A Grammar of Tsash

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Tsash language (the 1223rd one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Tsash.

Typological Profile

It has not just singular and plural, but also dual, as well as the typologically rare OSV basic word order and a rich system of noun classes.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Tsash has 20 consonant phonemes, a size that falls within a broadly average range.

It has a notable dental–alveolar contrast across several manners.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Tsash. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	alveolar	postalveolar	alveolo-palatal	lateral	palatal	velar	glottal
stop	b	d t					k ɡ
nasal	m	n				ɲ	ŋ
fricative	f	s	ʃ					h
approximant	ʋ				l	j
affricate		t͡s	t͡ʃ	t͡ɕ

Vowels

Tsash has 9 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.

It has phonologically distinctive back unrounded vowels.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Tsash. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front	central	back unrounded	back rounded
close	i		ɯ	u
mid	e		ɤ	o
open		a

Stress and Tones

Tsash has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

The language employs vowel harmony. To be specific, the following vowels change to match the first vowel of the root: /i/ becomes /ɯ/, /e/ becomes /ɤ/.

Writing System

Introduction

Tsash is normally written using the Latin alphabet, whose familiarity makes it straightforward for most readers. For clarity and precision, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also provided throughout this grammar.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

a /a/	b /b/	d /d/	e /e/
f /f/	g /ɡ/	h /h/	i /i/
j /j/	k /k/	l /l/	m /m/
n /n/	o /o/	s /s/	t /t/
u /u/	w /ʋ/	ñ /ɲ/	ơ /ɤ/
ư /ɯ/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

ai /ai/	au /au/	ch /t͡ʃ/
ng /ŋ/	sh /ʃ/	ty /t͡ɕ/
tz /t͡s/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Tsash distinguishes singular, dual and plural.

Gender

Tsash has the following noun classes:

Class cl.1 – for instance: chashaf ‘fog’, choshus ‘binoculars’, chưh ‘rain’, chưty ‘inside’, dichauk ‘medicine’, dolah ‘school’, gotyơt ‘worm’, jachơm ‘mouse’, jasuch ‘bank’, katus ‘market’, lineb ‘student’, lơn ‘bed’, metas ‘cheese’, suwod ‘restaurant’, tugatz ‘snow’, tyas ‘table’, tzaib ‘sound’, tưw ‘wind’, wakon ‘seed’, ñaf ‘meat’.

Class cl.2 – for instance: dơty ‘fire’, ful ‘house’, gekưj ‘God’, kichaiñ ‘neighbour’, lif ‘husband’, lơs ‘idea’, nashon ‘box’, shat ‘friend’, shityauñ ‘net’, sưtz ‘sun’, tok ‘name’, tzash ‘Tsash’, tzemaul ‘ash’, wautz ‘city’, wid ‘wife’, ñoshưñ ‘smoke’.

Class cl.3 – for instance: bekun ‘money’, chul ‘knife’, daush ‘bone’, faweg ‘plain’, fưg ‘land’, gewaiñ ‘dust’, hung ‘chair’, hunơch ‘slime’, manik ‘fat’, meshetz ‘rope’, nagưty ‘lake’, namaim ‘breath’, shifaj ‘salt’, shub ‘earth’, tyaif ‘time’, tzegis ‘dialect’, tzơb ‘tooth’, wenog ‘horn’, wơt ‘road’, ñigon ‘mountain’.

Class cl.4 – for instance: bigan ‘anus’, bog ‘child’, chej ‘son’, dibis ‘mortar’, faf ‘human being’, fitzaing ‘faeces’, gauñ ‘father’, lajoch ‘urine’, ngatơm ‘jaguar’, ngech ‘man’, ngesơg ‘umbrella’, sowib ‘tiger’, sưw ‘night’, tafad ‘mammal’, tyemach ‘embrace’, tzedưk ‘farmer’, ñagauty ‘feather’, ñautz ‘boy’, ñofưs ‘lamb’, ñog ‘woman’.

Class cl.5 – for instance: betzưtz ‘machine’, chalaus ‘sand’, chom ‘star’, hil ‘ear’, jaif ‘tongue’, jưñ ‘eye’, kechơb ‘root’, kưch ‘sea’, loty ‘east’, mesh ‘sky’, mogis ‘river’, nagosh ‘ice’, ngib ‘south’, sitz ‘water’, sơn ‘nose’, taj ‘moon’, tyaung ‘north’, tzehan ‘stick’, tzitz ‘day’, tzơt ‘west’.

Class cl.6 – for instance: gib ‘fruit’, jetyưs ‘vagina’, jưsh ‘foot’, madon ‘liver’, ming ‘leg’, mơw ‘colour’, nadich ‘wing’, nanaiñ ‘flower’, nasag ‘grass’, nauj ‘mouth’, ngaub ‘leaf’, sañ ‘speech’, shan ‘head’, shif ‘blood’, shobus ‘bosom’, shod ‘tree’, tasod ‘neck’, tzabety ‘apple’, tzưs ‘surface’, wañach ‘tower’.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Tsash can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/gender/obligatory
Got cl.1
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-        </np>
-      </pp>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; j">ʃaˈj</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="&#x272; ai &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɲaiˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; ai &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕaiˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɲoˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; u t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃuˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; j">ʃaˈj</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264; t" underlying="e t">ɤt</thingy>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="&#x272; ai &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɲaiˈt͡ɕ</word>
    <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; ai &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕaiˈʃ</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɲoˈɡ</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; u t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃuˈl</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; j">ʃaˈj</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264; t" underlying="e t">ɤt</thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="&#x272; ai &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">ɲaiˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1" attach="suffix" ph="i f">if</thingy>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; ai &#x2C8; &#x283;">t͡ɕaiˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɲoˈɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; u t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃuˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">ʃaˈj</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="e t">ɤt</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">ɲaiˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="adjgender" function="suffix" gloss="cl.1">if</thingy>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">t͡ɕaiˈʃ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">ɲoˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="cl.3" case="ACT">t͡ʃuˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʃaj&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈt͡ʃɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲait͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cl.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕaiʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲoɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʃul&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈʃaj jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤt ˈɲait͡ɕif ˈt͡ɕaiʃ ˈjaut͡s ˈɲoɡe ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ʃule taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal</p>
+  <p>shaj jachơmơt ñaityif tyaish jautz ñoge guchitz jautz chule tash ngos gich ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʃaj</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈt͡ʃɤm</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-et</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲait͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-if</o>
+      <g>cl.1</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕaiʃ</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲoɡ</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʃul</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 1.

Shaj jachơmơt ñaityif tyaish jautz ñoge guchitz jautz chule tash ngos gich ñal.

[ˈʃaj jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤt ˈɲait͡ɕif ˈt͡ɕaiʃ ˈjaut͡s ˈɲoɡe ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ʃule taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal]

ˈʃaj
yon jaˈt͡ʃɤm
mouse -et
plur ˈɲait͡ɕ
blind -if
cl.1 ˈt͡ɕaiʃ
three ˈjaut͡s
the ˈɲoɡ
woman -e
sing ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s
COMIT ˈjaut͡s
the ˈt͡ʃul
knife -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈɡit͡ʃ
catch ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There is one type of clitic in the nominal phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing case. a clitic expressing case, comprising tash /taʃ/ ‘ACT’, tyuñ /t͡ɕuɲ/ ‘GEN’, ku /ku/ ‘DAT’, wotz /ʋot͡s/ ‘INS’, mesh /meʃ/ ‘VOC’, nity /nit͡ɕ/ ‘ALL’, nañ /naɲ/ ‘LOC’, shud /ʃud/ ‘ABL’ and ging /ɡiŋ/ ‘PART’.

The morphology of the elements of the nominal phrase, i.e., nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns, is described below, as is the way that possession is expressed in Tsash.

The Noun

The noun in Tsash consists of the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing number, comprising -e /-e/ ‘sing’, -es /-es/ ‘dual’ and -et /-et/ ‘plur’.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: two suffixes, namely -ik /-ik/ ‘little’ and -om /-om/ ‘big’

The Adjective

In Tsash, the adjective has the following structure: the root followed by an obligatory suffix expressing gender, comprising -if /-if/ ‘cl.1’, -un /-un/ ‘cl.2’, -iñ /-iɲ/ ‘cl.3’, -eng /-eŋ/ ‘cl.4’, -om /-om/ ‘cl.5’ and -uch /-ut͡ʃ/ ‘cl.6’.

Numerals

The numeral in Tsash stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

The determiner in Tsash stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Tsash stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

In Tsash, subject pronouns (but not object pronouns ones) are dropped unless they are stressed. Here is an example where neither of the pronouns are stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbat͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbat͡ɕ ˈdin ɲal</p>
+  <p>baty din ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbat͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdin</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 2.

Baty din ñal.

[ˈbat͡ɕ ˈdin ɲal]

ˈbat͡ɕ
3.sing.cl.4 ˈdin
love ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

But here, the word corresponding to he (i.e., the subject) is stressed:

initial XML:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love2he" translation="*He* loves her.">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" tr="rheme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbat͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbat͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbat͡ɕ ˈbat͡ɕ taʃ ˈdin ɲal</p>
+  <p>baty baty tash din ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbat͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbat͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdin</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 3.

Baty baty tash din ñal.

[ˈbat͡ɕ ˈbat͡ɕ taʃ ˈdin ɲal]

ˈbat͡ɕ
3.sing.cl.4 ˈbat͡ɕ
3.sing.cl.4 taʃ
ACT ˈdin
love ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“He loves her.”

(3)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Metod hates Chasah.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Chasah" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" propernoun="yes" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; a s a &#x2C8; h">t͡ɕasaˈh</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Metod" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" propernoun="yes" ph="m e t o &#x2C8; d">metoˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="j o t u &#x2C8; &#x283;">jotuˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x28B; i d">ʋid</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Metod hates Chasah.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Chasah" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" propernoun="yes" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; a s a &#x2C8; h">t͡ɕasaˈh</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Metod" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" propernoun="yes" ph="m e t o &#x2C8; d">metoˈd</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="j o t u &#x2C8; &#x283;">jotuˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x28B; i d">ʋid</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Chasah" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.2" propernoun="yes">t͡ɕasaˈh</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Metod" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" propernoun="yes">metoˈd</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.2">jotuˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ">ʋid</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ɕaˈsah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Chasah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;meˈtod&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Metod&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;joˈtuʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s t͡ɕaˈsahe ˈjaut͡s meˈtode taʃ joˈtuʃ ʋid</p>
+  <p>jautz Tyasahe jautz Metode tash jotush wid</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ɕaˈsah</o>
+      <g>Chasah</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>meˈtod</o>
+      <g>Metod</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>joˈtuʃ</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋid</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 4.

Jautz Tyasahe jautz Metode tash jotush wid.

[ˈjaut͡s t͡ɕaˈsahe ˈjaut͡s meˈtode taʃ joˈtuʃ ʋid]

ˈjaut͡s
the t͡ɕaˈsah
Chasah -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the meˈtod
Metod -e
sing taʃ
ACT joˈtuʃ
hate ʋid
3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ

“Metod hates Chasah.”

(4)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈbet͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s ˈɲaut͡se ˈjaut͡s t͡saˈbet͡ɕe</p>
+  <p>jautz ñautze jautz tzabetye</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲaut͡s</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈbet͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 5.

jautz ñautze jautz tzabetye

[ˈjaut͡s ˈɲaut͡se ˈjaut͡s t͡saˈbet͡ɕe]

ˈjaut͡s
the ˈɲaut͡s
boy -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the t͡saˈbet͡ɕ
apple -e
sing

“the boy’s apple”

(5)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="cl.4" gloss="3.sing.cl.4" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">baˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbat͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈbet͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbat͡ɕ ˈjaut͡s t͡saˈbet͡ɕe</p>
+  <p>baty jautz tzabetye</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbat͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈbet͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 6.

baty jautz tzabetye

[ˈbat͡ɕ ˈjaut͡s t͡saˈbet͡ɕe]

ˈbat͡ɕ
3.sing.cl.4 ˈjaut͡s
the t͡saˈbet͡ɕ
apple -e
sing

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.6" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">biˈb</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.6" case="STA">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈbet͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbib ˈjaut͡s t͡saˈbet͡ɕe</p>
+  <p>bib jautz tzabetye</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbib</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈbet͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 7.

bib jautz tzabetye

[ˈbib ˈjaut͡s t͡saˈbet͡ɕe]

ˈbib
1excl.sing ˈjaut͡s
the t͡saˈbet͡ɕ
apple -e
sing

“my apple”

(7)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="subj">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <np role="subj">
+      <np type="owner_owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="STA">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="ACT">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="STA">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj" case="ACT">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4">
+    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing">
+    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing" case="STA">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="ACT">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing" gender="cl.2">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA" role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing" case="STA">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="subj" case="ACT" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="ACT">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="ACT" role="subj">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA" role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing" case="STA">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="ACT" role="subj">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="k i t&#x361;&#x283; ai &#x2C8; &#x272;">kit͡ʃaiˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; e &#x2C8; j">t͡ʃeˈj</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT" ph="j o &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">joˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="f i f e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">fifeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="k i t&#x361;&#x283; ai &#x2C8; &#x272;">kit͡ʃaiˈɲ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; e &#x2C8; j">t͡ʃeˈj</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT" ph="j o &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">joˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="f i f e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">fifeˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">kaiˈl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">kit͡ʃaiˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">t͡ʃeˈj</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="ACT">joˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.2" subj="3.sing.cl.4">fifeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiˈt͡ʃaiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʃej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃiˈɲail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjot͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;fiˈfet͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkail ˈjaut͡s kiˈt͡ʃaiɲe ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ʃeje ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile ˈjaut͡s ˈjot͡ʃe taʃ ŋos fiˈfet͡ɕ ɲal</p>
+  <p>kail jautz kichaiñe jautz cheje jautz chiñaile jautz joche tash ngos fifety ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkail</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiˈt͡ʃaiɲ</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʃej</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃiˈɲail</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjot͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>fiˈfet͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 8.

Kail jautz kichaiñe jautz cheje jautz chiñaile jautz joche tash ngos fifety ñal.

[ˈkail ˈjaut͡s kiˈt͡ʃaiɲe ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ʃeje ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile ˈjaut͡s ˈjot͡ʃe taʃ ŋos fiˈfet͡ɕ ɲal]

ˈkail
2.sing ˈjaut͡s
the kiˈt͡ʃaiɲ
neighbour -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈt͡ʃej
son -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the t͡ʃiˈɲail
hunter -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈjot͡ʃ
daughter -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST fiˈfet͡ɕ
kiss ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(8)

Derivation

Tsash has a few derivational processes. To illustrate this, let us start with a simple noun phrase:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o f &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">ɲofɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o f &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">ɲofɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o f &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">ɲofɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">kiˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">ɲofɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲoˈfɯs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkiɲ ɲoˈfɯsɤ</p>
+  <p>kiñ ñofưsơ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkiɲ</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲoˈfɯs</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 9.

kiñ ñofưsơ

[ˈkiɲ ɲoˈfɯsɤ]

ˈkiɲ
a ɲoˈfɯs
lamb -e
sing

“a lamb”

(9)

In the following, the word for little becomes an affix attached to lamb:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
    <adj>little</adj>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
-    <adj>little</adj>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    </word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o f &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">ɲofɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="i k">ik</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o f &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">ɲofɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="i k">ik</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="&#x26F; k" underlying="i k">ɯk</thingy>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; o f &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">ɲofɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph="&#x26F; k" underlying="i k">ɯk</thingy>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">kiˈɲ</word>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">ɲofɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" underlying="i k">ɯk</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲoˈfɯs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-ik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkiɲ ɲoˈfɯsɯke</p>
+  <p>kiñ ñofưsưke</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkiɲ</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲoˈfɯs</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-ik</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 10.

kiñ ñofưsưke

[ˈkiɲ ɲoˈfɯsɯke]

ˈkiɲ
a ɲoˈfɯs
lamb -ik
little -e
sing

“a little lamb”

(10)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

The verbal phrase clitics in Tsash fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing ta, comprising ngos /ŋos/ ‘PAST’; second, a clitic expressing mode, comprising kes /kes/ ‘imperative’, fag /faɡ/ ‘conditional’ and fety /fet͡ɕ/ ‘optative’; third, a clitic expressing voice, comprising sul /sul/ ‘passive’; fourth, a clitic expressing negation, comprising tyeng /t͡ɕeŋ/ ‘NEG’; fifth, a clitic expressing subj, comprising jaty /jat͡ɕ/ ‘1incl.sing’, ngej /ŋej/ ‘1excl.sing’, haw /haʋ/ ‘2.sing’, wid /ʋid/ ‘3.sing.cl.2’, tyuf /t͡ɕuf/ ‘3.sing.cl.3’, ñal /ɲal/ ‘3.sing.cl.4’, faty /fat͡ɕ/ ‘3.sing.cl.5’, tzi /t͡si/ ‘3.sing.cl.6’, shin /ʃin/ ‘1incl.dual’, big /biɡ/ ‘1excl.dual’, kuw /kuʋ/ ‘2.dual’, kig /kiɡ/ ‘3.dual.cl.1’, ñen /ɲen/ ‘3.dual.cl.2’, mij /mij/ ‘3.dual.cl.3’, tyas /t͡ɕas/ ‘3.dual.cl.4’, ges /ɡes/ ‘3.dual.cl.5’, hush /huʃ/ ‘3.dual.cl.6’, chal /t͡ʃal/ ‘1incl.plur’, bim /bim/ ‘1excl.plur’, net /net/ ‘2.plur’, dab /dab/ ‘3.plur.cl.1’, ñity /ɲit͡ɕ/ ‘3.plur.cl.2’, si /si/ ‘3.plur.cl.3’, hon /hon/ ‘3.plur.cl.4’, tyitz /t͡ɕit͡s/ ‘3.plur.cl.5’ and tzoñ /t͡soɲ/ ‘3.plur.cl.6’; sixth, a clitic expressing question, comprising gis /ɡis/ ‘Q’; and finally, seventh, a clitic expressing comp, comprising shun /ʃun/ ‘COMP’.

The verb itself does not have any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: two suffixes, namely -da /-da/ ‘begin’ and -no /-no/ ‘stop’

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">kaiˈl</word>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkail ˈdin ŋej</p>
+  <p>kail din ngej</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkail</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdin</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 11.

Kail din ngej.

[ˈkail ˈdin ŋej]

ˈkail
2.sing ˈdin
love ŋej
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I love you.”

(11)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="t a &#x2C8; &#x272;">taˈɲ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; a &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="t a &#x2C8; &#x272;">taˈɲ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; a &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕaˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">taˈɲ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.1">t͡ɕaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtaɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in_surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtaɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕase</p>
+  <p>tañ jautz tyase</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtaɲ</o>
+      <g>in_surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕas</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 12.

tañ jautz tyase

[ˈtaɲ ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ɕase]

ˈtaɲ
in_surface ˈjaut͡s
the ˈt͡ɕas
table -e
sing

“on the table”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="m e &#x2C8; &#x272;">meˈɲ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="n a &#x283; o &#x2C8; n">naʃoˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="m e &#x2C8; &#x272;">meˈɲ</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2" ph="n a &#x283; o &#x2C8; n">naʃoˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">meˈɲ</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="cl.2">naʃoˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmeɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to_inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naˈʃon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈmeɲ ˈjaut͡s naˈʃone</p>
+  <p>meñ jautz nashone</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmeɲ</o>
+      <g>to_inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naˈʃon</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 13.

meñ jautz nashone

[ˈmeɲ ˈjaut͡s naˈʃone]

ˈmeɲ
to_inside ˈjaut͡s
the naˈʃon
box -e
sing

“into the box”

(13)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; u t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="&#x261; u t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">ɡut͡ʃiˈt͡s</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number">biˈb</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s ˈbib</p>
+  <p>guchitz bib</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbib</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 14.

guchitz bib

[ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s ˈbib]

ɡuˈt͡ʃit͡s
COMIT ˈbib
1excl.sing

“with me”

(14)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Tsash adopts Object–Subject–Verb (OSV) as its unmarked word order. The object precedes the subject, and the verb appears clause-finally. OSV is a rare ordering pattern but is attested in a small number of languages.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Tsash.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x14B; a t &#x264; &#x2C8; m">ŋatɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="l i &#x2C8; b">liˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x14B; a t &#x264; &#x2C8; m">ŋatɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="l i &#x2C8; b">liˈb</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x14B; a t &#x264; &#x2C8; m">ŋatɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="l i &#x2C8; b">liˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">ŋatɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">liˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃiˈɲail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋaˈtɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈlib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile ˈjaut͡s ŋaˈtɤmɤ taʃ ŋos ˈlib ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz chiñaile jautz ngatơmơ tash ngos lib ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃiˈɲail</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋaˈtɤm</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈlib</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 15.

Jautz chiñaile jautz ngatơmơ tash ngos lib ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile ˈjaut͡s ŋaˈtɤmɤ taʃ ŋos ˈlib ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the t͡ʃiˈɲail
hunter -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ŋaˈtɤm
jaguar -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈlib
kill ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(15)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="STA">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="STA">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4">
+    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" case="STA" number="sing" gender="cl.4">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA" role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA" role="obj">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j o &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">joˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j o &#x2C8; &#x28B;">joˈʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x261; i d u &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j o &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">joˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j o &#x2C8; &#x28B;">joˈʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x261; i d u &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">joˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">joˈʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃiˈɲail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjot͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjoʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡiˈduɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕɯs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile ˈjaut͡s ˈjot͡ʃe ˈjaut͡s ˈjoʋe ˈjaut͡s ɡiˈduɡe taʃ ŋos ˈt͡ɕɯs ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz chiñaile jautz joche jautz jowe jautz giduge tash ngos tyưs ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃiˈɲail</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjot͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjoʋ</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡiˈduɡ</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕɯs</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 16.

Jautz chiñaile jautz joche jautz jowe jautz giduge tash ngos tyưs ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile ˈjaut͡s ˈjot͡ʃe ˈjaut͡s ˈjoʋe ˈjaut͡s ɡiˈduɡe taʃ ŋos ˈt͡ɕɯs ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the t͡ʃiˈɲail
hunter -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈjot͡ʃ
daughter -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈjoʋ
dog -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ɡiˈduɡ
lion -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈt͡ɕɯs
eat ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(16)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Tsash reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-final: the possessor precedes the possessed noun. For example, Tsash expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “child toy”. This ordering is found in many SOV and postpositional languages and aligns with a broader tendency towards modifier-first structures.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module markowner:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing" case="STA">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.2" number="sing" case="STA">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="cl.4" number="sing" case="STA">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
  </np>
-    </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
  </np>
  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-  </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; e &#x2C8; j">t͡ʃeˈj</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; t">ʃaˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="l i b e n">liben</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; e &#x2C8; j">t͡ʃeˈj</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; t">ʃaˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA" ph="l i b e n">liben</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" case="GEN">kaiˈl</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.4">t͡ʃeˈj</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" case="GEN" gender="cl.2">ʃaˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="cl.4" case="STA">liben</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʃej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʃat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;liben&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkail ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ʃeje ˈjaut͡s ˈʃate ˈjaut͡s libene</p>
+  <p>kail jautz cheje jautz shate jautz libene</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkail</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʃej</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʃat</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>liben</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 17.

kail jautz cheje jautz shate jautz libene

[ˈkail ˈjaut͡s ˈt͡ʃeje ˈjaut͡s ˈʃate ˈjaut͡s libene]

ˈkail
2.sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈt͡ʃej
son -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈʃat
friend -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the liben
book -e
sing

“your son’s friend’s book”

(17)

Case Marking

Tsash uses active case marking. Intransitive subjects are divided according to how they participate in the event. More agent-like subjects, such as the subject of ‘run’ or ‘shout’, pattern with transitive subjects and take the active or agentive case. Less agent-like subjects, such as the subject of ‘sleep’ or ‘be ill’, pattern with transitive objects and take the patientive or absolutive case. This system makes sense where the grammar treats control, volition or affectedness as more important than the simple distinction between subject and object.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; a &#x2C8; &#x261;">t͡ɕaˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; a &#x2C8; &#x261;">t͡ɕaˈɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">t͡ɕaˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕaɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe ˈt͡ɕaɡ ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz bebe tyag ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕaɡ</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 18.

Jautz bebe tyag ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe ˈt͡ɕaɡ ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing ˈt͡ɕaɡ
sleep ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The cat is sleeping.”

(18)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s u &#x2C8; t">t͡suˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s u &#x2C8; t">t͡suˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.cl.4">t͡suˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe taʃ ˈt͡sut ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz bebe tash tzut ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sut</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 19.

Jautz bebe tash tzut ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe taʃ ˈt͡sut ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing taʃ
ACT ˈt͡sut
run ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The cat is running.”

(19)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x283; e s+t e &#x2C8; &#x28B;">ʃesteˈʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x283; e s+t e &#x2C8; &#x28B;">ʃesteˈʋ</word>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x283; e s+t e &#x2C8; &#x28B;">ʃesteˈʋ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ʃesteˈʋ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈt͡ʃɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃeˈsteʋ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe taʃ ʃeˈsteʋ ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz jachơmơ jautz bebe tash shestew ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈt͡ʃɤm</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃeˈsteʋ</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 20.

Jautz jachơmơ jautz bebe tash shestew ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe taʃ ʃeˈsteʋ ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the jaˈt͡ʃɤm
mouse -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing taʃ
ACT ʃeˈsteʋ
chase ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(20)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈt͡ʃɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz jachơmơ jautz bebe tash ngos gich ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈt͡ʃɤm</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 21.

Jautz jachơmơ jautz bebe tash ngos gich ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the jaˈt͡ʃɤm
mouse -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈɡit͡ʃ
catch ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(21)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.4" number="plur">
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/number/obligatory
Got plur
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    </np>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="&#x14B; a t &#x264; &#x2C8; m">ŋatɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x28B; o &#x2C8; s">ʋoˈs</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="s o &#x28B; i &#x2C8; b">soʋiˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x28B; o &#x2C8; s">ʋoˈs</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="&#x261; i d u &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="l i &#x2C8; b">liˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="&#x14B; a t &#x264; &#x2C8; m">ŋatɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264; t" underlying="e t">ɤt</thingy>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x28B; o &#x2C8; s">ʋoˈs</word>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="s o &#x28B; i &#x2C8; b">soʋiˈb</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x28B; o &#x2C8; s">ʋoˈs</word>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="&#x261; i d u &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="l i &#x2C8; b">liˈb</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="&#x14B; a t &#x264; &#x2C8; m">ŋatɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264; t" underlying="e t">ɤt</thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x28B; o &#x2C8; s">ʋoˈs</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="s o &#x28B; i &#x2C8; b">soʋiˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="&#x28B; o &#x2C8; s">ʋoˈs</word>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" ph="&#x261; i d u &#x2C8; &#x261;">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" attach="suffix" ph="e t">et</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x272; ai &#x2C8; l">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="l i &#x2C8; b">liˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">ŋatɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur" underlying="e t">ɤt</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʋoˈs</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">soʋiˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">ʋoˈs</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="cl.4" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">ɡiduˈɡ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="plur">et</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">t͡ʃiɲaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.plur.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">liˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋaˈtɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;soˈʋib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡiˈduɡ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-et&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃiˈɲail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈlib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s ŋaˈtɤmɤt ˈʋos ˈjaut͡s soˈʋibet ˈʋos ˈjaut͡s ɡiˈduɡet ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile taʃ ŋos ˈlib ɲal</p>
+  <p>jautz ngatơmơt wos jautz sowibet wos jautz giduget jautz chiñaile tash ngos lib ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋaˈtɤm</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-et</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋos</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>soˈʋib</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-et</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʋos</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡiˈduɡ</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-et</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃiˈɲail</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈlib</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 22.

Jautz ngatơmơt wos jautz sowibet wos jautz giduget jautz chiñaile tash ngos lib ñal.

[ˈjaut͡s ŋaˈtɤmɤt ˈʋos ˈjaut͡s soˈʋibet ˈʋos ˈjaut͡s ɡiˈduɡet ˈjaut͡s t͡ʃiˈɲaile taʃ ŋos ˈlib ɲal]

ˈjaut͡s
the ŋaˈtɤm
jaguar -et
plur ˈʋos
and ˈjaut͡s
the soˈʋib
tiger -et
plur ˈʋos
and ˈjaut͡s
the ɡiˈduɡ
lion -et
plur ˈjaut͡s
the t͡ʃiˈɲail
hunter -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈlib
kill ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(22)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Tsash provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Tsash forms relative clauses by placing the relative clause after the noun it modifies. The clause follows the internal word order of ordinary finite clauses. A dedicated relativising marker introduces the clause and identifies the relationship between the head noun and its role inside the relative clause.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="1excl.sing">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;daˈfaik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe ŋos daˈfaik ŋej</p>
+  <p>jautz bebe ngos dafaik ngej</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>daˈfaik</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 23.

Jautz bebe ngos dafaik ngej.

[ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe ŋos daˈfaik ŋej]

ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing ŋos
PAST daˈfaik
pat ŋej
1excl.sing.SUBJ

“I patted the cat.”

(23)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4">
+    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
+        <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e,</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" obj="3.sing.cl.1">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;daˈfaik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈt͡ʃɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ŋos daˈfaik ŋej ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ</p>
+  <p>ngos dafaik ngej jautz bebe, tzen tash ngos gich ñal jautz jachơmơ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>daˈfaik</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sen</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈt͡ʃɤm</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 24.

Ngos dafaik ngej jautz bebe, tzen tash ngos gich ñal jautz jachơmơ.

[ŋos daˈfaik ŋej ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ]

ŋos
PAST daˈfaik
pat ŋej
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing ˈt͡sen
RELPRON taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈɡit͡ʃ
catch ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ ˈjaut͡s
the jaˈt͡ʃɤm
mouse -e
sing

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(24)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <np id="parent">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
+          <relp comma="after">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4">
+    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1">
+        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
-              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
+        <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
+            <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+              <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-          </np>
-          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after" ph="m e t a &#x2C8; s">metaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after" ph="m e t a &#x2C8; s">metaˈs</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after" ph="m e t a &#x2C8; s">metaˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e,</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ,</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" obj="3.sing.cl.1">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.1" comma="after">metaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;daˈfaik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈt͡ʃɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕɯs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;meˈtas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ŋos daˈfaik ŋej ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈt͡ɕɯs ˈjaut͡s meˈtase</p>
+  <p>ngos dafaik ngej jautz bebe, tzen tash ngos gich ñal jautz jachơmơ, tzen tash ngos tyưs jautz metase</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>daˈfaik</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sen</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈt͡ʃɤm</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sen</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕɯs</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>meˈtas</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 25.

Ngos dafaik ngej jautz bebe, tzen tash ngos gich ñal jautz jachơmơ, tzen tash ngos tyưs jautz metase.

[ŋos daˈfaik ŋej ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈt͡ɕɯs ˈjaut͡s meˈtase]

ŋos
PAST daˈfaik
pat ŋej
1excl.sing.SUBJ ˈjaut͡s
the ˈbeb
cat -e
sing ˈt͡sen
RELPRON taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈɡit͡ʃ
catch ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ ˈjaut͡s
the jaˈt͡ʃɤm
mouse -e
sing ˈt͡sen
RELPRON taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈt͡ɕɯs
eat ˈjaut͡s
the meˈtas
cheese -e
sing

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(25)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      </np>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <np id="parent">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <relp comma="after">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <np id="parent">
+              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+              <relp comma="after">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent">
-              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1">
+              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4">
+    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1">
+        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1">
+            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
-                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addclitics:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
+              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
+                  <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing">
+            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
-              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
-                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
-                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
+        <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
+            <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
              <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
+                <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
                  <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="cl.4" number="sing">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-          </np>
-          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" gender="cl.1" number="sing" case="ACT">
-              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="cl.1">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-              </np>
-              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" person="1excl">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" comma="after"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-                </np>
-              </relp>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" comma="after"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="m e t a &#x2C8; s">metaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d e &#x2C8; s">deˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" comma="after" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="m e t a &#x2C8; s">metaˈs</word>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d e &#x2C8; s">deˈs</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" comma="after" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d a f ai &#x2C8; k">dafaiˈk</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4" ph="b e &#x2C8; b">beˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x261; i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j a t&#x361;&#x283; &#x264; &#x2C8; m">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="&#x264;" underlying="e">ɤ</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1" ph="t&#x361;&#x255; &#x26F; &#x2C8; s">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.1.SUBJ" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1" ph="m e t a &#x2C8; s">metaˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1" ph="t&#x361;s e &#x2C8; n">t͡seˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d e &#x2C8; s">deˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" comma="after" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">dafaiˈk</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.4">beˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e,</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ɡiˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1">jat͡ʃɤˈm</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" underlying="e">ɤ,</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="ACT" gender="cl.1">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.cl.1">t͡ɕɯˈs</word>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="cl.1">metaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e,</thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="STA" gender="cl.1">t͡seˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.cl.1" subj="1excl.sing">deˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" comma="after">biˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;daˈfaik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbeb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɡit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈt͡ʃɤm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ɕɯs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;meˈtas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡sen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ŋos daˈfaik ŋej ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈt͡ɕɯs ˈjaut͡s meˈtase, ˈt͡sen ŋos ˈdes ŋej ˈbib taʃ</p>
+  <p>ngos dafaik ngej jautz bebe, tzen tash ngos gich ñal jautz jachơmơ, tzen tash ngos tyưs jautz metase, tzen ngos des ngej bib tash</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>daˈfaik</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbeb</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sen</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɡit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈt͡ʃɤm</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sen</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ɕɯs</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>meˈtas</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡sen</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdes</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbib</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 26.

Ngos dafaik ngej jautz bebe, tzen tash ngos gich ñal jautz jachơmơ, tzen tash ngos tyưs jautz metase, tzen ngos des ngej bib tash.

[ŋos daˈfaik ŋej ˈjaut͡s ˈbebe, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈɡit͡ʃ ɲal ˈjaut͡s jaˈt͡ʃɤmɤ, ˈt͡sen taʃ ŋos ˈt͡ɕɯs ˈjaut͡s meˈtase, ˈt͡sen ŋos ˈdes ŋej ˈbib taʃ]

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(26)

Complementation Strategies

Tsash marks complement clauses with subordinating verbal morphology. The embedded verb is fully finite and carries a subordinating suffix that identifies the clause as a complement. No structural changes occur within the clause apart from this verbal marking.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np role="subj">
-      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np role="subj">
+      <subs>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+        </vp>
+      </subs>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="ACT">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="subj" case="ACT">
+    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="subj" case="ACT" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x261; i t e n">ɡiten</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="k u">ku</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; s">ʃaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="k u">ku</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s u &#x2C8;">t͡suˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x283; u n">ʃun</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; a n i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃaniˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x28B; i d">ʋid</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x261; i t e n">ɡiten</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="k u">ku</thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6" ph="k i &#x2C8; &#x272;">kiˈɲ</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6" ph="t&#x361;s a b e &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x255;">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; s">ʃaˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="k u">ku</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="t&#x361;s u &#x2C8;">t͡suˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x283; u n">ʃun</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; a n i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283;">t͡ʃaniˈt͡ʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ" ph="&#x28B; i d">ʋid</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">ɡiten</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT">ku</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">kiˈɲ</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" gender="cl.6">t͡sabeˈt͡ɕ</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">ʃaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT">ku</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" comp="COMP" obj="3.sing.cl.6" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">t͡suˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">ʃun</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.2">t͡ʃaniˈt͡ʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ">ʋid</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡiten&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkiɲ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡saˈbet͡ɕ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʃas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡su&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃun&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;t͡ʃaˈnit͡ʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʋid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.2.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈjaut͡s ɡitene ku ˈkiɲ t͡saˈbet͡ɕe ˈjaut͡s ˈʃase ku ˈjaut͡s ˈɲaut͡se taʃ ŋos ˈt͡su ɲal ʃun taʃ ŋos t͡ʃaˈnit͡ʃ ʋid</p>
+  <p>jautz gitene ku kiñ tzabetye jautz shase ku jautz ñautze tash ngos tzu ñal shun tash ngos chanich wid</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡiten</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ku</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkiɲ</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡saˈbet͡ɕ</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʃas</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ku</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲaut͡s</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡su</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃun</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>t͡ʃaˈnit͡ʃ</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʋid</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 27.

Jautz gitene ku kiñ tzabetye jautz shase ku jautz ñautze tash ngos tzu ñal shun tash ngos chanich wid.

[ˈjaut͡s ɡitene ku ˈkiɲ t͡saˈbet͡ɕe ˈjaut͡s ˈʃase ku ˈjaut͡s ˈɲaut͡se taʃ ŋos ˈt͡su ɲal ʃun taʃ ŋos t͡ʃaˈnit͡ʃ ʋid]

ˈjaut͡s
the ɡiten
teacher -e
sing ku
DAT ˈkiɲ
a t͡saˈbet͡ɕ
apple -e
sing ˈjaut͡s
the ˈʃas
girl -e
sing ku
DAT ˈjaut͡s
the ˈɲaut͡s
boy -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈt͡su
give ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ ʃun
COMP taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST t͡ʃaˈnit͡ʃ
surprise ʋid
3.sing.cl.2.SUBJ

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(27)

Quotes

Tsash expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module subordinate:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module markowner:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing" person="2">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing" person="2">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
+      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing" person="2">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/number/obligatory
Got sing

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing" person="2">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
          <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
          <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
          <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
        </vp>
      </subs>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
+      <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
      <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
      <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="STA" gender="cl.2" number="sing" person="2">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" person="2">
+  <flat>
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-        </vp>
-      </subs>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">
    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT"/>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x283; u n">ʃun</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; s">ʃaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="k u">ku</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x14B; a &#x2C8; &#x283;">ŋaˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA" ph="k ai &#x2C8; l">kaiˈl</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" ph="b i &#x2C8; b">biˈb</word>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PRES" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing" ph="d i &#x2C8; n">diˈn</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="&#x14B; e j">ŋej</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP" ph="&#x283; u n">ʃun</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="STA" ph=""></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x283; a &#x2C8; s">ʃaˈs</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT" ph="k u">ku</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="j au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">jauˈt͡s</word>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4" ph="&#x272; au &#x2C8; t&#x361;s">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
-    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing" attach="suffix" ph="e">e</thingy>
-    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT" ph="t a &#x283;">taʃ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST" ph="&#x14B; o s">ŋos</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4" ph="&#x14B; a &#x2C8; &#x283;">ŋaˈʃ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="enclitic" gloss="indicative" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpvoice" function="enclitic" gloss="active" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="enclitic" gloss="POS" ph=""></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ" ph="&#x272; a l">ɲal</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph=""></thingy>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="STA">kaiˈl</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="cl.4" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT">biˈb</word>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" comp="COMP" obj="2.sing" subj="1excl.sing">diˈn</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">ŋej</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpcomp" function="enclitic" gloss="COMP">ʃun</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="cl.4">ʃaˈs</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="DAT">ku</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">jauˈt͡s</word>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="ACT" gender="cl.4">ɲauˈt͡s</word>
+    <thingy type="nounnumber" function="suffix" gloss="sing">e</thingy>
+    <thingy type="npcase" function="enclitic" gloss="ACT">taʃ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpta" function="proclitic" gloss="PAST">ŋos</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="2.sing" indobj="3.sing.cl.4" subj="3.sing.cl.4">ŋaˈʃ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="enclitic" gloss="3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ">ɲal</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈdin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋej&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ʃun&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈʃas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ku&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈɲaut͡s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;taʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ŋos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈŋaʃ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɲal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.cl.4.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkail ˈbib taʃ ˈdin ŋej ʃun ˈjaut͡s ˈʃase ku ˈjaut͡s ˈɲaut͡se taʃ ŋos ˈŋaʃ ɲal</p>
+  <p>kail bib tash din ngej shun jautz shase ku jautz ñautze tash ngos ngash ñal</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkail</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbib</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈdin</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋej</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ʃun</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈʃas</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ku</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaut͡s</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈɲaut͡s</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-e</o>
+      <g>sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>taʃ</o>
+      <g>ACT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ŋos</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈŋaʃ</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɲal</o>
+      <g>3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 28.

Kail bib tash din ngej shun jautz shase ku jautz ñautze tash ngos ngash ñal.

[ˈkail ˈbib taʃ ˈdin ŋej ʃun ˈjaut͡s ˈʃase ku ˈjaut͡s ˈɲaut͡se taʃ ŋos ˈŋaʃ ɲal]

ˈkail
2.sing ˈbib
1excl.sing taʃ
ACT ˈdin
love ŋej
1excl.sing.SUBJ ʃun
COMP ˈjaut͡s
the ˈʃas
girl -e
sing ku
DAT ˈjaut͡s
the ˈɲaut͡s
boy -e
sing taʃ
ACT ŋos
PAST ˈŋaʃ
tell ɲal
3.sing.cl.4.SUBJ

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(28)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Tsash. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 17 August 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/281CM

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-281CM,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Tsash}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/281CM}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 17 August 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Tsash / Tsash–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

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https://languagecreator.org/grammar/281CM

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