ,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">yˈɽɛstʷiw,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">yˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" comma="after">ʉˈmʉːθeːɡ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈixʷɛʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyɽɛstʷiw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈytʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʉmʉːθeːɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷyɽɛstʷiw, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃytʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fʉmʉːθeːɡ</p>
+  <p>chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw, sars chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs nwyrræstwiw, sars chytwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfʉmʉʉtheeg</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈixʷɛʃ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsaʂ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyɽɛstʷiw</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsaʂ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈytʷ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʉmʉːθeːɡ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 25.

Chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw, sars chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs nwyrræstwiw, sars chytwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs pfʉmʉʉtheeg.

[ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷyɽɛstʷiw, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃytʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈp͡fʉmʉːθeːɡ]

t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈixʷɛʃ
pat -ɶɡ
PAST ʃʉɾ
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈɛxʷ
cat ˈsaʂ
RELPRON t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈɵːd
catch -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈyɽɛstʷiw
mouse ˈsaʂ
RELPRON t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈytʷ
eat -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the p͡f-
ACC ˈʉmʉːθeːɡ
cheese

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(25)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      </np>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <np id="parent">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <relp comma="after">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <np id="parent">
+              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+              <relp comma="after">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
+    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent">
+        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent">
+            <np id="parent" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
+              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
+                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" number="sing">
+        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" number="sing">
+            <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
-              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
-                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
-                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for RELPRON/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for RELPRON/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for RELPRON/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for buy/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+        <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+            <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+            <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+              <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
+              <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
+                <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+                <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
+                  <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+                  <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-          </np>
-          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" number="sing" case="NOM">
-              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-              </np>
-              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC"/>
-                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-                </np>
-              </relp>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after"/>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">yˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x289; &#x2C8; m &#x289;&#x2D0; &#x3B8; e&#x2D0; &#x261;">ʉˈmʉːθeːɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">yˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7; &#x25B; &#x283;">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x25B; &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">ɛˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="&#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; d">ɵːˈd</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x27D; &#x25B; s+t&#x2B7; i w">yˈɽɛstʷiw</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">yˈtʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" ph="&#x289; &#x2C8; m &#x289;&#x2D0; &#x3B8; e&#x2D0; &#x261;">ʉˈmʉːθeːɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" ph="s a &#x2C8; &#x282;">saˈʂ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing" ph="y &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">yˈŋʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">iˈxʷɛʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">ɛˈxʷ,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">ɵːˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">yˈɽɛstʷiw,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing">yˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp">ʉˈmʉːθeːɡ,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">saˈʂ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing" subj="1excl.sing">yˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈixʷɛʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɛxʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɵːd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyɽɛstʷiw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈytʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʉmʉːθeːɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsaʂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈyŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsʷɵtɬ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷyɽɛstʷiw, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃytʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷʉmʉːθeːɡ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃyŋʷɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈsʷɵtɬ</p>
+  <p>chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw, sars chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs nwyrræstwiw, sars chytwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs nwʉmʉʉtheeg, sars chyngwɶg shʉr swɵtlh</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈixʷɛʃ</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɛxʷ</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsaʂ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɵːd</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyɽɛstʷiw</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsaʂ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈytʷ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʉmʉːθeːɡ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsaʂ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈyŋʷ</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsʷɵtɬ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 26.

Chikhwæshɶg shʉr t͡ʂɵɵs nwækhw, sars chɵɵdɶg t͡ʂɵɵs nwyrræstwiw, sars chytwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs nwʉmʉʉtheeg, sars chyngwɶg shʉr swɵtlh.

[ˈt͡ʃixʷɛʃɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷɛxʷ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃɵːdɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷyɽɛstʷiw, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃytʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷʉmʉːθeːɡ, ˈsaʂ ˈt͡ʃyŋʷɶɡ ʃʉɾ ˈsʷɵtɬ]

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(26)

Complementation Strategies

Ider introduces complement clauses with a dedicated complementiser, similar to English that. The complementiser appears at the beginning of the embedded clause and signals that the clause functions as a syntactic argument. The embedded clause is fully finite and displays the same tense, aspect and agreement patterns as independent clauses.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-        </np>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="au &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">auˈrʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">ɔiˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">k͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">iˈxʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x3B8;&#x2B7; &#x276; &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing" ph="x&#x2B7; &#x153; f &#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w e s&#x2B7;">øːˈwesʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">k͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x261; i&#x2D0; t &#x25B;&#x2D0; r">aːɡiːtɛːr</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="au &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">auˈrʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing" ph="&#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x2B7;">ɔiˈtʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">k͡xʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">iˈxʷ</word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x3B8;&#x2B7; &#x276; &#x2C8; &#x14B;&#x2B7;">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="p&#x361;f">p͡f</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="o &#x2C8; w &#x254; n&#x2B7; &#x275; t&#x361;s">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing" ph="x&#x2B7; &#x153; f &#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" ph="&#xF8;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w e s&#x2B7;">øːˈwesʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">k͡xʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="a&#x2D0; &#x261; i&#x2D0; t &#x25B;&#x2D0; r">aːɡiːtɛːr</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">auˈrʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="3.sing">ɔiˈtʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT">k͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">iˈxʷ</word>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">θʷɶˈŋʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC">p͡f</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">oˈwɔnʷɵt͡s</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing">øːˈwesʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT">k͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">aːɡiːtɛːr</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaurʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɔitʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;k͡xʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈixʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈθʷɶŋʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;p͡f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xʷœˈfɔit͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøːwesʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;k͡xʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;aːɡiːtɛːr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaurʷ ˈt͡ʃɔitʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈk͡xʷixʷ ˈθʷɶŋʷ ˈp͡fowɔnʷɵt͡s xʷœˈfɔit͡s ˈt͡ʃøːwesʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs k͡xʷaːɡiːtɛːr</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwauŕw chɔitwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs kkhwikhw thwɶngw pfówonwɵtz khwœfɔitz chööweswɶg t͡ʂɵɵs kkhwaagiitææŕ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaurʷ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɔitʷ</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>k͡xʷ-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈixʷ</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈθʷɶŋʷ</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>p͡f-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>xʷœˈfɔit͡s</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøːwesʷ</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>k͡xʷ-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>aːɡiːtɛːr</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 27.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwauŕw chɔitwɶg t͡ʂɵɵs kkhwikhw thwɶngw pfówonwɵtz khwœfɔitz chööweswɶg t͡ʂɵɵs kkhwaagiitææŕ.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaurʷ ˈt͡ʃɔitʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈk͡xʷixʷ ˈθʷɶŋʷ ˈp͡fowɔnʷɵt͡s xʷœˈfɔit͡s ˈt͡ʃøːwesʷɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs k͡xʷaːɡiːtɛːr]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈaurʷ
boy t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈɔitʷ
give -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the k͡xʷ-
DAT ˈixʷ
girl ˈθʷɶŋʷ
a p͡f-
ACC ˈowɔnʷɵt͡s
apple xʷœˈfɔit͡s
COMP t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøːwesʷ
surprise -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the k͡xʷ-
DAT aːɡiːtɛːr
teacher

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(27)

Quotes

Ider expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for tell/verb/ta/optional
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for 1excl.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/question/obligatory
Got not.Q
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/optional
Got PRES
About to call getSlotValue for 2.sing/pron/number/optional
Got sing

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
+          <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-        </np>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="au &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">auˈrʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="au &#x2C8; s">auˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">k͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">iˈxʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl" ph="x&#x2B7; &#x153; f &#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="n&#x2B7;">nʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="au &#x2C8; r&#x2B7;">auˈrʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing" ph="au &#x2C8; s">auˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="&#x276; &#x261;">ɶɡ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="t&#x361;&#x282; &#x275;&#x2D0; &#x2C8; s">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="k&#x361;x&#x2B7;">k͡xʷ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" ph="i &#x2C8; x&#x2B7;">iˈxʷ</word>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="s&#x2B7; &#x275; &#x2C8; t&#x26C;">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="proclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q" attach="prefix" ph="t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃ</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="&#xF8; &#x2C8; &#x272;">øˈɲ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x283; &#x289; &#x27E;">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="pronnumber" function="prefix" gloss="sing" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="&#x272; &#x153; &#x2C8; x">ɲœˈx</word>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl" ph="x&#x2B7; &#x153; f &#x254;i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM">nʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">auˈrʷ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing" indobj="3.sing" obj="1excl.sing">auˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">ɶɡ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">t͡ʂɵːˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT">k͡xʷ</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">iˈxʷ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">sʷɵˈtɬ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbquestion" function="prefix" gloss="not.Q">t͡ʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">øˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ʃʉɾ</thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">ɲœˈx</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" number="sing" person="1excl">xʷœfɔiˈt͡s</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaurʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈaus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ɶɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʂɵːs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;k͡xʷ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈixʷ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsʷɵtɬ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃ-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;not.Q&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈøɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃʉɾ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲœx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;xʷœˈfɔit͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaurʷ ˈt͡ʃausɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈk͡xʷixʷ ˈsʷɵtɬ ˈt͡ʃøɲ ʃʉɾ ˈɲœx xʷœˈfɔit͡s</p>
+  <p>t͡ʂɵɵs nwauŕw chausɶg t͡ʂɵɵs kkhwikhw swɵtlh chöñ shʉr ñœkh khwœfɔitz</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nʷ-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaurʷ</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈaus</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ɶɡ</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʂɵːs</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>k͡xʷ-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈixʷ</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsʷɵtɬ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃ-</o>
+      <g>not.Q</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈøɲ</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃʉɾ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲœx</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>xʷœˈfɔit͡s</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 28.

T͡ʂɵɵs nwauŕw chausɶg t͡ʂɵɵs kkhwikhw swɵtlh chöñ shʉr ñœkh khwœfɔitz.

[ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈnʷaurʷ ˈt͡ʃausɶɡ ˈt͡ʂɵːs ˈk͡xʷixʷ ˈsʷɵtɬ ˈt͡ʃøɲ ʃʉɾ ˈɲœx xʷœˈfɔit͡s]

ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the nʷ-
NOM ˈaurʷ
boy t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈaus
tell -ɶɡ
PAST ˈt͡ʂɵːs
the k͡xʷ-
DAT ˈixʷ
girl ˈsʷɵtɬ
1excl.sing t͡ʃ-
not.Q ˈøɲ
love ʃʉɾ
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈɲœx
2.sing xʷœˈfɔit͡s
COMP

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(28)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Ider. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 25 September 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5DUAE

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-5DUAE,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Ider}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5DUAE}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 25 September 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Ider / Ider–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

Readers are encouraged to share observations or corrections via the feedback form. The present page may be accessed directly at:

https://languagecreator.org/grammar/5DUAE

Behind the scenes, the Language Creator stores the generated language in a JSON-based format known as ELD. The corresponding ELD file may be downloaded, edited as required, and reuploaded in order to regenerate the grammar, dictionary and texts.

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