A Grammar of Chuboki

Introduction

Scope and Purpose

This grammar provides a systematic description of the Chuboki language (the 1939th one produced by the Language Creator), outlining its sound system, word formation and syntactic structure, with the aim of presenting a coherent account of the language as an integrated whole. Attention has been paid to both regular patterns and minor irregularities, as these together define the internal balance of the language.

The grammar is accompanied by a bilingual dictionary and a collection of illustrative texts, offering material for further study and comparison. The examples have been selected to demonstrate typical constructions and to give a sense of the language in extended use. The description is intended as a reference work for linguists and language enthusiasts alike, and as a foundation for any future research, teaching or creative adaptation of Chuboki.

Typological Profile

It has has no interesting typological features.

Phonology

Phoneme Inventory

Consonants

Chuboki has a moderately small consonant inventory, comprising 15 phonemes.

It has a wide range of approximant contrasts, a strongly reduced sibilant system, a complete absence of laryngeal consonants and an unusually restricted set of labial consonants.

The table below presents the full inventory of consonant phonemes in Chuboki. The chart lists all places and manners of articulation attested in the language.

	labial	alveolar	postalveolar	lateral	palatal	velar
stop	b	d t				k ɡ
nasal	m	n			ɲ
fricative	f	s
approximant	w			l	j
affricate			t͡ʃ

Vowels

Chuboki has 10 vowel qualities, forming a relatively large inventory. The system distinguishes several vowel categories, as indicated in the chart, offering a wide range of vocalic contrasts.

It has a full range of vowel qualities even in reduced syllables and an unusually fine-grained height system distinguishing four levels.

The table below presents the full inventory of vowel phonemes in Chuboki. The system comprises the distinct vowel qualities listed in the chart.

	front	central	back
close	i		u
close-mid	e		o
open-mid	ɛ		ɔ
open		a

Stress and Tones

Chuboki has phonemic stress but no lexical tone. Stress consistently falls on the first vowel of the root, and no contrastive tonal distinctions are made.

Phonological Processes

Vowel Harmony

Vowel harmony does not exist in this language.

Writing System

Introduction

Chuboki is normally written using the Latin alphabet, whose familiarity makes it straightforward for most readers. For clarity and precision, phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are also provided throughout this grammar.

Orthography

Here are the various components of the orthography:

Simple letters

a /a/	b /b/	d /d/	e /e/
f /f/	g /ɡ/	i /i/	j /j/
k /k/	l /l/	m /m/	n /n/
o /ɔ/	s /s/	t /t/	u /u/
w /w/	æ /ɛ/	ñ /ɲ/	ó /o/

Multi-letter combinations such as digraphs

aa /aː/	ai /ai/	au /au/
ch /t͡ʃ/	ee /eː/	ii /iː/
oo /ɔː/	uu /uː/	ææ /ɛː/
óó /oː/	ɔi /ɔi/

Word Classes and Morphology

Number and Gender

Number

Chuboki does not have grammatical number.

Gender

Chuboki has the following genders:

Gender masc – for instance: baiña ‘house’, chimilabó ‘bark’, chæsa ‘husband’, ditidæja ‘dialect’, dowewago ‘hunter’, dudi ‘earth’, dógæ ‘tree’, gafó ‘water’, ganææjecha ‘mountain’, gumólubu ‘lake’, kachófacha ‘root’, kóselæla ‘ice’, kɔibe ‘father’, lañææchibe ‘sand’, mósonesa ‘umbrella’, nómadugó ‘neighbour’, nóóle ‘sun’, sibotibi ‘mortar’, sówabæfa ‘plain’, tisæ ‘top’.

Gender fem – for instance: bauchafó ‘knife’, bæjajoga ‘brick’, bɔita ‘eye’, deñooguja ‘louse’, geefa ‘road’, joju ‘friend’, jokó ‘mother’, jonófuna ‘wild boar’, kogæfó ‘speech’, manamusi ‘breath’, melautagu ‘urine’, nichitawi ‘mouse’, sasa ‘mouth’, sedisachæ ‘penis’, wamæwe ‘idea’, winaigotæ ‘ash’, wobeñodó ‘lion’, ñawo ‘fish’, ñebuugófó ‘mammal’, ñuweemita ‘guts’.

The Nominal Phrase

Nominal phrases in Chuboki can be exemplified by the following example:

initial XML:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>woman</noun>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>knife</noun>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
      <adj>blind</adj>
      <num>three</num>
      <det>yon</det>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>woman</noun>
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>knife</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
-      <adj>blind</adj>
-      <num>three</num>
-      <det>yon</det>
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module constorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
-        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-      <word posp="det" gloss="yon"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
-      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind"/>
-      <word posp="num" gloss="three"/>
+      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for woman/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for knife/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for yon/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for blind/adj/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
      <pp role="comitative">
        <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </pp>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
      <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-      <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
-        </np>
-      </pp>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="n u &#x2C8; n &#x254;" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">nuˈnɔ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">wojɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a f o" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">bauˈt͡ʃafo</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">jaːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="s i &#x2C8; l u" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">siˈlu</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b ai &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">baiˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /n/ > // + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/s/ + /n/ > // + /n/
/j/ + /s/ > // + /j/
/j/ + /n/ > // + /j/
/aː/ + /m/ > /aː/ + /m/

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="n u &#x2C8; n &#x254;" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">nuˈnɔ</word>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">wojɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="m u &#x2C8; n &#x254;" underlying="n u &#x2C8; n &#x254;">muˈnɔ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;">wojɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a f o" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">bauˈt͡ʃafo</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">jaːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="s i &#x2C8; l u" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">siˈlu</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b ai &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">baiˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a f o">bauˈt͡ʃafo</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">jaːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j i &#x2C8; l u" underlying="s i &#x2C8; l u">jiˈlu</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b ai &#x2C8;">baiˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="nomphr" translation="The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="m u &#x2C8; n &#x254;" underlying="n u &#x2C8; n &#x254;">muˈnɔ</word>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;">wojɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a f o">bauˈt͡ʃafo</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">jaːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j i &#x2C8; l u" underlying="s i &#x2C8; l u">jiˈlu</word>
-    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b ai &#x2C8;">baiˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="woman" role="subj" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" underlying="n u &#x2C8; n &#x254;">muˈnɔ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">wojɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="knife" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" gender="fem">bauˈt͡ʃafo</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="det" gloss="yon" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">jaːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="adjgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="blind" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" underlying="s i &#x2C8; l u">jiˈlu</word>
+    <word posp="num" gloss="three" role="obj" def="def" number="plur" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">baiˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.plur.fem" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈnunɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;woman&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;woˈjɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbaut͡ʃafo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjaː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;yon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;niˈt͡ʃitawi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsilu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;blind&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈmunɔ woˈjɛ ˈbau ˈbaut͡ʃafo mɛ ˈjaː niˈt͡ʃitawi ˈjilu ˈbai ma jaːmu</p>
+  <p>bau muno wójæ bau bauchafó mæ jaa nichitawi jilu bai ma jaamu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈnunɔ</o>
+      <g>woman</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>woˈjɛ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbaut͡ʃafo</o>
+      <g>knife</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mɛ</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjaː</o>
+      <g>yon</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>niˈt͡ʃitawi</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsilu</o>
+      <g>blind</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbai</o>
+      <g>three</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 1.

Bau muno wójæ bau bauchafó mæ jaa nichitawi jilu bai ma jaamu.

[ˈbau ˈmunɔ woˈjɛ ˈbau ˈbaut͡ʃafo mɛ ˈjaː niˈt͡ʃitawi ˈjilu ˈbai ma jaːmu]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈnunɔ
woman woˈjɛ
COMIT s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈbaut͡ʃafo
knife mɛ
plur s-
fem ˈjaː
yon s-
ACC niˈt͡ʃitawi
mouse j-
fem ˈsilu
blind ˈbai
three ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active naː
catch -mu
PAST

“The woman with the knife caught those three blind mice.”

(1)

In the following, we shall look at the various components in more details.

There is one type of clitic in the nominal phrase, namely a proclitic (placed initially), expressing number. a clitic expressing number, comprising mæ /mɛ/ ‘plur’.

The morphology of the elements of the nominal phrase, i.e., nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns, is described below, as is the way that possession is expressed in Chuboki.

The Noun

The noun in Chuboki consists of an obligatory prefix expressing case, comprising m- /m-/ ‘NOM’, s- /s-/ ‘ACC’, n- /n-/ ‘DAT’, ch- /t͡ʃ-/ ‘INS’, j- /j-/ ‘VOC’, d- /d-/ ‘ALL’, l- /l-/ ‘LOC’, t- /t-/ ‘ABL’ and k- /k-/ ‘PART’ followed by the root.

The noun displays the following derivational morphology: two prefixes, namely næs- /nɛs-/ ‘little’ and jæk- /jɛk-/ ‘big’

The Adjective

In Chuboki, the adjective has the following structure: an obligatory prefix expressing gender, comprising d- /d-/ ‘masc’ and j- /j-/ ‘fem’ followed by the root.

Numerals

The numeral in Chuboki stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Determiners

In Chuboki, the determiner has the following structure: an obligatory prefix expressing gender, comprising f- /f-/ ‘masc’ and s- /s-/ ‘fem’ followed by the root.

Pronouns

The pronoun in Chuboki stands alone without any prefixes or suffixes attached to it.

Chuboki always includes the personal pronouns, even if they are not stressed. This is similar to English, where the only way to distinguish "he loves her" from "he loves her" and "he loves her" is the stress. So the following corresponds exactly to English in this regard:

initial XML:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" output="aspron" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <flat>
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="m e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">meˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">tɔˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="s au" slots="Cir V1">sau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/j/ + /s/ > // + /j/
/au/ + /k/ > /au/ + /k/

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="m e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">meˈ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">tɔˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="m e &#x2C8;">meˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;">tɔˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="s au" slots="Cir V1">sau</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j au" underlying="s au">jau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="love2" translation="He (the boy) loves her (the girl).">
  <flat>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="m e &#x2C8;">meˈ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;">tɔˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j au" underlying="s au">jau</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">meˈ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="fem" gloss="3.sing.fem" def="def" tr="theme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">tɔˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="s au">jau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈme&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈme ˈtɔ jaukɛ</p>
+  <p>me to jaukæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈme</o>
+      <g>3.sing.masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtɔ</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sau</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 2.

Me to jaukæ.

[ˈme ˈtɔ jaukɛ]

ˈme
3.sing.masc ˈtɔ
3.sing.fem j-
active sau
love -kɛ
PRES

“He (the boy) loves her (the girl).”

(2)

Proper Nouns

initial XML:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>hate</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>NN1</noun>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>NN2</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>hate</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>NN1</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>NN2</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for NN1/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for NN2/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for hate/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

-<example id="loveprop" translation="NN1 hates NN2.">
+<example id="loveprop" translation="Yochusane hates Neyagiya.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN1" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="NN2" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Yochusane" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" propernoun="yes" ph="j &#x254; t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; s a n e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">jɔt͡ʃuˈsane</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Neyagiya" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" propernoun="yes" ph="n e j a &#x2C8; &#x261; i j a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nejaˈɡija</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">ɡanɛˈne</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /n/ > // + /n/
/j/ + /ɡ/ > // + /j/
/e/ + /k/ > /e/ + /k/

<example id="loveprop" translation="Yochusane hates Neyagiya.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Yochusane" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" propernoun="yes" ph="j &#x254; t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; s a n e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">jɔt͡ʃuˈsane</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Yochusane" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" propernoun="yes" ph="j &#x254; t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; s a n e">jɔt͡ʃuˈsane</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Neyagiya" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" propernoun="yes" ph="n e j a &#x2C8; &#x261; i j a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nejaˈɡija</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Neyagiya" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" propernoun="yes" ph="n e j a &#x2C8; &#x261; i j a">nejaˈɡija</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">ɡanɛˈne</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e" underlying="&#x261; a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e">janɛˈne</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="loveprop" translation="Yochusane hates Neyagiya.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Yochusane" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" propernoun="yes" ph="j &#x254; t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; s a n e">jɔt͡ʃuˈsane</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="Neyagiya" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" propernoun="yes" ph="n e j a &#x2C8; &#x261; i j a">nejaˈɡija</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e" underlying="&#x261; a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e">janɛˈne</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Yochusane" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" propernoun="yes">jɔt͡ʃuˈsane</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="Neyagiya" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" propernoun="yes">nejaˈɡija</word>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="hate" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="&#x261; a n &#x25B; &#x2C8; n e">janɛˈne</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jɔˈt͡ʃusane&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Yochusane&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;neˈjaɡija&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;Neyagiya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡaˈnɛne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau jɔˈt͡ʃusane ˈbau neˈjaɡija jaˈnɛnekɛ</p>
+  <p>bau Jochusane bau Nejagija janænekæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jɔˈt͡ʃusane</o>
+      <g>Yochusane</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>neˈjaɡija</o>
+      <g>Neyagiya</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡaˈnɛne</o>
+      <g>hate</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 3.

Bau Jochusane bau Nejagija janænekæ.

[ˈbau jɔˈt͡ʃusane ˈbau neˈjaɡija jaˈnɛnekɛ]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM jɔˈt͡ʃusane
Yochusane s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC neˈjaɡija
Neyagiya j-
active ɡaˈnɛne
hate -kɛ
PRES

“Yochusane hates Neyagiya.”

(3)

Possession

initial XML:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
  </np>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">mauˈsa</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /m/ > // + /m/

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a">mauˈsa</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="posso1" translation="the boy's apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">mauˈsa</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmausa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe ˈbau ˈmausa</p>
+  <p>bau buchachage bau mausa</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmausa</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 4.

bau buchachage bau mausa

[ˈbau buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe ˈbau ˈmausa]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe
apple f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈmausa
boy

“the boy’s apple”

(4)

initial XML:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" output="aspron" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module ngen:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">meˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /b/ > // + /b/

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">meˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m e &#x2C8;">meˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="posso1b" translation="his (the boy's) apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
-    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m e &#x2C8;">meˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <word posp="pron" number="sing" gender="masc" gloss="3.sing.masc" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">meˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈme&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe ˈme</p>
+  <p>bau buchachage me</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈme</o>
+      <g>3.sing.masc</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 5.

bau buchachage me

[ˈbau buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe ˈme]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe
apple ˈme
3.sing.masc

“his (the boy’s) apple”

(5)

initial XML:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>apple</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>apple</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
  </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="1excl">
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /b/ > // + /b/

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="posso2" translation="my apple">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe ˈkɛː</p>
+  <p>bau buchachage kææ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 6.

bau buchachage kææ

[ˈbau buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe ˈkɛː]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe
apple ˈkɛː
1excl.sing

“my apple”

(6)

initial XML:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kiss</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>hunter</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>daughter</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="neither">
            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>neighbour</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kiss</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>daughter</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither">
-            <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>neighbour</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing" gender="fem">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" gender="masc">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing" gender="fem">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" gender="masc">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
            <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" number="sing" gender="fem">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" gender="masc">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing" role="subj" case="NOM">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="masc" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for neighbour/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kiss/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">siːˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="n o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nomaˈduɡo</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">fojaːˈto</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /s/ > // + /m/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /f/ > // + /f/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /n/ > // + /m/
/j/ + /f/ > // + /f/
/o/ + /m/ > // + /m/

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">siːˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="m i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" underlying="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a">miːˈka</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="n o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nomaˈduɡo</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="m o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o" underlying="n o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o">momaˈduɡo</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">fojaːˈto</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t" underlying="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t o">fojaːˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="posso3" translation="The hunter's daughter kissed your neighbour's son.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" ph="m i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" underlying="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a">miːˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="m o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o" underlying="n o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o">momaˈduɡo</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t" underlying="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t o">fojaːˈt</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="NOM" underlying="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a">miːˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="ACC">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="neighbour" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" underlying="n o m a &#x2C8; d u &#x261; o">momaˈduɡo</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kiss" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" underlying="f o j a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t o">fojaːˈt</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsiːka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dɔˈwewaɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfuːt͡ʃa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;noˈmaduɡo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;neighbour&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;foˈjaːto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kiss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈmiːka ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ ˈbau ˈfuːt͡ʃa ˈbau moˈmaduɡo ˈmɛ ma foˈjaːtmu</p>
+  <p>bau miika bau dowewago bau fuucha bau mómadugó mæ ma fójaatmu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsiːka</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>dɔˈwewaɡɔ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfuːt͡ʃa</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>noˈmaduɡo</o>
+      <g>neighbour</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmɛ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>foˈjaːto</o>
+      <g>kiss</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 7.

Bau miika bau dowewago bau fuucha bau mómadugó mæ ma fójaatmu.

[ˈbau ˈmiːka ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ ˈbau ˈfuːt͡ʃa ˈbau moˈmaduɡo ˈmɛ ma foˈjaːtmu]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈsiːka
daughter f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM dɔˈwewaɡɔ
hunter f-
masc ˈbau
the s-
ACC ˈfuːt͡ʃa
son f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM noˈmaduɡo
neighbour ˈmɛ
2.sing ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active foˈjaːto
kiss -mu
PAST

“The hunter’s daughter kissed your neighbour’s son.”

(7)

Derivation

Chuboki has a few derivational processes. To illustrate this, let us start with a simple noun phrase:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /k/ > // + /k/
/m/ + /l/ > // + /l/

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">koːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="lamb0" translation="a lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">koːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;lɔˈjenubu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkoː lɔˈjenubu</p>
+  <p>kóó lojenubu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkoː</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>lɔˈjenubu</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 8.

kóó lojenubu

[ˈkoː lɔˈjenubu]

s-
fem ˈkoː
a m-
NOM lɔˈjenubu
lamb

“a lamb”

(8)

In the following, the word for little becomes an affix attached to lamb:

initial XML:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
    <noun>lamb</noun>
    <adj>little</adj>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme">
-    <noun>lamb</noun>
-    <adj>little</adj>
+  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
+    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np def="indef" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

submodule transform_adj

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module affixdensity:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lamb"/>
-    <word posp="adj" gloss="little"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun">
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for lamb/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
      <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
    </word>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
-  <np number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
-    </word>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj"/>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="n &#x25B; s" slots="Cip V2 Cir">nɛs</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /k/ > // + /k/
/m/ + /n/ > // + /m/
/s/ + /l/ > // + /l/

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">koːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="n &#x25B; s" slots="Cip V2 Cir">nɛs</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x25B;" underlying="n &#x25B; s">mɛ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="lamb1" translation="a little lamb">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">koːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" attach="prefix" ph="m &#x25B;" underlying="n &#x25B; s">mɛ</thingy>
-    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="l &#x254; j e &#x2C8; n u b u">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
-    <thingy gloss="little&#x2082;" type="nounnounderivaft" origposp="adj" attach="suffix" ph=""></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <thingy gloss="little&#x2081;" type="nounnounderivbef" origposp="adj" underlying="n &#x25B; s">mɛ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="lamb" lexposp="noun" posp="noun" number="sing" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">lɔjeˈnubu</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;nɛs-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;little&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;lɔˈjenubu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lamb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkoː mɛlɔˈjenubu</p>
+  <p>kóó mælojenubu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkoː</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>nɛs-</o>
+      <g>little</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>lɔˈjenubu</o>
+      <g>lamb</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 9.

kóó mælojenubu

[ˈkoː mɛlɔˈjenubu]

s-
fem ˈkoː
a m-
NOM nɛs-
little lɔˈjenubu
lamb

“a little lamb”

(9)

Compounding

Verbs

Inflectional Categories

The verbal phrase clitics in Chuboki fall into two categories, proclitics and enclitics: first, a clitic expressing subj, comprising li /li/ ‘1incl.sing’, bæ /bɛ/ ‘1excl.sing’, ge /ɡe/ ‘2.sing’, ma /ma/ ‘3.sing.fem’, we /we/ ‘1incl.plur’, cho /t͡ʃɔ/ ‘1excl.plur’, ke /ke/ ‘2.plur’, so /sɔ/ ‘3.plur.masc’ and le /le/ ‘3.plur.fem’; second, a clitic expressing negation, comprising ló /lo/ ‘NEG’; third, a clitic expressing mode, comprising læ /lɛ/ ‘imperative’, chu /t͡ʃu/ ‘conditional’ and fi /fi/ ‘optative’; and finally, fourth, a clitic expressing question, comprising lo /lɔ/ ‘Q’.

In addition, the verb is structured like this: first, an obligatory prefix expressing voice, comprising j- /j-/ ‘active’ and ch- /t͡ʃ-/ ‘passive’; second, the root; and finally, third, an obligatory suffix expressing ta, comprising -kæ /-kɛ/ ‘PRES’ and -mu /-mu/ ‘PAST’.

The verb displays the following derivational morphology: two prefixes, namely ñæn- /ɲɛn-/ ‘begin’ and lid- /lid-/ ‘stop’

initial XML:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="gnomic">
      <verb>love</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="gnomic">
-      <verb>love</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-      <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
-      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for love/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
      <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="s au" slots="Cir V1">sau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/j/ + /s/ > // + /j/
/au/ + /k/ > /au/ + /k/

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="s au" slots="Cir V1">sau</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="j au" underlying="s au">jau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="love" translation="I love you.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="j au" underlying="s au">jau</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" underlying="s au">jau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkɛː ˈmɛ bɛ jaukɛ</p>
+  <p>kææ mæ bæ jaukæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmɛ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sau</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 10.

Kææ mæ bæ jaukæ.

[ˈkɛː ˈmɛ bɛ jaukɛ]

ˈkɛː
1excl.sing ˈmɛ
2.sing bɛ
1excl.sing.SUBJ j-
active sau
love -kɛ
PRES

“I love you.”

(10)

Adverbs Minor Classes

Adpositions

There is one type of clitic in the adpositional phrase, namely an enclitic (placed finally), expressing root.

initial XML:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>table</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>table</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="table"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for table/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
-  <pp p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc"/>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="w au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">wauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">tiˈt͡ʃɛɲu</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /t/ > // + /m/

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="w au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">wauˈ</word>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="w au &#x2C8;">wauˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="t i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">tiˈt͡ʃɛɲu</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u" underlying="t i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u">miˈt͡ʃɛɲu</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="adpos1" translation="on the table">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes" ph="w au &#x2C8;">wauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" ph="m i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u" underlying="t i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u">miˈt͡ʃɛɲu</word>
+    <word gloss="in_surface" posp="pp" p="in" location="surface" precise="yes">wauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="table" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="masc" underlying="t i &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; &#x25B; &#x272; u">miˈt͡ʃɛɲu</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈwau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;in_surface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtit͡ʃɛɲu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;table&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈwau ˈbau ˈmit͡ʃɛɲu</p>
+  <p>wau bau michæñu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈwau</o>
+      <g>in_surface</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtit͡ʃɛɲu</o>
+      <g>table</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 11.

wau bau michæñu

[ˈwau ˈbau ˈmit͡ʃɛɲu]

ˈwau
in_surface f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈtit͡ʃɛɲu
table

“on the table”

(11)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing">
      <noun>box</noun>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <np def="def" number="sing">
-      <noun>box</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

No change.

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="box"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for box/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
-  <pp p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem"/>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">tɔˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m i w i &#x2C8; b a m &#x25B;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">miwiˈbamɛ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /m/ > // + /m/

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">tɔˈ</word>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;">tɔˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m i w i &#x2C8; b a m &#x25B;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">miwiˈbamɛ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m i w i &#x2C8; b a m &#x25B;">miwiˈbamɛ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="adpos2" translation="into the box">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes" ph="t &#x254; &#x2C8;">tɔˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem" ph="m i w i &#x2C8; b a m &#x25B;">miwiˈbamɛ</word>
+    <word gloss="to_inside" posp="pp" p="to" location="inside" precise="yes">tɔˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="box" def="def" number="sing" locus="number" gender="fem">miwiˈbamɛ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈtɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;to_inside&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;miˈwibamɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;box&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈtɔ ˈbau miˈwibamɛ</p>
+  <p>to bau miwibamæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈtɔ</o>
+      <g>to_inside</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>miˈwibamɛ</o>
+      <g>box</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 12.

to bau miwibamæ

[ˈtɔ ˈbau miˈwibamɛ]

ˈtɔ
to_inside s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM miˈwibamɛ
box

“into the box”

(12)

initial XML:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <np number="sing" def="neither">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <np number="sing" def="neither">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module articles:

No change.

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

No change.

module addgender:

No change.

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

No change.

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <pp role="comitative">
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number"/>
    </np>
  </pp>
</example>

addaffixes:

No change.

flatten:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
-  <pp role="comitative">
+  <flat>
    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number"/>
-    </np>
-  </pp>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number"/>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">wojɛˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">wojɛˈ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;">wojɛˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="adpos3" translation="with me">
  <flat>
-    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative" ph="w o j &#x25B; &#x2C8;">wojɛˈ</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMIT" posp="pp" role="comitative">wojɛˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;woˈjɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>woˈjɛ ˈkɛː</p>
+  <p>wójæ kææ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>woˈjɛ</o>
+      <g>COMIT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 13.

wójæ kææ

[woˈjɛ ˈkɛː]

woˈjɛ
COMIT ˈkɛː
1excl.sing

“with me”

(13)

Syntax

Basic Clause Structure

Constituent Order

Constituent order describes the typical arrangement of the subject (S), verb (V) and object (O) in simple declarative clauses. It is a fundamental parameter in grammatical description and forms one of the clearest ways of characterising the overall structure of a language’s clause system.

Chuboki has basic Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) word order. The subject precedes the object, and the verb appears at the end of the clause. This is one of the most frequent patterns cross-linguistically.

The following examples illustrate the basic, unmarked, constituent order in Chuboki.

initial XML:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>jaguar</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>jaguar</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">sedaːˈwiba</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="k i&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">kiː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /s/ > // + /m/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/j/ + /k/ > // + /j/
/iː/ + /m/ > /iː/ + /m/

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">sedaːˈwiba</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="m e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a" underlying="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a">medaːˈwiba</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="k i&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">kiː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="j i&#x2D0;" underlying="k i&#x2D0;">jiː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="wo1" translation="The jaguar killed the hunter.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="m e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a" underlying="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a">medaːˈwiba</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="j i&#x2D0;" underlying="k i&#x2D0;">jiː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" underlying="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a">medaːˈwiba</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" underlying="k i&#x2D0;">jiː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;seˈdaːwiba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dɔˈwewaɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau meˈdaːwiba ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ ma jiːmu</p>
+  <p>bau medaawiba bau dowewago ma jiimu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>seˈdaːwiba</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>dɔˈwewaɡɔ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiː</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 14.

Bau medaawiba bau dowewago ma jiimu.

[ˈbau meˈdaːwiba ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ ma jiːmu]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM seˈdaːwiba
jaguar f-
masc ˈbau
the s-
ACC dɔˈwewaɡɔ
hunter ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active kiː
kill -mu
PAST

“The jaguar killed the hunter.”

(14)

initial XML:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>eat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
      <noun>lion</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned">
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>hunter</noun>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def">
            <noun>daughter</noun>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>dog</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>eat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj">
-      <noun>lion</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned">
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>hunter</noun>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def">
-            <noun>daughter</noun>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>dog</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
-        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
-          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
+    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" gender="fem">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" gender="fem">
      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
        </np>
        <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
          </np>
          <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
+            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
          </np>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" case="ACC" number="sing" gender="fem">
-      <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" gender="fem" number="sing" role="obj" case="ACC">
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
    </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for dog/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for daughter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">wɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; f i" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">t͡ʃuˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">siːˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V1">ɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /w/ > // + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /t͡ʃ/ > // + /s/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /s/ > // + /m/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/j/ + /ɡ/ > // + /j/
/ɔ/ + /m/ > // + /m/

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">wɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="m &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" underlying="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o">mɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; f i" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">t͡ʃuˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i" underlying="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">siːˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="m i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" underlying="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a">miːˈka</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V1">ɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="wo2" translation="The lion ate the hunter's daughter's dog.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="m &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" underlying="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o">mɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" ph="s u &#x2C8; f i" underlying="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="m i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a" underlying="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a">miːˈka</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" underlying="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o">mɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="dog" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" case="ACC" underlying="t&#x361;&#x283; u &#x2C8; f i">suˈfi</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="daughter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" underlying="s i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; k a">miːˈka</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owner" gender="masc">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;wɔˈbeɲɔdo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈt͡ʃufi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;dog&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈsiːka&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;daughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dɔˈwewaɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau mɔˈbeɲɔdo ˈbau ˈsufi ˈbau ˈmiːka ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ ma jmu</p>
+  <p>bau mobeñodó bau sufi bau miika bau dowewago ma jmu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>wɔˈbeɲɔdo</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈt͡ʃufi</o>
+      <g>dog</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈsiːka</o>
+      <g>daughter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>dɔˈwewaɡɔ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡɔ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 15.

Bau mobeñodó bau sufi bau miika bau dowewago ma jmu.

[ˈbau mɔˈbeɲɔdo ˈbau ˈsufi ˈbau ˈmiːka ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ ma jmu]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM wɔˈbeɲɔdo
lion s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC ˈt͡ʃufi
dog s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈsiːka
daughter f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM dɔˈwewaɡɔ
hunter ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active ɡɔ
eat -mu
PAST

“The lion ate the hunter’s daughter’s dog.”

(15)

The language has a fixed constituent order, and major phrases normally appear in a predictable position in the clause. Movement for discourse reasons is highly restricted: topics and foci are expressed not by rearranging elements, but through dedicated constructions such as clefts, focus clauses or topic–comment frames. Constituents remain continuous, and both the relative order of phrases and the internal structure of each phrase are stable. As a result, significant deviations from the basic word order are ungrammatical, and discourse structure is managed through these specialised constructions rather than through word-order variation.

Noun Phrases

Structure and Order

The internal structure of noun phrases in Chuboki reveals typologically significant preferences in the ordering of nominal constituents. This includes the position of adjectives, numerals, and possessors relative to the noun, each of which can offer clues to the overall headedness of the language.

Possessive constructions are head-initial: the possessed noun precedes the possessor. For instance, Chuboki expresses “the child’s toy” with the equivalent of “toy child”. This structure is typologically rarer and often co-occurs with verb-initial syntax or with grammatical marking on the noun.

initial XML:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned">
      <np type="owner_owned">
        <np number="sing" def="neither">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def">
          <noun>son</noun>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def">
        <noun>friend</noun>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def">
      <noun>book</noun>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
-    <np type="owner_owned">
-      <np type="owner_owned">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def">
-          <noun>son</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def">
-        <noun>friend</noun>
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def">
-      <noun>book</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

No change.

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

No change.

module casemarking:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
-      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc">
+  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </np>
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
-        </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-      </np>
+    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-    </np>
+      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+      </np>
+    </np>
+  </np>
</example>

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
    </np>
    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
      </np>
      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
        <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </np>
    </np>
  </np>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np type="owner_owned" case="NOM" gender="masc" number="sing">
-    <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
+  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
  </np>
-    <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="fem" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
  </np>
-      <np type="owner_owned" role="owner" gender="masc" number="sing">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
  </np>
-      </np>
-    </np>
-  </np>
</example>

movedowntoword:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son"/>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for book/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for friend/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for son/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
  </np>
  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
  </np>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
-  </np>
-  <np number="sing" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
-  </np>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="l i&#x2D0; b &#x25B; n e" slots="C V C V C V">liːbɛne</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; j u" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">jɔˈju</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /l/ > // + /l/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /f/ > // + /f/

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="l i&#x2D0; b &#x25B; n e" slots="C V C V C V">liːbɛne</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="l i&#x2D0; b &#x25B; n e">liːbɛne</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; j u" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">jɔˈju</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; j u">jɔˈju</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="poss3" translation="your son's friend's book">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM" ph="l i&#x2D0; b &#x25B; n e">liːbɛne</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem" ph="j &#x254; &#x2C8; j u">jɔˈju</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" ph="f u&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="book" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc" case="NOM">liːbɛne</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="friend" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="fem">jɔˈju</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="son" number="sing" def="def" locus="number" role="owned" gender="masc">fuːˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" locus="number" role="owner">mɛˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;liːbɛne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;book&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjɔju&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;friend&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈfuːt͡ʃa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;son&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau liːbɛne ˈbau ˈjɔju ˈbau ˈfuːt͡ʃa ˈmɛ</p>
+  <p>bau liibæne bau joju bau fuucha mæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>liːbɛne</o>
+      <g>book</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjɔju</o>
+      <g>friend</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈfuːt͡ʃa</o>
+      <g>son</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmɛ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 16.

bau liibæne bau joju bau fuucha mæ

[ˈbau liːbɛne ˈbau ˈjɔju ˈbau ˈfuːt͡ʃa ˈmɛ]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM liːbɛne
book s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjɔju
friend f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈfuːt͡ʃa
son ˈmɛ
2.sing

“your son’s friend’s book”

(16)

Case Marking

Chuboki uses nominative–accusative case marking. The subject of an intransitive verb and the subject of a transitive verb are treated alike and take the nominative case, while the object of a transitive verb is marked with the accusative case. This is the familiar pattern from many European languages: the grammar groups together the participants that function as subjects and marks the participant affected by a transitive action separately.

initial XML:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-state">
      <verb>sleep</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-state">
-      <verb>sleep</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for sleep/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j e" slots="Cir V1">je</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/j/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/e/ + /k/ > /e/ + /k/

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j e" slots="Cir V1">je</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j e">je</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="intr_stat" translation="The cat is sleeping.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j e">je</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="sleep" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="present" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">je</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;je&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈjuwa ma jekɛ</p>
+  <p>bau juwa ma jekæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>je</o>
+      <g>sleep</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 17.

Bau juwa ma jekæ.

[ˈbau ˈjuwa ma jekɛ]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjuwa
cat ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active je
sleep -kɛ
PRES

“The cat is sleeping.”

(17)

initial XML:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>run</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>run</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="run"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for voice/
defaultval: verb, voice
returning active

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for run/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; i" slots="Cir V1">ɡi</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/j/ + /ɡ/ > // + /j/
/i/ + /k/ > /i/ + /k/

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; i" slots="Cir V1">ɡi</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j i" underlying="&#x261; i">ji</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="intr_act" translation="The cat is running.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j i" underlying="&#x261; i">ji</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="run" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" underlying="&#x261; i">ji</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;run&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈjuwa ma jikɛ</p>
+  <p>bau juwa ma jikæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡi</o>
+      <g>run</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 18.

Bau juwa ma jikæ.

[ˈbau ˈjuwa ma jikɛ]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjuwa
cat ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active ɡi
run -kɛ
PRES

“The cat is running.”

(18)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont">
      <verb>chase</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont">
-      <verb>chase</verb>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES">
+    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for voice/
defaultval: verb, voice
returning active

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for chase/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PRES

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="l o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">lotɔˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /n/ > // + /n/
/j/ + /l/ > // + /j/
/a/ + /k/ > /a/ + /k/

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="l o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">lotɔˈt͡ʃa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" underlying="l o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">jotɔˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="tr_pres" translation="The cat is chasing the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a" underlying="l o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">jotɔˈt͡ʃa</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="chase" tam="pres-cont" negation="POS" question="not.Q" ta="PRES" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="l o t &#x254; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a">jotɔˈt͡ʃa</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;niˈt͡ʃitawi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;loˈtɔt͡ʃa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;chase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈjuwa ˈbau niˈt͡ʃitawi ma joˈtɔt͡ʃakɛ</p>
+  <p>bau juwa bau nichitawi ma jótochakæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>niˈt͡ʃitawi</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>loˈtɔt͡ʃa</o>
+      <g>chase</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 19.

Bau juwa bau nichitawi ma jótochakæ.

[ˈbau ˈjuwa ˈbau niˈt͡ʃitawi ma joˈtɔt͡ʃakɛ]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjuwa
cat s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC niˈt͡ʃitawi
mouse ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active loˈtɔt͡ʃa
chase -kɛ
PRES

“The cat is chasing the mouse.”

(19)

initial XML:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>catch</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <noun>mouse</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>catch</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme">
-      <noun>mouse</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /n/ > // + /n/
/j/ + /n/ > // + /j/
/aː/ + /m/ > /aː/ + /m/

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="tr_past" translation="The cat caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" number="sing" def="def" role="subj" tr="theme" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="fem">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" number="sing" def="def" role="obj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;niˈt͡ʃitawi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈjuwa ˈbau niˈt͡ʃitawi ma jaːmu</p>
+  <p>bau juwa bau nichitawi ma jaamu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>niˈt͡ʃitawi</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 20.

Bau juwa bau nichitawi ma jaamu.

[ˈbau ˈjuwa ˈbau niˈt͡ʃitawi ma jaːmu]

s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjuwa
cat s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC niˈt͡ʃitawi
mouse ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active naː
catch -mu
PAST

“The cat caught the mouse.”

(20)

Conjunctions

Here is an example of a conjunction.

initial XML:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>kill</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>hunter</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>jaguar</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>tiger</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur">
          <noun>lion</noun>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>kill</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>hunter</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>jaguar</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>tiger</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur">
-          <noun>lion</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
      <conjp conj="and">
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
        </np>
+        <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
        </np>
      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flattenconjp:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
-      <conjp conj="and">
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-        <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem">
+      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
-      </conjp>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
      </np>
      <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
      <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
      </np>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="plur">
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
    </np>
-    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for hunter/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for jaguar/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for tiger/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for lion/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for kill/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <np def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">sedaːˈwiba</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">leˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="d i t&#x361;&#x283; o &#x2C8; s e d i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dit͡ʃoˈsedi</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">leˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">wɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="k i&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">kiː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /s/ > // + /s/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /w/ > // + /s/
/j/ + /k/ > // + /j/
/iː/ + /m/ > /iː/ + /m/

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">sedaːˈwiba</word>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">leˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="d i t&#x361;&#x283; o &#x2C8; s e d i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">dit͡ʃoˈsedi</word>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">leˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">wɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a">sedaːˈwiba</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;">leˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="d i t&#x361;&#x283; o &#x2C8; s e d i">dit͡ʃoˈsedi</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;">leˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="s &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" underlying="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o">sɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="k i&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">kiː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="j i&#x2D0;" underlying="k i&#x2D0;">jiː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="conj1" translation="The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="d &#x254; w e &#x2C8; w a &#x261; &#x254;">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="s e d a&#x2D0; &#x2C8; w i b a">sedaːˈwiba</word>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;">leˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="d i t&#x361;&#x283; o &#x2C8; s e d i">dit͡ʃoˈsedi</word>
-    <word posp="conj" gloss="and" ph="l e &#x2C8;">leˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur" ph="m &#x25B;">mɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" ph="s &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o" underlying="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o">sɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem" ph="j i&#x2D0;" underlying="k i&#x2D0;">jiː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="hunter" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">dɔweˈwaɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="jaguar" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">sedaːˈwiba</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">leˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="tiger" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">dit͡ʃoˈsedi</word>
+    <word posp="conj" gloss="and">leˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="plur">mɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="lion" def="def" number="plur" locus="number" gender="fem" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" underlying="w &#x254; b e &#x2C8; &#x272; &#x254; d o">sɔbeˈɲɔdo</word>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="kill" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" obj="3.plur.fem" underlying="k i&#x2D0;">jiː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dɔˈwewaɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;hunter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;seˈdaːwiba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;jaguar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈle&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;diˈt͡ʃosedi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tiger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈle&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;mɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;plur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;wɔˈbeɲɔdo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;lion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;kiː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;kill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ mɛ ˈbau seˈdaːwiba ˈle mɛ ˈbau diˈt͡ʃosedi ˈle mɛ ˈbau sɔˈbeɲɔdo jiːmu</p>
+  <p>bau dowewago mæ bau sedaawiba le mæ bau dichósedi le mæ bau sobeñodó jiimu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>dɔˈwewaɡɔ</o>
+      <g>hunter</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mɛ</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>seˈdaːwiba</o>
+      <g>jaguar</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈle</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mɛ</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>diˈt͡ʃosedi</o>
+      <g>tiger</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈle</o>
+      <g>and</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>mɛ</o>
+      <g>plur</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>wɔˈbeɲɔdo</o>
+      <g>lion</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>kiː</o>
+      <g>kill</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 21.

Bau dowewago mæ bau sedaawiba le mæ bau dichósedi le mæ bau sobeñodó jiimu.

[ˈbau dɔˈwewaɡɔ mɛ ˈbau seˈdaːwiba ˈle mɛ ˈbau diˈt͡ʃosedi ˈle mɛ ˈbau sɔˈbeɲɔdo jiːmu]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM dɔˈwewaɡɔ
hunter mɛ
plur s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC seˈdaːwiba
jaguar ˈle
and mɛ
plur s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC diˈt͡ʃosedi
tiger ˈle
and mɛ
plur s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC wɔˈbeɲɔdo
lion j-
active kiː
kill -mu
PAST

“The hunter killed the jaguars, the tigers and the lions.”

(21)

Modifiers and Determiners

The ordering of demonstratives, articles (if present), and other modifiers in Chuboki provides further insight into the structure of the noun phrase. These elements frequently exhibit fixed positions and may reveal whether the language favours head-initial or head-final patterns.

Complex Sentences

Relative Clauses

Chuboki forms relative clauses by placing the relative clause after the noun it modifies. The clause follows the internal word order of ordinary finite clauses. A dedicated relativising marker introduces the clause and identifies the relationship between the head noun and its role inside the relative clause.

To illustrate how relative clauses work, let us begin with a simple sentence:

initial XML:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
      <noun>cat</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj">
-      <noun>cat</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/j/ + /w/ > // + /j/
/a/ + /m/ > /a/ + /m/

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp1" translation="I patted the cat.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" tr="rheme" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">juˈwa</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;waˈjota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkɛː ˈbau ˈjuwa bɛ jaˈjotamu</p>
+  <p>kææ bau juwa bæ jajótamu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>waˈjota</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 22.

Kææ bau juwa bæ jajótamu.

[ˈkɛː ˈbau ˈjuwa bɛ jaˈjotamu]

ˈkɛː
1excl.sing s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC ˈjuwa
cat bɛ
1excl.sing.SUBJ j-
active waˈjota
pat -mu
PAST

“I patted the cat.”

(22)

We can now add a relative clause modifying the noun:

initial XML:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
          <noun>mouse</noun>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-          <noun>mouse</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+        <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/j/ + /w/ > // + /j/
/a/ + /m/ > /a/ + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/j/ + /n/ > // + /j/
/aː/ + /m/ > /aː/ + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /n/ > // + /n/

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp2" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">juˈwa,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.fem" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="fem" comma="after">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;waˈjota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;niˈt͡ʃitawi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkɛː bɛ jaˈjotamu ˈbau ˈjuwa, ˈkɛ ma jaːmu ˈbau niˈt͡ʃitawi</p>
+  <p>kææ bæ jajótamu bau juwa, kæ ma jaamu bau nichitawi</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>waˈjota</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>niˈt͡ʃitawi</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 23.

Kææ bæ jajótamu bau juwa, kæ ma jaamu bau nichitawi.

[ˈkɛː bɛ jaˈjotamu ˈbau ˈjuwa, ˈkɛ ma jaːmu ˈbau niˈt͡ʃitawi]

ˈkɛː
1excl.sing bɛ
1excl.sing.SUBJ j-
active waˈjota
pat -mu
PAST s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjuwa
cat ˈkɛ
RELPRON ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active naː
catch -mu
PAST s-
fem ˈbau
the s-
ACC niˈt͡ʃitawi
mouse

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse.”

(23)

Relative clauses may themselves contain other relative clauses:

initial XML:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
              <noun>cheese</noun>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj">
-              <noun>cheese</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
-        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+        <np id="parent">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
+          <relp comma="after">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+            </np>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
+            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
+              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
+              <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
+        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for pat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for cat/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for catch/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for mouse/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for eat/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for cheese/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+        <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+            <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+            <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+              <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
+              <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
              <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+              <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+              <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-          </np>
-          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="&#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V1">ɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/j/ + /w/ > // + /j/
/a/ + /m/ > /a/ + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /j/ > // + /j/
/j/ + /n/ > // + /j/
/aː/ + /m/ > /aː/ + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /n/ > // + /m/
/j/ + /ɡ/ > // + /j/
/ɔ/ + /m/ > // + /m/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/s/ + /j/ > // + /j/

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="m i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" underlying="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">mit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="&#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V1">ɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="j" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp3" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="m i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" underlying="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">mit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="j" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">juˈwa,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" underlying="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">mit͡ʃiˈtawi,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" comma="after">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;waˈjota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;niˈt͡ʃitawi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈboːɡɔmɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkɛː bɛ jaˈjotamu ˈbau ˈjuwa, ˈkɛ ma jaːmu ˈbau miˈt͡ʃitawi, ˈkɛ ma jmu ˈbau jaˈboːɡɔmɛ</p>
+  <p>kææ bæ jajótamu bau juwa, kæ ma jaamu bau michitawi, kæ ma jmu bau jabóógomæ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>waˈjota</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>niˈt͡ʃitawi</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡɔ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈboːɡɔmɛ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 24.

Kææ bæ jajótamu bau juwa, kæ ma jaamu bau michitawi, kæ ma jmu bau jabóógomæ.

[ˈkɛː bɛ jaˈjotamu ˈbau ˈjuwa, ˈkɛ ma jaːmu ˈbau miˈt͡ʃitawi, ˈkɛ ma jmu ˈbau jaˈboːɡɔmɛ]

ˈkɛː
1excl.sing bɛ
1excl.sing.SUBJ j-
active waˈjota
pat -mu
PAST s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈjuwa
cat ˈkɛ
RELPRON ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active naː
catch -mu
PAST s-
fem ˈbau
the m-
NOM niˈt͡ʃitawi
mouse ˈkɛ
RELPRON ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active ɡɔ
eat -mu
PAST f-
masc ˈbau
the s-
ACC jaˈboːɡɔmɛ
cheese

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese.”

(24)

Finally, here is an example containing several layers of embedding:

initial XML:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>pat</verb>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>catch</verb>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
          <noun>cat</noun>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp tam="past-punct">
              <verb>eat</verb>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
              <noun>mouse</noun>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp tam="past-punct">
                  <verb>buy</verb>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
                  <noun>cheese</noun>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>pat</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-      <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>catch</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-          <noun>cat</noun>
+        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp tam="past-punct">
-              <verb>eat</verb>
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this">
-              <noun>mouse</noun>
+            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
+              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp tam="past-punct">
-                  <verb>buy</verb>
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-                  <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this">
-                  <noun>cheese</noun>
+                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
+                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj">
      <relp>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np role="obj">
          <relp>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
              <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            </np>
            <np role="obj">
              <relp>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj">
-      <relp>
+    <np id="parent">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      </np>
+      <relp comma="after">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <np id="parent">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
-        <np role="obj">
-          <relp>
+          <relp comma="after">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np def="def" number="sing" role="subj" head="this" locus="number">
-              <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <np id="parent">
+              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
-            <np role="obj">
-              <relp>
+              <relp comma="after">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
-                <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" head="this" locus="number">
-                  <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
-                  <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

No change.

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
-    </vp>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+        <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM">
+            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent">
-              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="">
+            <np id="parent" gender="masc">
+              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC">
+                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="fem">
+        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" gender="masc">
+            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
-                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
+        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
+            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
+              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
+                <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">
+                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
+    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing">
+        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing">
+            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing" case="NOM">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-        <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat"/>
+        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-            <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse"/>
+            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
-              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat"/>
+              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing" case="NOM">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-                <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese"/>
+                <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
+                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
-                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON"/>
+                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy"/>
+                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" person="1excl">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM
calling defaultval for case/
defaultval: noun, case
returning NOM

addaffixes:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <s>
    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
      <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
        <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+        <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
        <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+        <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
        <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
      </np>
      <relp comma="after">
        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
          <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
            <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+            <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
            <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
+            <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
            <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
          </np>
          <relp comma="after">
            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
              <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
            </np>
            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
              <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
              <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
              <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+              <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
              <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
+              <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
              <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
            </vp>
            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing" case="NOM">
              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
                <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+                <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
                <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
+                <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
                <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
              </np>
              <relp comma="after">
                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
                  <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
                </np>
                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">
                  <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
                  <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
                  <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
                  <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing"/>
+                  <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
                  <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
                </vp>
                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" person="1excl">
                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
                </np>
              </relp>
            </np>
          </relp>
        </np>
      </relp>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
-  <s>
-    <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
+  <flat>
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-    <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
-      <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-      </np>
-      <relp comma="after">
-        <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
-        <np id="parent" gender="fem" number="sing" case="NOM">
-          <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-          </np>
-          <relp comma="after">
-            <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-            </np>
-            <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-            </vp>
-            <np id="parent" gender="masc" number="sing" case="NOM">
-              <np def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" tr="" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
-              </np>
-              <relp comma="after">
-                <np id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">
    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-                </np>
-                <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-                </vp>
-                <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" person="1excl">
-                  <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-                </np>
-              </relp>
-            </np>
-          </relp>
-        </np>
-      </relp>
-    </np>
-  </s>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after"/>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc"/>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after"/>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V1">ɡɔ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a" slots="Cir V1">ja</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="w a j o &#x2C8; t a" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">juˈwa</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="n a&#x2D0;" slots="Cir V1">naː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">nit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="m i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" underlying="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">mit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="&#x261; &#x254;" slots="Cir V1">ɡɔ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a" slots="Cir V1">ja</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a">ja</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="relp4" translation="I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.">
  <flat>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a j o &#x2C8; t a" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="j u &#x2C8; w a">juˈwa</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j a&#x2D0;" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" ph="m i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i" underlying="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">mit͡ʃiˈtawi</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" ph="j" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc" ph="j a b o&#x2D0; &#x2C8; &#x261; &#x254; m &#x25B;">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ</word>
-    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="k &#x25B; &#x2C8;">kɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing" ph="j a">ja</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="pat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="1excl.sing" underlying="w a j o &#x2C8; t a">jajoˈta</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cat" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">juˈwa,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="catch" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" underlying="n a&#x2D0;">jaː</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="mouse" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="fem" underlying="n i t&#x361;&#x283; i &#x2C8; t a w i">mit͡ʃiˈtawi,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" comma="before" case="NOM" gender="fem">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="eat" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" underlying="&#x261; &#x254;">j</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="cheese" def="def" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" id="headnp" gender="masc">jaboːˈɡɔmɛ,</word>
+    <word posp="pron" gloss="RELPRON" id="relnp" number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" comma="before" case="ACC" gender="masc">kɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="buy" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" obj="3.sing.masc" subj="1excl.sing">ja</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" comma="after">kɛːˈ</word>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;waˈjota&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;pat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈjuwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;naː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;catch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;niˈt͡ʃitawi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;mouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ɡɔ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;eat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;jaˈboːɡɔmɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;cheese&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;RELPRON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ja&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;buy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈkɛː bɛ jaˈjotamu ˈbau ˈjuwa, ˈkɛ ma jaːmu ˈbau miˈt͡ʃitawi, ˈkɛ ma jmu ˈbau jaˈboːɡɔmɛ, ˈkɛ bɛ jamu ˈkɛː</p>
+  <p>kææ bæ jajótamu bau juwa, kæ ma jaamu bau michitawi, kæ ma jmu bau jabóógomæ, kæ bæ jamu kææ</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>waˈjota</o>
+      <g>pat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈjuwa</o>
+      <g>cat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>naː</o>
+      <g>catch</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>niˈt͡ʃitawi</o>
+      <g>mouse</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ɡɔ</o>
+      <g>eat</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>jaˈboːɡɔmɛ</o>
+      <g>cheese</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛ</o>
+      <g>RELPRON</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ja</o>
+      <g>buy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 25.

Kææ bæ jajótamu bau juwa, kæ ma jaamu bau michitawi, kæ ma jmu bau jabóógomæ, kæ bæ jamu kææ.

[ˈkɛː bɛ jaˈjotamu ˈbau ˈjuwa, ˈkɛ ma jaːmu ˈbau miˈt͡ʃitawi, ˈkɛ ma jmu ˈbau jaˈboːɡɔmɛ, ˈkɛ bɛ jamu ˈkɛː]

“I patted the cat that caught the mouse that ate the cheese that I bought.”

(25)

Complementation Strategies

Chuboki introduces complement clauses with a dedicated complementiser, similar to English that. The complementiser appears at the beginning of the embedded clause and signals that the clause functions as a syntactic argument. The embedded clause is fully finite and displays the same tense, aspect and agreement patterns as independent clauses.

The following example illustrate how complement clauses function:

initial XML:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>surprise</verb>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="past-punct">
          <verb>give</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
          <noun>boy</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
          <noun>apple</noun>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
          <noun>girl</noun>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
      <noun>teacher</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>surprise</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="past-punct">
-          <verb>give</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj">
-          <noun>boy</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj">
-          <noun>apple</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme">
-          <noun>girl</noun>
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj">
-      <noun>teacher</noun>
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="indef" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
-    </vp>
    <np role="subj">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+        </vp>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM">
+    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT">
+        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

No change.

copyuptophrase:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
+          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-          <word gloss="a" posp="det"/>
-          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple"/>
+          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="give"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for boy/noun/case/obligatory
Got NOM
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got fem
About to call getSlotValue for girl/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for a/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for apple/noun/case/obligatory
Got ACC
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for give/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST
About to call getSlotValue for the/det/gender/obligatory
Got masc
About to call getSlotValue for teacher/noun/case/obligatory
Got DAT
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/voice/obligatory
Got active
About to call getSlotValue for surprise/verb/ta/obligatory
Got PAST

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <s>
    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
          <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
          <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+          <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
          <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
+          <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
          <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
-  <s>
-    <np role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <np number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="n" slots="Cip">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">koˈme</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">koːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="b o" slots="Cir V1">bo</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">buboˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="n" slots="Cip">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="m a &#x261; i&#x2D0; t &#x25B; n e" slots="C V C V C V C V">maɡiːtɛne</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc" ph="w e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wet͡ʃiːˈt͡ʃi</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /m/ > // + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/n/ + /k/ > // + /k/
/f/ + /k/ > // + /f/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/j/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/o/ + /m/ > // + /m/
/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/n/ + /m/ > // + /m/
/j/ + /w/ > // + /j/
/i/ + /m/ > /i/ + /m/

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a">mauˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="n" slots="Cip">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">koˈme</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="n"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e">koˈme</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">koːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2 Cmr V2">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="f o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" underlying="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">foːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="b o" slots="Cir V1">bo</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="b" underlying="b o">b</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">buboˈ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;">buboˈ</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="n" slots="Cip">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="m a &#x261; i&#x2D0; t &#x25B; n e" slots="C V C V C V C V">maɡiːtɛne</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="n"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="m a &#x261; i&#x2D0; t &#x25B; n e">maɡiːtɛne</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a" slots="Cip V2">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc" ph="w e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1 Cmr V2">wet͡ʃiːˈt͡ʃi</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc" ph="j e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i" underlying="w e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i">jet͡ʃiːˈt͡ʃi</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="comp1" translation="It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a">mauˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="n"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e">koˈme</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="f o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" underlying="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">foːˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" ph="b u t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; a &#x261; e">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" ph="b" underlying="b o">b</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;">buboˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="n"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc" ph="m a &#x261; i&#x2D0; t &#x25B; n e">maɡiːtɛne</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ" ph="m a">ma</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc" ph="j e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i" underlying="w e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i">jet͡ʃiːˈt͡ʃi</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" number="sing" def="def" head="this" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" underlying="n"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" tr="rheme" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">koˈme</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="a" posp="det" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc" underlying="k o&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">foːˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="ACC" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="apple" number="sing" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" gender="masc">but͡ʃaˈt͡ʃaɡe</word>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="give" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="3.sing.masc" underlying="b o">b</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="subj" case="NOM" gender="fem" number="sing">buboˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" underlying="n"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="teacher" number="sing" def="def" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="masc">maɡiːtɛne</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.fem.SUBJ">ma</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="surprise" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.fem" indobj="3.sing.masc" underlying="w e t&#x361;&#x283; i&#x2D0; &#x2C8; t&#x361;&#x283; i">jet͡ʃiːˈt͡ʃi</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmausa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;n-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkome&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkoː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;ACC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;apple&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;give&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;buˈbo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;n-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;maɡiːtɛne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;3.sing.fem.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;weˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;surprise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈmausa ˈbau ˈkome ˈfoː buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe bmu buˈbo ˈbau maɡiːtɛne ma jeˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃimu</p>
+  <p>bau mausa bau kóme fóó buchachage bmu bubó bau magiitæne ma jechiichimu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmausa</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>n-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkome</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkoː</o>
+      <g>a</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>ACC</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe</o>
+      <g>apple</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bo</o>
+      <g>give</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>buˈbo</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>n-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>maɡiːtɛne</o>
+      <g>teacher</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ma</o>
+      <g>3.sing.fem.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>weˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃi</o>
+      <g>surprise</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 26.

Bau mausa bau kóme fóó buchachage bmu bubó bau magiitæne ma jechiichimu.

[ˈbau ˈmausa ˈbau ˈkome ˈfoː buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe bmu buˈbo ˈbau maɡiːtɛne ma jeˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃimu]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈmausa
boy s-
fem ˈbau
the n-
DAT ˈkome
girl f-
masc ˈkoː
a s-
ACC buˈt͡ʃat͡ʃaɡe
apple j-
active bo
give -mu
PAST buˈbo
COMP f-
masc ˈbau
the n-
DAT maɡiːtɛne
teacher ma
3.sing.fem.SUBJ j-
active weˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃi
surprise -mu
PAST

“It surprised the teacher that the boy had given the girl an apple.”

(26)

Quotes

Chuboki expresses quoted or reported speech without a dedicated quotative particle. Quotations appear as ordinary clauses, distinguished only by the surrounding syntactic context or by the use of verbs of speaking.

Here is an example of how quotations are expressed:

initial XML:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp tam="past-punct">
      <verb>tell</verb>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
      <noun>boy</noun>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp tam="gnomic">
          <verb>love</verb>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
      <noun>girl</noun>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

cleanup:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp tam="past-punct">
-      <verb>tell</verb>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj">
-      <noun>boy</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp tam="gnomic">
-          <verb>love</verb>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj">
-          <pron person="1excl" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj">
-          <pron person="2" number="sing"/>
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj">
-      <noun>girl</noun>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module articles:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module nonpastonly:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

module noepistemic:

No change.

module NRel:

No change.

module sentenceconnectors:

No change.

module complementise:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
  </s>
</example>

tva1
tva2
tva1
tva2

module affixdensity:

No change.

module adpositions:

No change.

module constorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
-    </vp>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
      <subs>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
-        </vp>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+        </vp>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-    </np>
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module casemarking:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module addgender:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT">
+    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module propagatenumber:

No change.

module simplifynumber:

No change.

createpronouns:

No change.

module ngen:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

No change.

module wordorder:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

module conjp:

No change.

flattenconjp:

No change.

fixpronouns:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

copyuptophrase:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing">
+    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">
+        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES">
+        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST">
+    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing">
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

prodrop:

No change.

addclitics:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
+      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
+          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing">
+      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
+      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
+      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

propagateArgumentCase:

No change.

unwrapArgumentNPs:

No change.

unwrapOwnerOwned:

No change.

movedowntoword:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-      <word gloss="the" posp="det"/>
-      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl"/>
+      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
+      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
-          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem"/>
+          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
-          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem"/>
+          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-          <word posp="verb" gloss="love"/>
+          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
-        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp"/>
+        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell"/>
+      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

addaffixes:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <s>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    </np>
    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
      <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
+      <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
      <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
+      <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
      <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
    </np>
    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl">
      <subs>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
          <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
        </np>
        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
          <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
        </np>
        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
          <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
          <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
          <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
          <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
+          <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
          <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
        </vp>
        <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
      </subs>
    </np>
    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing">
      <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
      <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
      <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
+      <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
      <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing"/>
+      <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
      <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
    </vp>
  </s>
</example>

flatten:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
-  <s>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">
+  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    </np>
-    <np def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
-    </np>
-    <np role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl">
-      <subs>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" person="1excl">
    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-        </np>
-        <np number="sing" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" person="2">
    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-        </np>
-        <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-        </vp>
    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
-      </subs>
-    </np>
-    <vp negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing">
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing"/>
    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    </vp>
-  </s>
+  </flat>
</example>

addvocab:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc"/>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing"/>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem"/>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT"/>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem"/>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM"/>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl"/>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative"/>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS"/>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc"/>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active"/>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing"/>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST"/>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q"/>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="n" slots="Cip">n</thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">koˈme</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="s au" slots="Cir V1">sau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">buboˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing" ph="d &#x25B;" slots="Cir V1">dɛ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

vowelharmony:

No change.

applysandhi:

/f/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/m/ + /m/ > // + /m/
/s/ + /b/ > // + /b/
/n/ + /k/ > // + /k/
/j/ + /s/ > // + /j/
/au/ + /k/ > /au/ + /k/
/j/ + /d/ > // + /d/
/ɛ/ + /m/ > // + /m/

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="f" slots="Cip">f</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="m" slots="Cip">m</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a">mauˈsa</word>
    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="s" slots="Cip">s</thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="n" slots="Cip">n</thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e" slots="Cir V1 T1 Cmr V2">koˈme</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V1 T1">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="n"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e">koˈme</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;" slots="Cip V2">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="s au" slots="Cir V1">sau</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;" slots="Cms V2">kɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="j au" underlying="s au">jau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;" slots="Cir V2 Cmr V1 T1">buboˈ</word>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;">buboˈ</word>
    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="j" slots="Cip">j</thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing" ph="d &#x25B;" slots="Cir V1">dɛ</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u" slots="Cms V2">mu</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing" ph="d" underlying="d &#x25B;">d</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
  </flat>
</example>

removetags:

<example id="quot1" translation="The boy told the girl that he loved her.">
  <flat>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="f"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="m"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc" ph="m au &#x2C8; s a">mauˈsa</word>
-    <thingy type="npnumber" function="proclitic" gloss="sing" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="s"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="b au &#x2C8;">bauˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="n"></thingy>
-    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem" ph="k o &#x2C8; m e">koˈme</word>
-    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" ph="k &#x25B;&#x2D0; &#x2C8;">kɛːˈ</word>
-    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC" ph="m &#x25B; &#x2C8;">mɛˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ" ph="b &#x25B;">bɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" ph="j au" underlying="s au">jau</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES" attach="suffix" ph="k &#x25B;">kɛ</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
-    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl" ph="b u b o &#x2C8;">buboˈ</word>
-    <thingy type="vpmode" function="proclitic" gloss="indicative" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpnegation" function="proclitic" gloss="POS" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="3.sing.masc.SUBJ" ph="" slots="Cip V2"></thingy>
-    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" attach="prefix" ph="" underlying="j"></thingy>
-    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing" ph="d" underlying="d &#x25B;">d</word>
-    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST" attach="suffix" ph="m u">mu</thingy>
-    <thingy type="vpquestion" function="enclitic" gloss="not.Q" ph="" slots="Cis V2"></thingy>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="masc" underlying="f"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="NOM" underlying="m"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="boy" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM" gender="masc">mauˈsa</word>
+    <thingy type="detgender" function="prefix" gloss="fem" underlying="s"></thingy>
+    <word gloss="the" posp="det" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">bauˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="nouncase" function="prefix" gloss="DAT" underlying="n"></thingy>
+    <word posp="noun" gloss="girl" def="def" number="sing" tr="theme" role="indobj" locus="number" case="DAT" gender="fem">koˈme</word>
+    <word person="1excl" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="1excl.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="subj" locus="number" case="NOM">kɛːˈ</word>
+    <word person="2" number="sing" posp="pron" gloss="2.sing" gender="fem" def="neither" role="obj" locus="number" case="ACC">mɛˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="vpsubj" function="proclitic" gloss="1excl.sing.SUBJ">bɛ</thingy>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="love" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="gnomic" asp="imperfective" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PRES" subj="1excl.sing" obj="2.sing" underlying="s au">jau</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PRES">kɛ</thingy>
+    <word gloss="COMP" posp="pp" role="obj" tr="rheme" case="ACC" gender="fem" number="sing" person="1excl">buboˈ</word>
+    <thingy type="verbvoice" function="prefix" gloss="active" underlying="j"></thingy>
+    <word posp="verb" gloss="tell" negation="POS" question="not.Q" tense="past" asp="action" mode="indicative" voice="active" ta="PAST" subj="3.sing.masc" indobj="3.sing.fem" obj="1excl.sing" underlying="d &#x25B;">d</word>
+    <thingy type="verbta" function="suffix" gloss="PAST">mu</thingy>
  </flat>
+  <p>&lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;f-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;masc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;m-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;NOM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmausa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;boy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;s-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;fem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈbau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;n-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;DAT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkome&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;girl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈkɛː&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;ˈmɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;2.sing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;bɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;1excl.sing.&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;SUBJ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;sau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;love&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-kɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PRES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;buˈbo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;COMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;j-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;active&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;dɛ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;tell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="ilpair"&gt;&lt;span class="mor"&gt;-mu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span class="gls"&gt;&lt;span class="glssc"&gt;PAST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</p>
+  <p>ˈbau ˈmausa ˈbau ˈkome ˈkɛː ˈmɛ bɛ jaukɛ buˈbo dmu</p>
+  <p>bau mausa bau kóme kææ mæ bæ jaukæ bubó dmu</p>
+  <il>
+    <w>
+      <o>f-</o>
+      <g>masc</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>m-</o>
+      <g>NOM</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmausa</o>
+      <g>boy</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>s-</o>
+      <g>fem</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈbau</o>
+      <g>the</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>n-</o>
+      <g>DAT</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkome</o>
+      <g>girl</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈkɛː</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>ˈmɛ</o>
+      <g>2.sing</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>bɛ</o>
+      <g>1excl.sing.SUBJ</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>sau</o>
+      <g>love</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-kɛ</o>
+      <g>PRES</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>buˈbo</o>
+      <g>COMP</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>j-</o>
+      <g>active</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>dɛ</o>
+      <g>tell</g>
+    </w>
+    <w>
+      <o>-mu</o>
+      <g>PAST</g>
+    </w>
+  </il>
</example>

Hide workings for example 27.

Bau mausa bau kóme kææ mæ bæ jaukæ bubó dmu.

[ˈbau ˈmausa ˈbau ˈkome ˈkɛː ˈmɛ bɛ jaukɛ buˈbo dmu]

f-
masc ˈbau
the m-
NOM ˈmausa
boy s-
fem ˈbau
the n-
DAT ˈkome
girl ˈkɛː
1excl.sing ˈmɛ
2.sing bɛ
1excl.sing.SUBJ j-
active sau
love -kɛ
PRES buˈbo
COMP j-
active dɛ
tell -mu
PAST

“The boy told the girl that he loved her.”

(27)

How to cite this grammar

Language Creator. 2026. A Grammar of Chuboki. Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 31 October 2026. https://languagecreator.org/grammar/6GA7F

In BibTeX format:

@misc{LC-6GA7F,
  year         = 2026,
  author       = {{Language Creator}},
  title        = {A Grammar of {Chuboki}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://languagecreator.org/grammar/6GA7F}},
  note         = {Generated by the Language Creator, version 0.92, on 31 October 2026}
}

Supplementary Materials

A collection of illustrative texts and a bilingual dictionary (English–Chuboki / Chuboki–English) accompany this grammar. The complete work – comprising the grammar, dictionary and texts – may also be downloaded in ODT or DOCX format.

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